Smart Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cancer Immunotherapy

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 775 - 775

Published: Feb. 26, 2023

Cancer develops with unexpected mutations and causes death in many patients. Among the different cancer treatment strategies, immunotherapy is promising benefits of high specificity accuracy, as well modulating immune responses. Nanomaterials can be used to formulate drug delivery carriers for targeted therapy. Polymeric nanoparticles clinic are biocompatible have excellent stability. They potential improve therapeutic effects while significantly reducing off-target toxicity. This review classifies smart systems based on their components. Synthetic polymers pharmaceutical industry, including enzyme-responsive, pH-responsive, redox-responsive polymers, discussed. Natural derived from plants, animals, microbes, marine organisms also construct stimuli-responsive biocompatibility, low toxicity, biodegradability. The applications or immunotherapies discussed this systemic review. We summarize strategies mechanisms that give examples each case.

Language: Английский

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Spleen-Targeted mRNA Delivery by Amphiphilic Carbon Dots for Tumor Immunotherapy

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(16), P. 19937 - 19950

Published: April 13, 2023

In recent years, the application of mRNA vaccine-based tumor immunotherapy invigorated anti-tumor therapy. However, low efficiency delivery and lack targeting ability in vivo are major obstacles to achieving highly efficient immunotherapy. this work, we report a chemical library amphiphilic carbon dots (ACDs) synthesized ACDs were applied delivery, bio-imaging, The can smoothly bind with form ACDs@mRNA nanocomplexes, fluorescent properties afforded nanoparticles bio-imaging ability. By screening ACDs, O12-Tta-CDs found have optimal transfection spleen-targeted delivery. addition, well transfect immune cells promote maturation antigen presentation bone marrow-derived dendritic (BMDCs). Furthermore, O12-Tta-CDs@OVA-mRNA was successfully inhibit growth, more specific T-cell infiltration observed spleen tumors mice after treatment E.G7-OVA model. Besides, also achieved good therapeutic effect recurrence inhibition prophylactic experiments. This study provided new direction for design vectors, which is promising

Language: Английский

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Polysaccharide‐Based Stimulus‐Responsive Nanomedicines for Combination Cancer Immunotherapy

Small, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(23)

Published: March 8, 2023

Cancer immunotherapy is a promising antitumor approach, whereas nontherapeutic side effects, tumor microenvironment (TME) intricacy, and low immunogenicity limit its therapeutic efficacy. In recent years, combination with other therapies has been proven to considerably increase However, achieving codelivery of the drugs site remains major challenge. Stimulus-responsive nanodelivery systems show controlled drug delivery precise release. Polysaccharides, family potential biomaterials, are widely used in development stimulus-responsive nanomedicines due their unique physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, modifiability. Here, activity polysaccharides several combined strategies (e.g., chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, or photothermal therapy) summarized. More importantly, progress polysaccharide-based for cancer discussed, focus on construction nanomedicine, targeted delivery, release, enhanced effects. Finally, limitations application prospects this new field discussed.

Language: Английский

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Nano-scale delivery systems for siRNA delivery in cancer therapy: New era of gene therapy empowered by nanotechnology

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239, P. 117263 - 117263

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

RNA interference (RNAi) is a unique treatment approach used to decrease disease's excessive gene expression, including cancer. SiRNAs may find and destroy homologous mRNA sequences within the cell thanks RNAi processes. However, difficulties such poor cellular uptake, off-target effects, susceptibility destruction by serum nucleases in bloodstream restrict therapeutic potential of siRNAs. Since some years ago, siRNA-based therapies have been process being translated into clinic. Therefore, primary emphasis this work on sophisticated nanocarriers that aid transport siRNA payloads, their administration combination with anticancer medications, use The research looks molecular manifestations, transport, design development delivery methods, benefits drawbacks various nanocarriers. trapping endosomes challenge for majority which affects effectiveness. Numerous techniques release, as pH-responsive membrane fusion, proton sponge effect, photochemical disruption, studied overcome problem. present state treatments clinical trials also looked at order give thorough systematic evaluation medicines efficient cancer therapy.

Language: Английский

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Revealing the Mutually Enhanced Mechanism of Necroptosis and Immunotherapy Induced by Defect Engineering and Piezoelectric Effect

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(6)

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

Abstract Owing to low immunogenicity‐induced immune escape and short‐term circulating responses, the efficiency of immunotherapy is unsatisfactory. Therefore, triggering immunogenic cell death establishing a long‐term, mutually reinforced treatment modality are urgent challenges. In this study, ultrathin CaBi 2 Nb O 9 nanosheets with tunable oxygen vacancies (abbreviated as CBNO‐OV1) prepared for synergistic necroptosis immunotherapy. The optimized vacancy concentration significantly improves piezoelectric effect under ultrasound irradiation, thereby considerably improving generation reactive species (ROS). Density functional theory shows that can improve electron hole separation by suppressing their recombination, thus resulting in enhanced piezocatalytic activity. Moreover, permeability tumor membranes, Ca 2+ influx. Additionally, CBNO‐OV1 also releases portion , which induces assisted explosive ROS. Ribonucleic acid transcription tests suggest mechanisms associated response activation necroptosis. More importantly, trigger significant vivo, activating macrophage M1 polarization through NF‐kappa B pathway promoting T‐cell differentiation.Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α differentiated from macrophages conversely promotes necroptosis, realizing effect. This study demonstrates feasibility amplifying efficacy.

Language: Английский

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