ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17(14), P. 13062 - 13080
Published: July 3, 2023
Nanozymes
constitute
an
emerging
class
of
nanomaterials
with
enzyme-like
characteristics.
Over
the
past
15
years,
more
than
1200
nanozymes
have
been
developed,
and
they
demonstrated
promising
potentials
in
broad
applications.
With
diversification
complexity
its
applications,
traditional
empirical
trial-and-error
design
strategies
no
longer
meet
requirements
for
efficient
nanozyme
design.
Thanks
to
rapid
development
computational
chemistry
artificial
intelligence
technologies,
first-principles
methods
machine-learning
algorithms
are
gradually
being
adopted
as
a
easier
means
assist
This
review
focuses
on
potential
elementary
reaction
mechanisms
rational
nanozymes,
including
peroxidase
(POD)-,
oxidase
(OXD)-,
catalase
(CAT)-,
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD)-,
hydrolase
(HYL)-like
nanozymes.
The
activity
descriptors
introduced,
aim
providing
further
guidelines
active
material
screening.
computing-
data-driven
approaches
thoroughly
reviewed
give
proposal
how
proceed
next-generation
paradigm
At
end
this
review,
personal
perspectives
prospects
challenges
put
forward,
hoping
promote
toward
superior
application
performance
future.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
119(6), P. 4357 - 4412
Published: Feb. 25, 2019
Because
of
the
high
catalytic
activities
and
substrate
specificity,
natural
enzymes
have
been
widely
used
in
industrial,
medical,
biological
fields,
etc.
Although
promising,
they
often
suffer
from
intrinsic
shortcomings
such
as
cost,
low
operational
stability,
difficulties
recycling.
To
overcome
these
shortcomings,
researchers
devoted
to
exploration
artificial
enzyme
mimics
for
a
long
time.
Since
discovery
ferromagnetic
nanoparticles
with
horseradish
peroxidase-like
activity
2007,
large
amount
studies
on
nanozymes
constantly
emerging
next
decade.
Nanozymes
are
one
kind
nanomaterials
enzymatic
properties.
Compared
enzymes,
advantages
stability
durability,
which
fields.
A
thorough
understanding
possible
mechanisms
will
contribute
development
novel
high-efficient
nanozymes,
rational
regulations
great
significance.
In
this
review,
we
systematically
introduce
classification,
mechanism,
regulation
well
recent
research
progress
field
biosensing,
environmental
protection,
disease
treatments,
past
years.
We
also
propose
current
challenges
their
future
focus.
anticipate
review
may
be
significance
understand
properties
mimicking
activities.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
5(5)
Published: May 3, 2019
Conventional
nanozyme
technologies
face
formidable
challenges
of
intricate
size-,
composition-,
and
facet-dependent
catalysis
inherently
low
active
site
density.
We
discovered
a
new
class
single-atom
nanozymes
with
atomically
dispersed
enzyme-like
sites
in
nanomaterials,
which
significantly
enhanced
catalytic
performance,
uncovered
the
underlying
mechanism.
With
oxidase
as
model
reaction,
experimental
studies
theoretical
calculations
revealed
that
carbon
nanoframe-confined
FeN5
centers
(FeN5
SA/CNF)
catalytically
behaved
like
axial
ligand-coordinated
heme
cytochrome
P450.
The
definite
moieties
crucial
synergistic
effects
endow
SA/CNF
clear
electron
push-effect
mechanism,
well
highest
oxidase-like
activity
among
other
(the
rate
constant
is
70
times
higher
than
commercial
Pt/C)
versatile
antibacterial
applications.
These
suggest
have
great
potential
to
become
next-generation
nanozymes.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
31(45)
Published: Dec. 27, 2018
Abstract
As
a
new
generation
of
artificial
enzymes,
nanozymes
have
the
advantages
high
catalytic
activity,
good
stability,
low
cost,
and
other
unique
properties
nanomaterials.
Due
to
their
wide
range
potential
applications,
they
become
an
emerging
field
bridging
nanotechnology
biology,
attracting
researchers
in
various
fields
design
synthesize
highly
catalytically
active
nanozymes.
However,
thorough
understanding
experimental
phenomena
mechanisms
beneath
practical
applications
limits
rapid
development.
Herein,
progress
computational
research
on
two
issues
over
past
decade
is
briefly
reviewed:
(1)
development
mimicking
different
types
enzymes.
This
covers
structures
ranging
from
biosensing
bioimaging
therapeutics
environmental
protection.
(2)
The
mechanism
proposed
by
theoretical
study.
challenges
future
directions
this
are
also
discussed.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
59(7), P. 2565 - 2576
Published: June 18, 2019
Nanomaterials
with
enzyme-like
activities,
coined
nanozymes,
have
been
researched
widely
as
they
offer
unparalleled
advantages
in
terms
of
low
cost,
superior
activity,
and
high
stability.
The
complex
structure
composition
nanozymes
has
led
to
extensive
investigation
their
catalytic
sites
at
an
atomic
scale,
in-depth
understanding
the
biocatalysis
occurring.
Single-atom
catalysts
(SACs),
characterized
by
atomically
dispersed
active
sites,
provided
opportunities
for
mimicking
metalloprotease
bridging
gap
between
natural
enzymes
nanozymes.
In
this
Minireview,
we
illustrate
unique
properties
discuss
recent
advances
synthesis,
characterization,
applications
SACs.
Subsequently,
outline
impressive
progress
made
single-atom
sensing,
degradation
organic
pollutants,
therapeutic
roles.
Finally,
present
major
challenges
remaining
a
successful
marriage
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
60(17), P. 9480 - 9488
Published: Feb. 6, 2021
Abstract
The
single‐atom
enzyme
(SAE)
is
a
novel
type
of
nanozyme
that
exhibits
extraordinary
catalytic
activity.
Here,
we
constructed
PEGylated
manganese‐based
SAE
(Mn/PSAE)
by
coordination
manganese
to
nitrogen
atoms
in
hollow
zeolitic
imidazolate
frameworks.
Mn/PSAE
catalyzes
the
conversion
cellular
H
2
O
.
OH
through
Fenton‐like
reaction;
it
also
promotes
decomposition
and
continuously
cytotoxic
−
via
oxidase‐like
activity
more
pronounced
weak
acidic
tumor
environment;
therefore,
these
cascade
reactions
enable
sufficient
generation
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
effectively
kill
cells.
prominent
photothermal
property
amorphous
carbon
can
be
utilized
for
therapy.
Hence,
significant
therapeutic
efficacy
microenvironment
stimulated
multiple
ROS
Chemistry of Materials,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
30(18), P. 6431 - 6439
Published: Aug. 20, 2018
Nanozymes,
the
enzyme-mimicking
nanomaterials,
have
been
developed
to
overcome
low
stability
and
high
cost
of
natural
enzymes.
Unlike
highly
active
specific
enzymes,
however,
catalytic
activities
nanozymes
are
moderate
lack
specificity.
To
address
these
issues,
herein
we
demonstrated
an
effective
general
strategy
specifically
enhance
peroxidase-mimicking
carbon
nanozymes.
By
doping
heteroatom
nitrogen
(N)
into
reduced
graphene
oxide
(rGO)
mesoporous
(MC),
their
were
enhanced
by
over
100-
60-fold,
respectively.
Moreover,
N-doping
did
not
significantly
affect
oxidase-,
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD)-,
or
catalase-mimicking
rGO
MC,
demonstrating
a
enhancement
activities.
understand
origin
enhancement,
performed
density
functional
theory
calculations
examine
reaction
mechanisms
responsible
for
peroxidase-,
catalase-,
SOD-mimicking
N-doped
(N-rGO).
We
revealed
that
N-rGO
selectively
activated
H2O2
rather
than
O2
•O2–
forming
stabilizing
radical
oxygen
species
adjacent
N
sites
N-rGO.
The
then
oxidized
peroxidase
substrates,
endowing
with
activity.
This
study
will
aid
in
rational
design
mimics
help
elucidate
