Angewandte Chemie,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
133(1), P. 89 - 123
Published: June 18, 2020
Abstract
Die
Biokatalyse
hat
in
verschiedenen
Einsatzgebieten
Anwendung
als
Alternative
zur
chemischen
Katalyse
gefunden,
wobei
die
herausragendsten
Beispiele
Herstellung
chiraler
Verbindungen
für
Pharmazeutika
und
Riechstoff‐
Aromen‐Industrie
sind.
Zunehmend
werden
Biokatalysatoren
im
großen
Maßstab
genutzt,
um
Spezial‐
sogar
Bulkchemikalien
herzustellen.
Dieser
Aufsatz
soll
lehrreiche
diesem
Gebiet
mit
besonderem
Augenmerk
auf
skalierbare
chemische
Verfahren
aufzeigen.
Es
Möglichkeiten
Grenzen
enzymatischer
Synthesen
diskutiert,
es
wird
ein
Ausblick
neu
aufstrebende
Enzymklassen
gegeben.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
60(1), P. 88 - 119
Published: June 18, 2020
Abstract
Biocatalysis
has
found
numerous
applications
in
various
fields
as
an
alternative
to
chemical
catalysis.
The
use
of
enzymes
organic
synthesis,
especially
make
chiral
compounds
for
pharmaceuticals
well
the
flavors
and
fragrance
industry,
are
most
prominent
examples.
In
addition,
biocatalysts
used
on
a
large
scale
specialty
even
bulk
chemicals.
This
review
intends
give
illustrative
examples
this
field
with
special
focus
scalable
production
using
enzymes.
It
also
discusses
opportunities
limitations
enzymatic
syntheses
distinct
provides
outlook
emerging
enzyme
classes.
ACS Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10(2), P. 1210 - 1223
Published: Dec. 13, 2019
Enzyme
engineering
plays
a
central
role
in
developing
efficient
biocatalysts
for
biotechnology,
biomedicine,
and
life
sciences.
Apart
from
classical
rational
design
directed
evolution
approaches,
machine
learning
methods
have
been
increasingly
applied
to
find
patterns
data
that
help
predict
protein
structures,
improve
enzyme
stability,
solubility,
function,
substrate
specificity,
guide
design.
In
this
Perspective,
we
analyze
the
state
of
art
databases
used
training
validating
predictors
engineering.
We
discuss
current
limitations
challenges
which
community
is
facing
recent
advancements
experimental
theoretical
potential
address
those
challenges.
also
present
our
view
on
possible
future
directions
applications
biocatalysts.
ACS Central Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
7(1), P. 55 - 71
Published: Jan. 14, 2021
Biocatalysis,
using
defined
enzymes
for
organic
transformations,
has
become
a
common
tool
in
synthesis,
which
is
also
frequently
applied
industry.
The
generally
high
activity
and
outstanding
stereo-,
regio-,
chemoselectivity
observed
many
biotransformations
are
the
result
of
precise
control
reaction
active
site
biocatalyst.
This
achieved
by
exact
positioning
reagents
relative
to
each
other
fine-tuned
3D
environment,
specific
activating
interactions
between
protein,
subtle
movements
catalyst.
Enzyme
engineering
enables
one
adapt
catalyst
desired
process.
A
well-filled
biocatalytic
toolbox
ready
be
used
various
reactions.
Providing
nonnatural
conditions
evolving
biocatalysts
play
with
myriad
options
creating
novel
transformations
thereby
opening
new,
short
pathways
target
molecules.
Combining
several
pot
perform
reactions
concurrently
increases
efficiency
biocatalysis
even
further.
Molecular Cell,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
81(20), P. 4333 - 4345.e4
Published: Sept. 3, 2021
Compact
and
versatile
CRISPR-Cas
systems
will
enable
genome
engineering
applications
through
high-efficiency
delivery
in
a
wide
variety
of
contexts.
Here,
we
create
an
efficient
miniature
Cas
system
(CasMINI)
engineered
from
the
type
V-F
Cas12f
(Cas14)
by
guide
RNA
protein
engineering,
which
is
less
than
half
size
currently
used
CRISPR
(Cas9
or
Cas12a).
We
demonstrate
that
CasMINI
can
drive
high
levels
gene
activation
(up
to
thousands-fold
increases),
while
natural
fails
function
mammalian
cells.
show
has
comparable
activities
Cas12a
for
activation,
highly
specific,
allows
robust
base
editing
editing.
expect
be
broadly
useful
cell
therapy
ex
vivo
vivo.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
50(14), P. 8003 - 8049
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Technological
developments
enable
the
discovery
of
novel
enzymes,
advancement
enzyme
cascade
designs
and
pathway
engineering,
moving
biocatalysis
into
an
era
technology
integration,
intelligent
manufacturing
enzymatic
total
synthesis.
Chemical Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11(10), P. 2587 - 2605
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
Enzymes
are
excellent
catalysts
that
increasingly
being
used
in
industry
and
academia.
This
Perspective
provides
a
general
practical
guide
to
enzymes
their
synthetic
potential,
primarily
aimed
at
organic
chemists.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
49(1), P. 233 - 262
Published: Dec. 9, 2019
This
review
summarizes
how
ultrahigh-throughput
screening
methods
employ
cells
and
biomimetic
compartments
to
access
the
vast,
unexplored
diversity
of
biocatalysts
with
novel
functions
derived
from
directed
evolution
metagenomics
libraries.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
122(1), P. 1052 - 1126
Published: Nov. 30, 2021
Biocatalysis,
using
enzymes
for
organic
synthesis,
has
emerged
as
powerful
tool
the
synthesis
of
active
pharmaceutical
ingredients
(APIs).
The
first
industrial
biocatalytic
processes
launched
in
half
last
century
exploited
whole-cell
microorganisms
where
specific
enzyme
at
work
was
not
known.
In
meantime,
novel
molecular
biology
methods,
such
efficient
gene
sequencing
and
triggered
breakthroughs
directed
evolution
rapid
development
process-stable
with
broad
substrate
scope
good
selectivities
tailored
substrates.
To
date,
are
employed
to
enable
shorter,
more
efficient,
sustainable
alternative
routes
toward
(established)
small
molecule
APIs,
additionally
used
perform
standard
reactions
API
efficiently.
Herein,
large-scale
synthetic
containing
key
steps
>130
APIs
approved
drugs
drug
candidates
compared
corresponding
chemical
protocols
(if
available)
regarding
steps,
reaction
conditions,
scale.
review
is
structured
according
functional
group
formed
reaction.
