Emerging Therapeutic Approaches to Combat COVID-19: Present Status and Future Perspectives

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: March 8, 2021

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged as a fast-paced epidemic in late 2019 which is disrupting life-saving immunization services. SARS-CoV-2 highly transmissible virus and an infectious that caused fear among people across the world. The worldwide emergence rapid expansion of emphasizes need for exploring innovative therapeutic approaches to combat SARS-CoV-2. efficacy some antiviral drugs such remdesivir, favipiravir, umifenovir, etc., are still tested against Additionally, there large global effort develop vaccines protection COVID-19. Because seem best solution control pandemic but time required its development, pre-clinical/clinical trials, approval from FDA scale-up. nano-based approach another promising COVID-19 owing unique physicochemical properties nanomaterials. Peptide based vaccine candidates study current potential treatment under clinical studies their effectiveness Overall, it high importance mention trials necessary confirming drug effective safety profile new components must be evaluated before translation vitro implementation use.

Language: Английский

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Next-Generation COVID-19 Vaccines Should Take Efficiency of Distribution into Consideration

AAPS PharmSciTech, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(3)

Published: April 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Current state of diagnostic, screening and surveillance testing methods for COVID-19 from an analytical chemistry point of view

Microchemical Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 167, P. 106305 - 106305

Published: April 19, 2021

Language: Английский

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Lipopeptides for Vaccine Development

Bioconjugate Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 32(8), P. 1472 - 1490

Published: July 6, 2021

The development of lipopeptides (lipidated peptides) for vaccines is discussed, including their role as antigens and/or adjuvants. Distinct classes lipopeptide architectures are covered simple linear and ligated constructs lipid core peptides. design, synthesis, immunological responses the important class glycerol-based Toll-like receptor agonist such Pam3CSK4, which contains three palmitoyl chains a CSK4 hexapeptide sequence, many derivatives this model immunogenic compound also reviewed. Self-assembled structures spherical worm-like micelles that have been shown to act vaccine agents described. work discussed includes examples developed with antigens, well immunotherapies treat infectious diseases malaria, influenza, hepatitis, COVID-19, others, cancer immunotherapies. Some these proceeded clinical development. research highlights huge potential of, diversity roles for, in contemporary future

Language: Английский

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Recent developments in SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines: A systematic review of the current studies

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(1)

Published: May 1, 2022

Abstract Designing and manufacturing efficient vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a major objective. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the most important under construction worldwide, their efficiencies clinical results in healthy individuals those with specific underlying diseases. We conducted comprehensive search PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Sciences by 1 December 2021 identify published research studies. The inclusion criteria were publications that evaluated immune responses safety COVID‐19 pre‐existing also searched VAERS database estimate incidence adverse events special interest (AESI) post vaccination. Almost all investigated well tolerated developed good levels both humoural cellular responses. A protective response develops after second or third dose vaccine longer interval (about 28 days) between first injections could induce higher antibody less immunogenic immunocompromised patients, particularly haematological malignancies. addition, found venous arterial thrombotic events, Bell's palsy, myocarditis/pericarditis common AESI. showed potency SARS‐CoV‐2 protect subjects disease. provision further effective safe necessary order reach high coverage immunisation programs across globe provide protection infection itself.

Language: Английский

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Targeting protein-protein interaction interfaces in COVID-19 drug discovery

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 2246 - 2255

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

To date, the COVID-19 pandemic has claimed over 1 million human lives, infected another 50 individuals and wreaked havoc on global economy. The crisis spurred ongoing development of drugs targeting its etiological agent, SARS-CoV-2. Targeting relevant protein-protein interaction interfaces (PPIIs) is a viable paradigm for design antiviral enriches targetable chemical space by providing alternative targets drug discovery. In this review, we will provide comprehensive overview theory, methods applications PPII-targeted towards based recent literature. We also highlight novel developments, such as successful use non-native interactions screening. hope that review may serve an entry point those interested in applying PPIIs discovery speed up against pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Conjugation of Mannans to Enhance the Potency of Liposome Nanoparticles for the Delivery of RNA Vaccines

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 240 - 240

Published: Feb. 9, 2021

Recent approval of mRNA vaccines to combat COVID-19 have highlighted the potential this platform. Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) is delivery vehicle choice for as they prevent its enzymatic degradation by encapsulation. We recently shown that surface exposition mannose, incorporated in LNPs stable cholesterol-amine conjugate, enhances potency self-amplifying RNA (SAM) replicon through augmented uptake antigen presenting cells (APCs). Here, we generated a new set whose was modified with mannans different length (from mono tetrasaccharide), order study effect on antibody response model SAM encoding respiratory syncytial virus fusion F protein. Furthermore, impact mannosylated liposomal intradermal well intramuscular routes investigated. The vaccine priming showed improve consistently increase chain mannoses; however, booster dose plateaued above disaccharide. An levels IgG1 and IgG2a observed mannnosylated lipid (MLNPs) compared LNPs. This work confirms both delivery, highlights disaccharide sufficient ensure improved immunogenicity un-glycosylated system.

Language: Английский

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Nanomedicine: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to COVID-19

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: June 4, 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is causing devastating morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nanomedicine approaches have a high potential to enhance conventional diagnostics, drugs vaccines. In fact, lipid nanoparticle/mRNA vaccines are already widely used protect from COVID-19. this review, we present an overview of the taxonomy, structure, variants concern, epidemiology, pathophysiology detection methods SARS-CoV-2. efforts repurposing, tailoring, adapting pre-existing medications battle COVID-19 state vaccine developments presented. Next, discuss broad concepts limitations how nanomedicine could address threat. Nanomaterials particles in nanometer scale (10-100 nm) which possess unique properties related their size, polarity, structural chemical composition. Nanoparticles can be composed precious metals (copper, silver, gold), inorganic materials (graphene, silicon), proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, RNA/DNA, or conjugates, combinations polymers all aforementioned. advanced biochemical features these nanoscale allow them directly interact with virions irreversibly disrupt render incapable replicating within host. Virus-neutralizing coats surfaces impregnated nanomaterials personal protective equipment, hand sanitizers air filter systems. drug-based therapies by optimizing uptake, stability, target cell-specific delivery, magnetic properties. recent studies highlighted nanoparticles different aspects fight against SARS-CoV-2, such as enhancing biosensors diagnostic tests, drug therapies, designing new delivery mechanisms, This article summarizes ongoing research on strategies, treatments, for COVID-19, while emphasizing nanoparticle-based pharmaceuticals

Language: Английский

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Pandemic-response adenoviral vector and RNA vaccine manufacturing

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: March 2, 2022

Rapid global COVID-19 pandemic response by mass vaccination is currently limited the rate of vaccine manufacturing. This study presents a techno-economic feasibility assessment and comparison three production platform technologies deployed during pandemic: (1) adenovirus-vectored (AVV) vaccines, (2) messenger RNA (mRNA) (3) newer self-amplifying (saRNA) vaccines. Besides assessing baseline performance process, impact key design operational uncertainties on productivity cost these platforms quantified using variance-based sensitivity analysis. Cost resource requirement projections are computed for manufacturing multi-billion doses covering current demand shortage providing annual booster immunisations. The model-based provides insights to policymakers manufacturers risk analysis, asset utilisation, directions future technology improvements epidemic/pandemic preparedness, given disease-agnostic nature platforms.

Language: Английский

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Viral vector and nucleic acid vaccines against COVID-19: A narrative review

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 31, 2022

After about 2 years since the first detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections in Wuhan, China, December 2019 that resulted a worldwide pandemic, 6.2 million deaths have been recorded. As result, there is an urgent need for development safe and effective vaccine disease (COVID-19). Endeavors production vaccines inexhaustibly are continuing. At present according to World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 tracker landscape, 153 candidates developing clinical phase all over world. Some new exciting platforms nucleic acid-based such as Pfizer Biontech Moderna consisting messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding viral spike protein host cells. Another novel platform vector could be replicating or nonreplicating. These types harmless like adenovirus contain genome SARS-CoV-2, which induces significant immune responses. This technology manufacturing has previously used many human trials conducted adenoviral vector-based against different infectious agents, including Ebola virus, Zika HIV, malaria. In this paper, we review passing their 3 4 discuss efficiency adverse effects.

Language: Английский

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