Angewandte Chemie,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
135(49)
Published: Oct. 11, 2023
Abstract
One
of
the
key
challenges
metallo‐supramolecular
chemistry
is
to
maintain
ease
self‐assembly
but,
at
same
time,
create
structures
increasingly
high
levels
complexity.
In
palladium(II)
quadruply
stranded
lantern‐shaped
cages,
this
has
been
achieved
through
either
1)
formation
heteroleptic
(multi‐ligand)
assemblies,
or
2)
homoleptic
assemblies
from
low‐symmetry
ligands.
Heteroleptic
cages
formed
ligands,
a
hybid
these
two
approaches,
would
add
an
additional
rich
level
complexity
but
no
examples
have
reported.
Here
we
use
system
ancillary
complementary
ligand
pairings
termini
cage
ligands
target
assemblies:
pairs
can
only
interact
(through
coordination
single
Pd(II)
metal
ion)
between
in
cis
position
on
cage.
Complementarity
each
pair
(and
orthogonality
other
pairs)
controlled
by
denticity
(tridentate
monodentate
bidentate
bidentate)
and/or
hydrogen‐bonding
capability
(AA
DD
AD
DA).
This
allows
positional
and
orientational
control
over
with
different
sites.
By
using
approach,
successfully
used
synthesise
complex
including
example
four
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
63(23)
Published: April 3, 2024
Abstract
Controlling
supramolecular
systems
between
different
functional
forms
by
utilizing
acids/bases
as
stimuli
is
a
formidable
challenge,
especially
where
labile
coordination
bonds
are
involved.
A
pair
of
acid/base
responsive,
interconvertible
1,5‐enedione/pyrylium
based
Pd
2
L
4
‐type
cages
prepared
that
exhibit
differential
guest
binding
abilities
towards
disulfonates
varied
sizes.
three‐state
switch
has
been
achieved,
(i)
weakly
coordinating
base
induced
cage‐to‐cage
transformation
in
the
first
step,
(ii)
strongly
triggered
cage
disassembly
second
and
(iii)
third
step
shows
acid(strong)
promoted
generation
initial
cage,
thereby
completing
cycle.
To
our
surprise,
specific
disulfonate
facilitated
transformations
inducing
strain
on
assembly
opening
pyrylium
rings
cage.
Through
competitive
study,
we
demonstrated
superior
capability
octacationic
pyrylium‐based
over
similar‐sized
tetracationic
These
results
provide
reliable
approach
to
reversibly
modulate
properties
acid/base‐responsive
self‐assembled
cages.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
62(51)
Published: Oct. 27, 2023
Metal-organic
cages
(MOCs)
are
popular
host
architectures
assembled
from
ligands
and
metal
ions/nodes.
Assembling
structurally
complex,
low-symmetry
MOCs
with
anisotropic
cavities
can
be
limited
by
the
formation
of
statistical
isomer
libraries.
We
set
out
to
investigate
use
primary
coordination-sphere
engineering
(CSE)
bias
selectivity
within
homo-
heteroleptic
Pd
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
62(49)
Published: Oct. 11, 2023
One
of
the
key
challenges
metallo-supramolecular
chemistry
is
to
maintain
ease
self-assembly
but,
at
same
time,
create
structures
increasingly
high
levels
complexity.
In
palladium(II)
quadruply
stranded
lantern-shaped
cages,
this
has
been
achieved
through
either
1)
formation
heteroleptic
(multi-ligand)
assemblies,
or
2)
homoleptic
assemblies
from
low-symmetry
ligands.
Heteroleptic
cages
formed
ligands,
a
hybid
these
two
approaches,
would
add
an
additional
rich
level
complexity
but
no
examples
have
reported.
Here
we
use
system
ancillary
complementary
ligand
pairings
termini
cage
ligands
target
assemblies:
pairs
can
only
interact
(through
coordination
single
Pd(II)
metal
ion)
between
in
cis
position
on
cage.
Complementarity
each
pair
(and
orthogonality
other
pairs)
controlled
by
denticity
(tridentate
monodentate
bidentate
bidentate)
and/or
hydrogen-bonding
capability
(AA
DD
AD
DA).
This
allows
positional
and
orientational
control
over
with
different
sites.
By
using
approach,
successfully
used
synthesise
complex
including
example
four
Chemical Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Hydrogels
with
Pd
n
L
2
-type
junctions
can
be
obtained
by
photoinitiated
copolymerization
of
palladium
cages
acrylamide
monomers
in
water.
The
dynamic
nature
the
cage
crosslinks
allows
for
an
anion-induced
switch
network
topology.
Chemistry - A European Journal,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
30(10)
Published: July 19, 2023
Recent
trends
in
catalysis
are
devoted
to
mimicking
some
peculiar
features
of
enzymes
like
site
selectivity,
through
functional
group
recognition,
and
substrate
recognition
the
entire
surface
substrate.
The
latter
is
a
specific
feature
that
seldomly
present
homogeneous
catalysis.
Supramolecular
catalysis,
thanks
self-assembly
simple
subunits,
enables
creation
cavities
surfaces
whose
confinement
effects
drive
preferential
binding
among
others
with
consequent
selectivity.
topic
an
emerging
field
exploits
phenomena
discriminate
reagents
based
on
their
size
shape.
This
review
deals
this
cutting-edge
research
covering
examples
supramolecular
self-assembled
molecular
containers
catalysts
operating
organic
as
well
aqueous
media,
special
emphasis
for
catalytic
systems
dealing
direct
competitive
experiments
involving
two
or
more
substrates.
Angewandte Chemie,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
135(51)
Published: Oct. 27, 2023
Abstract
Metal‐organic
cages
(MOCs)
are
popular
host
architectures
assembled
from
ligands
and
metal
ions/nodes.
Assembling
structurally
complex,
low‐symmetry
MOCs
with
anisotropic
cavities
can
be
limited
by
the
formation
of
statistical
isomer
libraries.
We
set
out
to
investigate
use
primary
coordination‐sphere
engineering
(CSE)
bias
selectivity
within
homo‐
heteroleptic
Pd
n
L
2
cages.
Unexpected
differences
in
selectivities
between
alternative
donor
groups
led
us
recognise
significant
impact
second
coordination
sphere
on
stabilities.
From
this,
molecular‐level
insight
into
origins
cis
trans
diastereoisomers
was
gained,
highlighting
importance
both
host–guest
host‐solvent
interactions,
addition
ligand
design.
This
detailed
understanding
allows
precision
MOC
assemblies
without
wholesale
redesign
framework,
fundamentally
provides
a
theoretical
scaffold
for
development
stimuli‐responsive,
shape‐shifting
MOCs.
Angewandte Chemie,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
136(23)
Published: April 3, 2024
Abstract
Controlling
supramolecular
systems
between
different
functional
forms
by
utilizing
acids/bases
as
stimuli
is
a
formidable
challenge,
especially
where
labile
coordination
bonds
are
involved.
A
pair
of
acid/base
responsive,
interconvertible
1,5‐enedione/pyrylium
based
Pd
2
L
4
‐type
cages
prepared
that
exhibit
differential
guest
binding
abilities
towards
disulfonates
varied
sizes.
three‐state
switch
has
been
achieved,
(i)
weakly
coordinating
base
induced
cage‐to‐cage
transformation
in
the
first
step,
(ii)
strongly
triggered
cage
disassembly
second
and
(iii)
third
step
shows
acid(strong)
promoted
generation
initial
cage,
thereby
completing
cycle.
To
our
surprise,
specific
disulfonate
facilitated
transformations
inducing
strain
on
assembly
opening
pyrylium
rings
cage.
Through
competitive
study,
we
demonstrated
superior
capability
octacationic
pyrylium‐based
over
similar‐sized
tetracationic
These
results
provide
reliable
approach
to
reversibly
modulate
properties
acid/base‐responsive
self‐assembled
cages.