Open Life Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Neuroinflammation,
characterized
by
microglial
activation
and
the
subsequent
secretion
of
inflammatory
cytokines,
plays
a
pivotal
role
in
neurodegenerative
diseases
brain
injuries,
often
leading
to
neuronal
damage
death.
Alleviating
neuroinflammation
has
thus
emerged
as
promising
strategy
protect
neurons
ameliorate
disorders.
While
peroxisome
proliferator-activated
receptor
gamma
(PPARγ)
agonists
have
demonstrated
potential
therapeutic
actions
on
neuroinflammation,
their
prolonged
use,
such
with
rosiglitazone,
can
lead
cardiac
risks
lipid
differentiation
In
this
study,
we
investigated
effects
newly
synthesized
PPARγ
agonist,
VSP-2,
cytokines
BV2
cells.
Treatment
VSP-2
significantly
reduced
mRNA
protein
levels
proinflammatory
interleukin-1β
(IL-1β),
IL-6,
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
(TNF-α).
Furthermore,
attenuated
phosphorylation
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
(NF-κB)
(65
kD)
IκBα,
well
translocation
NF-κB
kD).
Additionally,
use
small
interfering
RNA
was
able
attenuate
pathway.
conclusion,
our
findings
suggest
that
effectively
suppressed
expressions
IL-1β,
TNF-α
via
PPARγ/NF-κB
signaling
Given
its
benefits,
may
emerge
candidate
for
treatment
or
injuries
associated
neuroinflammation.
Neuron,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
112(3), P. 342 - 361
Published: Nov. 14, 2023
Physical
forces
are
ubiquitous
in
biological
processes
across
scales
and
diverse
contexts.
This
review
highlights
the
significance
of
mechanical
nervous
system
development,
homeostasis,
disease.
We
provide
an
overview
signals
present
delve
into
mechanotransduction
mechanisms
translating
these
cues
biochemical
signals.
During
regulate
a
plethora
processes,
including
cell
proliferation,
differentiation,
migration,
network
formation,
cortex
folding.
Forces
then
continue
exerting
their
influence
on
physiological
such
as
neuronal
activity,
glial
function,
interplay
between
different
types.
Notably,
changes
tissue
mechanics
manifest
neurodegenerative
diseases
brain
tumors,
potentially
offering
new
diagnostic
therapeutic
target
opportunities.
Understanding
role
cellular
physiology
pathology
adds
facet
to
neurobiology,
shedding
light
many
that
remain
incompletely
understood.
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
273, P. 116502 - 116502
Published: May 14, 2024
The
cation
channel
Piezo1,
a
crucial
mechanotransducer
found
in
various
organs
and
tissues,
has
gained
considerable
attention
as
therapeutic
target
recent
years.
Following
this
trend,
several
Piezo1
inhibitors
have
been
discovered
studied
for
potential
pharmacological
properties.
This
review
provides
an
overview
of
the
structural
functional
importance
well
discussing
biological
activities
based
on
their
mechanism
action.
compounds
addressed
include
toxin
GsMTx4,
Aβ
peptides,
certain
fatty
acids,
ruthenium
red
gadolinium,
Dooku1,
natural
products
tubeimoside
I,
salvianolic
acid
B,
jatrorrhzine,
escin.
findings
revealed
that
misexpression
can
be
associated
with
number
chronic
diseases,
including
hypertension,
cancer,
hemolytic
anemia.
Consequently,
inhibiting
subsequent
calcium
influx
beneficial
effects
pathological
processes,
shown
by
many
vitro
vivo
studies.
However,
development
is
still
its
beginnings,
opportunities
challenges
remaining
to
explored.
Neuroglia,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(4), P. 410 - 444
Published: Oct. 21, 2024
Microglia,
the
unique
and
motile
immune
cells
of
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
function
as
a
security
guard
in
maintaining
CNS
homeostasis,
primarily
through
calcium
signaling.
The
dynamics
microglia
control
important
functions
such
phagocytosis,
cytokine
release,
migration.
Calcium
dysregulation
has
been
linked
to
several
disorders,
like
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
Parkinson’s
(PD),
multiple
sclerosis
(MS),
ischemic
stroke
(IS).
entering
channels
voltage-gated
(VGCCs),
store-operated
entry
(SOCE),
transient
receptor
potential
(TRP)
is
essential
for
microglial
activation
pro-inflammatory
responses.
Under
pathological
conditions,
formation
amyloid-β
plaques
AD,
aggregation
α-synuclein
PD,
oxidative
stress
MS,
exacerbates
neuroinflammation,
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
neurodegeneration.
Therapeutic
strategies
targeting
signaling
pathways,
using
channel
blockers
antioxidant
interventions,
show
promise
alleviating
slowing
down
progression.
This
review
summarizes
underlying
mechanisms
therapeutic
benefits
restoring
balance
disorders.
Brain and Behavior,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(9)
Published: June 27, 2023
Abstract
Background
The
brain
is
a
highly
mechanosensitive
organ,
and
changes
in
the
mechanical
properties
of
tissue
influence
many
physiological
pathological
processes.
Piezo
type
ion
channel
component
1
(Piezo1),
protein
found
metazoans,
expressed
involved
sensing
microenvironment.
Numerous
studies
have
shown
that
Piezo1‐mediated
mechanotransduction
closely
related
to
glial
cell
activation
neuronal
function.
However,
precise
role
Piezo1
requires
further
elucidation.
Objective
This
review
first
discusses
roles
regulating
functions
variety
cells,
then
briefly
assesses
impact
on
progression
dysfunctional
disorders.
Conclusions
Mechanical
signaling
contributes
significantly
regulates
processes
such
as
differentiation,
migration,
axon
guidance,
neural
regeneration,
oligodendrocyte
myelination.
Additionally,
plays
significant
normal
aging
injury,
well
development
various
diseases,
including
demyelinating
Alzheimer's
disease,
tumors.
Investigating
pathophysiological
mechanisms
through
which
affects
function
will
give
us
novel
entry
point
for
diagnosis
treatment
numerous
diseases.
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
Osteoarthritis
(OA)
significantly
impacts
the
elderly,
leading
to
disability
and
decreased
quality
of
life.
While
hyaluronic
acid
(HA)
chondroitin
sulfate
(CS)
are
recognized
for
their
therapeutic
potential
in
OA,
effects
on
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
degradation
not
well
understood.
This
study
investigates
impact
HA
CS,
individually
combined,
ECM
OA
underlying
mechanisms.
IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
72(2), P. 191 - 201
Published: Jan. 3, 2025
Amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS)
is
a
progressively
worsening
neurodegenerative
condition
with
very
few
treatment
options
available.
Ultrasound
neuromodulation
offers
promising
benefits
for
treating
diseases
such
as
Parkinson's
and
Alzheimer's
diseases.
However,
the
effects
underlying
mechanisms
of
ultrasound
on
ALS
remain
unclear.
A
head-mounted
system
was
developed
to
noninvasively
stimulate
motor
cortex
symptomatic
mice
carrying
G93A
human
SOD1
mutation
(SOD1G93A)
four
weeks.
Motor
performance
assessed
through
rotarod
locomotor
test,
grip
strength
open
field
test.
Additionally,
effect
stimulation
elastic
modulus
gastrocnemius
muscle
atrophy
measured
using
real-time
shear
wave
elastography.
Subsequently,
brain
tissues
were
harvested.
Gastrocnemius
morphology
examined
Hematoxylin-eosin
Gomori
Aldehyde-Fuchsin
staining.
The
number
neurons
phenotype
microglia
in
observed
by
immunohistochemical
analysis.
therapy
delayed
disease
onset
10.7%
increased
lifespan
6.7%
SOD1G93A
reduction
neuronal
loss
enhancement
M2
cortex.
Furthermore,
we
found
significant
improvements
function
ultrasound-treated
mice.
More
importantly,
ameliorated
These
results
revealed
neuroprotective
against
pathogenesis
Transcranial
provides
an
innovative
tool
intervention
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Ischemic
retinopathies
are
the
major
causes
of
blindness,
yet
effective
early-stage
treatments
remain
limited
due
to
an
incomplete
understanding
underlying
molecular
mechanisms.
Significant
changes
in
gene
expression
often
precede
structural
and
functional
alterations.
Transfer
RNA
(tRNA)-derived
small
RNAs
(tsRNAs)
emerging
as
novel
regulators,
involved
various
biological
processes
human
diseases.
In
this
study,
tsRNA-Gln-i-0095
was
identified
a
regulator,
which
significantly
upregulated
retinal
ischemia/reperfusion
(I/R)
injury.
Reducing
levels
suppressed
reactive
gliosis,
lowered
inflammatory
cytokine
levels,
protected
ganglion
cells
from
I/R
These
effects
led
reduced
damage,
inhibited
glial
activation
inflammation,
enhanced
neuronal
function.
Mechanistically,
downregulated
NFIA
TGFBR2
through
miRNA-like
mechanism.
Collectively,
study
highlights
potential
targeting
therapeutic
approach
reduce
injury
preserve
visual
