Predicting memory from the network structure of naturalistic events

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 22, 2022

Abstract When we remember events, often do not only recall individual but also the connections between them. However, extant research has focused on how humans segment and discrete events from continuous input, with far less attention given to structure of impacts memory. Here conduct a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in which participants watch series realistic audiovisual narratives. By transforming narratives into networks demonstrate that more central events—those stronger semantic or causal other events—are better remembered. During encoding, evoke larger hippocampal event boundary responses associated memory formation. recall, high centrality is activation cortical areas involved episodic recollection, similar neural representations across individuals. Together, these results suggest when encode retrieve complex real-world experiences, reliability accessibility shaped by their location within network events.

Language: Английский

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The neural bases for timing of durations

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(11), P. 646 - 665

Published: Sept. 12, 2022

Language: Английский

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Event boundaries shape temporal organization of memory by resetting temporal context

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

In memory, our continuous experiences are broken up into discrete events. Boundaries between events known to influence the temporal organization of memory. However, how and through which mechanism event boundaries shape order memory (TOM) remains unknown. Across four experiments, we show that exert a dual role: improving TOM for items within an impairing across Decreasing length in list enhances TOM, but only at earlier local positions, effect term primacy effect. A computational model, associated context signal drifts over time resets captures all behavioural results. Our findings provide unified algorithmic understanding why affect reconciling long-standing paradox both contextual similarity dissimilarity promote TOM.

Language: Английский

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Laboratory models of post-traumatic stress disorder: The elusive bridge to translation

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(11), P. 1754 - 1776

Published: March 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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Neural event segmentation of continuous experience in human infants

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(43)

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

How infants experience the world is fundamental to understanding their cognition and development. A key principle of adult that, despite receiving continuous sensory input, we perceive this input as discrete events. Here investigate such event segmentation in how it differs from adults. Research on often uses simplified tasks which (adult) experimenters help solve problem for by defining boundaries or presenting actions/vignettes. This presupposes events are experienced leaves open questions about principles governing infant segmentation. We take a different, data-driven approach studying input. collected whole-brain functional MRI (fMRI) data awake (and adults, comparison) watching cartoon used hidden Markov model identify states brain. quantified existence, timescale, organization multiple-event representations across brain regions. The exhibited known hierarchical gradient timescales, shorter early visual regions longer later associative In contrast, represented only events, even regions, with no timescale hierarchy. these partially overlapped defined activity behavioral judgments. These findings suggest that organized differently infants, timescales more stable neural patterns, may indicate greater temporal integration reduced precision during dynamic, naturalistic perception.

Language: Английский

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Schema representations in distinct brain networks support narrative memory during encoding and retrieval

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 8, 2022

Schematic prior knowledge can scaffold the construction of event memories during perception and also provide structured cues to guide memory search retrieval. We measured activation story-specific schematic representations using fMRI while participants were presented with 16 stories then recalled each narratives, related these activations for specific story details. predicted that schema in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) would be correlated successful recall In keeping this prediction, an anterior mPFC region showed a significant correlation between at encoding subsequent behavioral performance; however, was not implicated representation More generally, our analyses revealed largely distinct brain networks retrieval which recall. These results new insight into when where support narrative memory.

Language: Английский

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A partially nested cortical hierarchy of neural states underlies event segmentation in the human brain

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Sept. 16, 2022

A fundamental aspect of human experience is that it segmented into discrete events. This may be underpinned by transitions between distinct neural states. Using an innovative data-driven state segmentation method, we investigate how states are organized across the cortical hierarchy and where in cortex boundaries perceived event overlap. Our results show a temporal hierarchy, with short primary sensory regions, long lateral medial prefrontal cortex. State shared within groups brain regions resemble well-known functional networks. Perceived overlap large parts particularly when those demarcate strong transition or regions. Taken together, these findings suggest partially nested forms basis segmentation.

Language: Английский

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Large-scale neural dynamics in a shared low-dimensional state space reflect cognitive and attentional dynamics

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 3, 2023

Cognition and attention arise from the adaptive coordination of neural systems in response to external internal demands. The low-dimensional latent subspace that underlies large-scale dynamics relationships these cognitive attentional states, however, are unknown. We conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging as human participants performed tasks, watched comedy sitcom episodes an educational documentary, rested. Whole-brain traversed a common set states spanned canonical gradients brain organization, with global desynchronization among networks modulating state transitions. Neural were synchronized across people during engaging movie watching aligned narrative event structures. reflected fluctuations such different indicated engaged task naturalistic contexts, whereas lapses both contexts. Together, results demonstrate traversals along organization reflect dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Memory consolidation during sleep involves context reinstatement in humans

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(4), P. 112331 - 112331

Published: April 1, 2023

New memories are not quarantined from each other when first encoded; rather, they interlinked with that were encoded in temporal proximity or share semantic features. By selectively biasing memory processing during sleep, here we test whether context influences sleep consolidation. Participants formed 18 idiosyncratic narratives, linking four objects together. Before also memorized an on-screen position for object. During 12 object-specific sounds unobtrusively presented, thereby cuing the corresponding spatial and impacting recall as a function of initial strength. As hypothesized, find non-cued contextually linked cued changed. Post-cue electrophysiological responses suggest activity sigma band supports reinstatement predicts context-related benefits. Concurrently, context-specific patterns emerge sleep. We conclude reactivation individual evokes their context, consolidation associated knowledge.

Language: Английский

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Evidence That Event Boundaries Are Access Points for Memory Retrieval

Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 326 - 344

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

When recalling memories, we often scan information-rich continuous episodes, for example, to find our keys. How does brain access and search through those memories? We suggest that high-level structure, marked by event boundaries, guides us this process: In computational model, memory scanning is sped up skipping ahead the next boundary upon reaching a decision threshold. adult Mechanical Turk workers from United States, used movie (normed boundaries; Study 1,

Language: Английский

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