Animals,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(21), P. 3304 - 3304
Published: Oct. 24, 2023
Cetaceans
are
of
scientific
interest
because
they
good
candidates
as
environmental
bioindicators.
However,
in
vivo
research
is
arduous
and
vitro
studies
represent
a
rarely
used
valid
alternative.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
membrane-bound
structures
playing
roles
cell-to-cell
communication.
Despite
being
promising
investigative
tool
different
fields
science,
EVs
have
been
poorly
studied
cetaceans.
To
fill
this
gap,
we
describe
the
preliminary
characterization
isolated
from
bottlenose
dolphin
Cuvier’s
beaked
whale
cell
line.
with
ultracentrifugation
(UC)
or
size
exclusion
chromatography
(SEC)
characterized
nanoparticle
tracking
analysis
(NTA),
Western
blotting
(WB),
scanning
transmission
electron
microscopy
(STEM).
UC
SEC
allowed
isolation
mainly
small
(<200
nm).
A
higher
number
particles
were
through
compared
to
both
lines.
At
WB,
all
expressed
EV-markers
CD9
integrin-β.
Only
positive
for
TSG101.
In
conclusion,
first
time
line
using
two
techniques.
Further
on
cell-derived
will
be
useful
deepen
our
knowledge
cetacean
pathophysiology
health
status
assessment.
Food & Function,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Plant-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(PDEVs)
are
nanoscale
released
from
plant
cells
into
the
space.
While
similar
in
structure
and
function
to
mammalian-derived
EVs,
PDEVs
unique
due
their
origin
specific
metabolites
they
carry.
have
gained
significant
attention
recent
years,
with
numerous
reports
isolating
different
various
plants,
each
exhibiting
diverse
biological
functions.
However,
field
is
still
its
early
stages,
many
issues
need
further
exploration.
To
better
develop
utilize
PDEVs,
it
essential
a
comprehensive
understanding
of
characteristics.
This
review
provides
an
overview
advances
PDEV
research.
It
focuses
on
methods
techniques
for
purifying
comparing
respective
advantages,
limitations,
application
scenarios.
Furthermore,
we
discuss
latest
discoveries
regarding
composition
including
lipids,
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
metabolites.
Additionally,
detail
advanced
studies
multiple
functions
PDEVs.
Our
goal
advance
our
encourage
exploration
PDEV-based
science
technology,
offering
insights
potential
applications
human
health.
Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(8), P. 1138 - 1138
Published: Aug. 16, 2023
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
include
exosomes,
microvesicles,
and
apoptotic
bodies.
EVs
are
released
by
all
cell
types
found
in
biological
fluids
including
plasma
urine.
Urinary
extracellular
(uEVs)
a
mixed
population
of
that
comprise
small
filtered
excreted,
secreted
tubular
epithelial
cells,
from
the
bladder,
urethra,
prostate.
The
packaged
cargo
within
uEVs
includes
bioactive
molecules
such
as
metabolites,
lipids,
proteins,
mRNAs,
miRNAs.
These
involved
intercellular
communication,
elicit
changes
intracellular
signaling
pathways,
play
role
pathogenesis
various
diseases
diabetes-associated
hypertension
diabetic
nephropathy.
represent
rich
source
biomarkers,
prognosis
markers,
can
be
loaded
with
small-molecule
drugs
vehicle
for
delivery.
Oncology Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18
Published: May 23, 2024
Kidney
cancer
is
the
14th
most
common
globally.
The
5-year
relative
survival
rate
of
kidney
at
a
localized
stage
92.9%
and
it
declines
to
17.4%
in
metastatic
stage.
Currently,
accurate
method
its
diagnosis
tissue
biopsy.
However,
invasive
costly
nature
biopsies
makes
undesirable
many
patients.
Therefore,
novel
biomarkers
for
prognosis
should
be
explored.
Urinary
extracellular
vesicles
(uEVs)
are
small
(50–200
nm)
urine
carrying
nucleic
acids,
proteins
lipids
as
their
cargos.
These
uEVs’
cargos
can
provide
non-invasive
alternative
monitor
health.
In
this
review,
we
have
summarized
recent
studies
investigating
potential
use
diagnosis,
therapeutic
intervention.
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 18, 2024
Abstract
Objective
Isolated
REM
sleep
behavior
disorder
(iRBD)
is
considered
as
the
strongest
predictor
of
Parkinson's
disease
(PD).
Reliable
and
accurate
biomarkers
for
iRBD
detection
prediction
phenoconversion
are
in
urgent
need.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
whether
α‐Synuclein
(α‐Syn)
species
plasma
neuron‐derived
extracellular
vesicles
(NDEVs)
could
differentiate
between
patients
healthy
controls
(HCs).
Methods
Nanoscale
flow
cytometry
was
used
detect
α‐Syn‐containing
NDEVs
plasma.
Results
A
total
54
53
HCs
were
recruited.
The
concentrations
α‐Syn,
α‐Syn
aggregates,
phosphorylated
at
Ser129
(pS129)‐containing
individuals
significantly
higher
than
those
(
p
<
0.0001
all).
In
distinguishing
HCs,
area
under
receiver
operating
characteristic
(ROC)
curve
(AUC)
an
integrative
model
incorporating
levels
pS129,
aggregate‐containing
0.965.
achieved
a
sensitivity
94.3%
specificity
88.9%.
group,
exhibited
negative
correlation
with
Sniffin’
Sticks
olfactory
scores
r
=
−0.351,
0.039).
Smokers
lower
aggregates
pS129‐containing
compared
nonsmokers
0.014;
pS129
0.003).
Interpretation
current
demonstrated
that
HCs.
species‐containing
may
serve
iRBD.
Veterinary Clinical Pathology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 21, 2024
Abstract
Urinary
extracellular
vesicles
(UEVs)
are
membranous
particles
that
carry
renal
tubular
transporter
proteins.
Here,
we
evaluate
whether
selected
proteins
can
be
detected
in
UEVs
isolated
from
small
volume
(1–5
mL)
canine
urine
samples
of
healthy
dogs
and
patients
with
elevated
circulating
parathyroid
hormone
(PTH)/PTH‐related
peptide
(PTHrp)
concentrations,
hypercortisolism,
primary
hypoadrenocorticism
using
liquid
chromatography–tandem
mass
spectrometry
(LC–MS/MS).
The
total
creatinine
content
each
sample
was
calculated
concentration.
were
by
size
exclusion
chromatography
prior
to
quantification
nanoparticle
tracking
analysis
proteomic
LC–MS/MS.
Group
comparisons
made
non‐parametric
statistics.
Aquaporin‐2
(AQP2)
the
sodium/phosphate
co‐transporter
(NPT2A)
almost
all
but
not
most
PTH/PTH
related
hypercortisolism
hypoadrenocorticism.
Total
strongly
positively
correlated
number
(
r
s
=
.84,
P
<
.001);
thus,
used
as
a
surrogate
marker
UEV
number.
In
dogs,
AQP2
NPT2A
both
containing
at
least
1.7
×
10
9
or
24
μmol
creatinine,
however
non‐healthy
up
6.3
32
creatinine.
Kidney International,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles,
small
membrane-bound
packages
secreted
by
virtually
all
cells
of
the
body,
have
become
a
focus
interest
in
Nephrology
over
recent
years.
After
first
characterization
their
proteomic
and
transcriptomic
content,
scientific
attention
shifted
towards
potential
as
biomarkers
for
kidney
diseases
both
diagnostic
monitoring
tools.
More
recently,
researchers
begun
exploring
whether
extracellular
vesicles
mediate
intercellular
signaling
inside
nephron
between
other
organs
throughout
body.
Nevertheless,
field
vesicle
research
has
struggled
to
translate
major
findings
clinical
context
due
numerous
methods
separate
yielding
fractions
different
sizes
varying
purity,
unclear
terminology,
and,
hence,
limitations
concerning
reproducibility.
The
International
Society
Vesicles,
therefore,
striven
reduce
these
barriers
an
ongoing
initiative
increase
rigor
standardization
research.
"Minimal
information
studies
vesicles"
MISEV-guideline
is
result
this
its
now
3rd
iteration,
provides
most
concise
suggestions
investigating
date.
This
mini
review
illustrates
advances
made
nephrology
so
far
using
informative
examples,
outlines
former
MISEV
guidelines
what
utilizing
latest
iteration
holds.
annals of urologic oncology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 17, 2024
Renal
cancer
ranks
as
the
14th
most
common
globally,
with
renal
cell
carcinoma
(RCC)
being
primary
variant,
arising
from
tubular
epithelial
cells;
clear
RCC
constitutes
about
80%
of
cases.
Despite
their
limitations,
surgery
and
targeted
therapy
remain
mainstays
treatment.
Regardless
advancements
in
research,
substantial
obstacles
continue
to
exist,
such
delayed
diagnosis,
advanced
distant
metastasis,
drug
resistance.
As
urine
is
an
easily
accessible
biofluid,
identification
EVs
has
paved
way
for
novel
biomarker
research.
Urinary
extracellular
vesicles
(uEVs)
are
a
source
biomarkers
potential
applications
detection
management,
utilizing
less
invasive
approach.
New
data
indicate
that
uEVs
crucial
several
areas
RCC,
containing
tumor
development,
immune
evasion,
response
drugs.
These
facilitate
intercellular
communication
by
transporting
variety
bioactive
substances,
including
RNA,
DNA,
proteins,
lipids,
released
into
space
majority
types.
RNAs
proteins
presently
investigated
possible
application
diagnostic
different
types
kidney
cancer.
This
review
summarizes
recent
research
examining
cargo
prognosis,
treatment
Animals,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(21), P. 3304 - 3304
Published: Oct. 24, 2023
Cetaceans
are
of
scientific
interest
because
they
good
candidates
as
environmental
bioindicators.
However,
in
vivo
research
is
arduous
and
vitro
studies
represent
a
rarely
used
valid
alternative.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
membrane-bound
structures
playing
roles
cell-to-cell
communication.
Despite
being
promising
investigative
tool
different
fields
science,
EVs
have
been
poorly
studied
cetaceans.
To
fill
this
gap,
we
describe
the
preliminary
characterization
isolated
from
bottlenose
dolphin
Cuvier’s
beaked
whale
cell
line.
with
ultracentrifugation
(UC)
or
size
exclusion
chromatography
(SEC)
characterized
nanoparticle
tracking
analysis
(NTA),
Western
blotting
(WB),
scanning
transmission
electron
microscopy
(STEM).
UC
SEC
allowed
isolation
mainly
small
(<200
nm).
A
higher
number
particles
were
through
compared
to
both
lines.
At
WB,
all
expressed
EV-markers
CD9
integrin-β.
Only
positive
for
TSG101.
In
conclusion,
first
time
line
using
two
techniques.
Further
on
cell-derived
will
be
useful
deepen
our
knowledge
cetacean
pathophysiology
health
status
assessment.
