Advantages of Broad-Spectrum Influenza mRNA Vaccines and Their Impact on Pulmonary Influenza DOI Creative Commons
Ziqi Cheng, Junfeng Ma, Chenyan Zhao

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1382 - 1382

Published: Dec. 7, 2024

Influenza poses a significant global health challenge due to its rapid mutation and antigenic variability, which often leads seasonal epidemics frequent outbreaks. Traditional vaccines struggle offer comprehensive protection because of mismatches with circulating viral strains. The development broad-spectrum vaccine is therefore crucial. This paper explores the potential mRNA technology address these challenges by providing swift, adaptable, broad protective response against evolving influenza We detail mechanisms variation in viruses discuss design production, enhanced immunogenicity, encoding multiple antigens, safety stability compared traditional methods. By leveraging advantages, represent revolutionary approach prevention, potentially offering significantly improving management strategies.

Language: Английский

Circular RNAs in tumor immunity and immunotherapy DOI Creative Commons
Wenjie Zhang, Xu Chen, Zhipeng Yang

et al.

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are unique noncoding that have a closed and stable loop structure generated through backsplicing. Due to their conservation, stability tissue specificity, circRNAs can potentially be used as diagnostic indicators therapeutic targets for certain tumors. Many studies shown act microRNA (miRNA) sponges, engage in interactions with proteins translation templates regulate gene expression signal transduction, thereby participating the occurrence development of variety malignant Immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment cancer. Early researches indicated involved regulating tumor immune microenvironment antitumor immunity. CircRNAs may potential important increasing sensitivity immunotherapy expanding population patients who benefit from cancer immunotherapy. However, few investigated correlation between In this review, we summarize current on regulation different mechanisms value efficacy goal providing new

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Advances and applications of RNA vaccines in tumor treatment DOI Creative Commons

Ruohan Yang,

Jiuwei Cui

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Compared to other types of tumor vaccines, RNA vaccines have emerged as promising alternatives conventional vaccine therapy due their high efficiency, rapid development capability, and potential for low-cost manufacturing safe drug delivery. mainly include mRNA, circular (circRNA), Self-amplifying mRNA(SAM). Different platforms different tumors shown encouraging results in animal human models. This review comprehensively describes the advances applications antitumor therapy. Future directions extending this platform a wide range therapeutic uses are also discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Expanding the Potential of Circular RNA (CircRNA) Vaccines: A Promising Therapeutic Approach DOI Open Access

Tian Bu,

Wenlong Yang, Jian Zhao

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 379 - 379

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

In recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have garnered significant attention due to their unique structure and function, positioning them as promising candidates for next-generation vaccines. The circRNA vaccine, an RNA offers advantages in preventing infectious diseases by serving a vector protein expression through non-canonical translation. Notably, vaccines demonstrated enduring antigenic generate larger percentage of neutralizing antibodies compared mRNA administered at the same dosage. Furthermore, can elicit robust cellular humoral immunity, indicating potential tumor vaccine development. However, certain challenges must be addressed facilitate widespread use both disease prevention treatment. These include low efficiency linear circularization, suboptimal targeting delivery systems, assessment side effects. This work aims describe characteristics functions circRNAs, elucidate mechanism behind vaccines, discuss applications treatment tumors, along with future applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
tRNA-derived small RNAs: their role in the mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies of colorectal cancer DOI Creative Commons
Bo Zhang, Yi Pan, Zhe Li

et al.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with an increasing shift towards younger age onset. In recent years, there has been recognition significance tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), encompassing fragments (tRFs) tRNA halves (tiRNAs). Their involvement in regulating translation, gene expression, reverse transcription, epigenetics gradually come to light. Emerging research revealed dysregulation tsRNAs CRC, implicating their role CRC initiation progression, highlighting potential early diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic strategies. Although clinical application still its stages, findings highlight a close relationship between biogenesis function tsRNAs, chemical modifications, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Additionally, similar other RNAs, can be effectively delivered via nanoparticles (NPs). Consequently, future should focus on elucidating concerning base TIME regulation, immunotherapy, NPs delivery systems facilitate translation.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Development and Characterization of a miRNA-Responsive Circular RNA Expression System with Cell-Type Specificity DOI Creative Commons
Yu Ma, Yan Mao, Shirui Luo

et al.

Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(1), P. 102450 - 102450

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Recent advances and perspectives on the development of circular RNA cancer vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Zhaohui Gong, Wentao Hu, Chengwei Zhou

et al.

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

Engineered circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as promising platforms for RNA-based vaccines in cancer treatment. We summarize the recent advances of design, synthesis, and delivery circRNA-based vaccines, highlight applications challenges circRNA therapy. Further enhancements required areas such antigen selection, targeted delivery, multidimensional crosstalks, clinical trial assessments to advance efficacy safety cancer.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Role of the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis in Renal Cell Carcinoma: from gene regulation to metabolism and immunity DOI Creative Commons

Zhengjun Xu,

Yurong Dong,

Kun Cui

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(4), P. 112183 - 112183

Published: March 12, 2025

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), particularly clear RCC (ccRCC), has seen rising incidence and mortality rates. Early detection remains difficult due to nonspecific symptoms, often leading diagnoses at advanced stages unfavorable prognoses. Current treatments, including surgery, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, face limitations such as adverse reactions, drug resistance, immune evasion. This review discusses the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) their involvement in circRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis during progression. As competitive endogenous (ceRNAs), circRNAs regulate gene expression cellular processes, proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, resistance. Furthermore, we explore impact on tumor metabolic reprogramming influence microenvironment. We also summarize clinical prospects, challenges, future directions this field. A comprehensive understanding these complex interactions may provide new insights into diagnosis treatment RCC, ultimately overcoming existing challenges improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Roles of circRNAs in viral pathogenesis DOI Creative Commons
Jiayin Liu, Yiming Wang,

Meichun Zheng

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 13, 2025

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding with covalently closed circular structure, lacking 5’-caps or 3’-poly(A) tails. They relatively conserved, highly stable, and often exhibit tissue- cell-specific production in eukaryotic cells. Based on the advances sequencing technologies bioinformatics, multiple reports have suggested that viruses other microorganisms may encode circRNA-like molecules, providing new insights into physiological pathological roles circRNAs. The innate immune system functions as body’s primary defense mechanism against viral infections. It detects pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) activates signaling pathways to suppress replication limit their spread. CircRNAs involved regulation host play essential pathogenesis. has been shown circRNAs can regulate gene expression by acting miRNA sponges protein sponges, encoding small proteins specific cases. For example, previous studies revealed participate antiviral response through competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network sponges. This review highlights research progress host- virus-encoded host-virus interactions, well potential diagnostic biomarkers therapeutic targets clinical applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Advancements and challenges in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines DOI Creative Commons

Parminder Singh,

Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib,

R Roopashree

et al.

Oncology Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: March 14, 2025

Advancements in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines are ushering a new era oncology, targeting unique genetic alterations within tumors to enhance treatment precision and efficacy. Neoantigens, specific cells absent normal tissues, at the heart of these vaccines, promising direct immune system specifically against tumor, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. The identification neoantigens through genomic proteomic technologies is central developing allowing for precise mapping tumor's mutational landscape. Despite advancements, accurately predicting which will elicit strong responses remains challenging due tumor variability complexity interactions. This necessitates further refinement bioinformatics tools predictive models. Moreover, heavily depends on innovative delivery methods that neoantigen presentation system. Techniques like encapsulating lipid nanoparticles using viral vectors critical improving vaccine stability delivery. Additionally, contribute towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.8, promoting universal health coverage by advancing access safe effective treatments. review delves into potential transform treatment, examining both revolutionary advancements ongoing challenges they face.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Application of Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers, Therapies, and Novel Vaccines in Diseases DOI Open Access

Lu-Xuan Yang,

Hui Li, Zhihui Cheng

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3055 - 3055

Published: March 26, 2025

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of that largely lack the capacity to encode proteins. They have garnered significant attention due their central regulatory functions across numerous cellular and physiological processes at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational levels. Over past decade, ncRNA-based therapies gained considerable in diagnosis, treatment, prevention diseases, many studies revealed relationship between ncRNAs diseases. At same time, tissue specificity, an increasing number projects focused on application as biomarkers well design development novel vaccines for clinical use. These may also drive research into potential molecular mechanisms complex pathogenesis related However, new need be validated effectiveness. Additionally, produce safe stable RNA products, factors such purity, precise dosage, effective delivery methods must ensured achieve optimal bioactivity. challenges remain key issues ncRNAs. This review summarizes prospects biomarkers, current status applications vaccines, discusses expectations disease diagnosis drug therapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

0