Neuromodulation techniques – From non-invasive brain stimulation to deep brain stimulation

Neurotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. e00330 - e00330

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Over the past 30 years, field of neuromodulation has witnessed remarkable advancements. These developments encompass a spectrum techniques, both non-invasive and invasive, that possess ability to probe influence central nervous system. In many cases therapies have been adopted into standard care treatments. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current (tDCS), ultrasound (TUS) are most common methods in use today. Deep brain (DBS), spinal cord (SCS), vagus nerve (VNS), leading surgical for neuromodulation. Ongoing active clinical trials using uncovering novel applications paradigms these interventions.

Language: Английский

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Effects of different sonication parameters of theta burst transcranial ultrasound stimulation on human motor cortex

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 258 - 268

Published: March 1, 2024

BackgroundTheta burst TUS (tbTUS) can induce increased cortical excitability in human, but how different sonication parameters influence the effects are still unknown.ObjectiveTo examine a range of parameters, including acoustic intensity, pulse repetition frequency, duty cycle and duration, tbTUS on human motor excitability.Methods14 right-handed healthy subjects underwent 8 sessions with randomized, cross-over design separate days. The original protocol was studied one session parameter changed each seven sessions. To changes induced by tbTUS, we measured motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, resting threshold, short-interval intracortical inhibition facilitation, as well facilitation before up to 90 min after tbTUS.ResultsAll conditions MEP amplitudes except condition low intensity 10 W/cm2. Pulse frequency 5 Hz produced higher compared frequencies 2 Hz. In addition, cycles (5%, 10%, 15%) longer durations (40, 80, 120 s) were associated duration amplitudes. Resting threshold remained stable all conditions. For paired-pulse TMS measures, reduced enhanced had no effect facilitation.ConclusionsUltrasound bursts repeated at theta (∼5 Hz) is optimal produce 2–10 Furthermore, there dose-response regarding for plasticity induction. aftereffects shift inhibition/excitation balance toward less more excitation cortex. These findings be used determine neuroscience research treatment neurological psychiatric disorders.

Language: Английский

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A review of functional neuromodulation in humans using low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound

Biomedical Engineering Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 407 - 438

Published: March 2, 2024

Transcranial ultrasonic neuromodulation is a rapidly burgeoning field where low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS), with exquisite spatial resolution and deep tissue penetration, used to non-invasively activate or suppress neural activity in specific brain regions. Over the past decade, there has been rapid increase of tFUS studies healthy humans subjects central nervous system (CNS) disease conditions, including recent surge clinical investigations patients. This narrative review summarized findings human using either unfocused (TUS) reported from 2013 2023. The were categorized into two separate sections: research studies. A total 42 reviewed as grouped by targeted regions, various cortical, subcortical, areas thalamus. For research, 22 articles for each studied CNS condition, chronic pain, disorder consciousness, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's depression, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, substance use disorder, drug-resistant epilepsy, stroke. Detailed information on subjects/cohorts, target sonication parameters, outcome readouts, stimulatory efficacies tabulated study. In later sections, considerations planning also concisely discussed. With an excellent safety profile date, growth underscores increasing interest recognition its significant potential non-invasive stimulation (NIBS), offering theranostic neurological psychiatric conditions neuroscientific tools functional mapping.

Language: Английский

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Exploiting the mechanical effects of ultrasound for noninvasive therapy

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 385(6714)

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

Focused ultrasound is a platform technology capable of eliciting wide range biological responses with high spatial precision deep within the body. Although focused already in clinical use for focal thermal ablation tissue, there has been recent growth development and translation ultrasound-mediated nonthermal therapies. These approaches exploit physical forces to produce dependent on exposure conditions. This review discusses advances four application areas that have seen particular immense potential: brain drug delivery, neuromodulation, tissue destruction, endogenous immune system activation. Owing maturation transcranial technology, major target organ; however, indications outside are also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Sustained reduction of essential tremor with low-power non-thermal transcranial focused ultrasound stimulations in humans

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 636 - 647

Published: May 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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MR-guided focused ultrasound in movement disorders and beyond: Lessons learned and new frontiers

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 122, P. 106040 - 106040

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Advances in transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation for mental disorders

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111244 - 111244

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Plasticity‐Induced Effects of Theta Burst Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease

Movement Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(8), P. 1364 - 1374

Published: May 24, 2024

Abstract Background Low‐intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a noninvasive brain (NIBS) technique with high spatial specificity. Previous studies showed that TUS delivered in theta burst pattern (tbTUS) increased motor cortex (MI) excitability up to 30 minutes due long‐term potentiation (LTP)–like plasticity. Studies using other forms of NIBS suggested cortical plasticity may be impaired patients Parkinson's disease (PD). Objective The aim was investigate the neurophysiological effects tbTUS PD off and on dopaminergic medications compared healthy controls. Methods We studied 20 moderately affected medication states (7 13 without dyskinesia) 17 age‐matched controls case‐controlled study. applied for 80 seconds MI. Motor‐evoked potentials (MEP), short‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), facilitation (SICF) were recorded at baseline, 5 (T5), T30, T60 after tbTUS. Motor Unified Disease Rating Scale (mUPDRS) measured baseline T60. Results significantly MEP amplitude T30 but not medications. SICI reduced did change or SICF. bradykinesia subscore mUPDRS state. presence dyskinesia affect tbTUS‐induced Conclusions LTP restored by © 2024 Author(s). Movement Disorders published Wiley Periodicals LLC behalf International Parkinson Disorder Society.

Language: Английский

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Current state of clinical ultrasound neuromodulation

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: June 19, 2024

Unmatched by other non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, transcranial ultrasound (TUS) offers highly focal not only on the cortical surface but also in deep structures. These unique attributes are invaluable both basic and clinical research might open new avenues for treating neurological psychiatric diseases. Here, we provide a concise overview of expanding volume investigations recent years upcoming initiatives concerning focused neuromodulation. Currently, TUS addresses variety neuropsychiatric conditions, such as pain, dementia, movement disorders, epilepsy, disorders consciousness, developmental disorders. As demonstrated sham-controlled randomized studies, neuromodulation improved cognitive functions mood, alleviated symptoms schizophrenia autism. Further, preliminary uncontrolled evidence suggests relieved anxiety, enhanced motor reduced epileptic seizure frequency, responsiveness patients with minimally conscious state, well pain reduction after neuromodulatory TUS. While constrained relatively modest number investigations, primarily consisting feasibility trials small sample sizes, holds encouraging prospects Larger trials, alongside further into mechanisms action optimal sonication parameters, inevitably needed to unfold full potential

Language: Английский

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Low-intensity focused ultrasound to the posterior insula reduces temporal summation of pain

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 911 - 924

Published: July 1, 2024

The insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) are core brain regions involved in pain processing central sensitization, a shared mechanism across various chronic conditions. Methods to modulate these may serve reduce though it is unclear which target be most efficacious for different measures of sensitization.

Language: Английский

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