New Progress in the Application of Flame-Retardant Modified Epoxy Resins and Fire-Retardant Coatings

Coatings, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1663 - 1663

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Due to the enhancement of people’s environmental awareness, flame-retardant epoxy resin (EP) tends be non-toxic, efficient, and multi-functional, its development is systematic. At present, many new flame retardants or intrinsic modification methods reported in studies can effectively improve retardability thermal stability EP. However, aspects still need further improved. In this review, mechanism method resins are briefly analyzed. The research progress by physical addition chemical reaction summarized discussed. Furthermore, trend field fire-protective coatings discussed, future problems put forward. This work may provide some insights for design multi-functional integrated fireproof coatings.

Language: Английский

---

Flame-retardant epoxy thermosets derived from renewable resources: Research development and future perspectives

Journal of Material Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 29 - 40

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Nowadays, the predominant source for approximately 90% of epoxy resin materials worldwide is diglycidyl ether bisphenol A (DGEBA). However, increasing recognition environmental concerns, such as global warming and depletion petroleum reserves, necessitates exploration alternative options, specifically bio-epoxy derived from sustainable resources. Nonetheless, inadequate flame retardancy presents a notable drawback, limiting its applicability in high-risk environments. The objective this review article to provide concise overview latest up-to-date advances flame-retardant resins sources. Firstly, discussion encompasses inherently bio-based resins, considering both monomers curing agents, focusing on their mechanical properties. Furthermore, utilization phosphorus-containing silicon-containing additives explored. Additionally, comprehensive evaluation partially intrinsically retardant provided. Finally, offers an extensive survey current state-of-the-art field future perspectives, serving valuable resource researchers engaged study

Language: Английский

---

Enhance the fire safety of epoxy resin using ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant with the sandwich structure containing catalytic carbon formation function

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 141(26)

Published: April 20, 2024

Abstract Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is often used to construct intumescent flame retardant systems together, but it faced with the problem of adding too much retardant. This paper envisions construction a modified APP (TR@ZIFAPP) sandwich structure by method covering, which, in order endow better effect. By constructing metal catalytic layer and triazine carbon formation layer, has both phosphorus–nitrogen synergistic functions. TR@ZIFAPP expected be flame‐retardant polymer composites low addition requirements, epoxy resin (EP) reveals that could achieve optimal effect when amount was only 3 wt%. The UL‐94 rating reached V‐0 grade, two off‐fire auto‐ignition time levels were 0.7 s. analysis its mechanism showed EP mainly through rapid isolate oxygen dilute flammable gas reach strong

Language: Английский

---

Natural halloysite nanotubes decorated with organophosphorous for highly flame‐resistant epoxy composites

Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3), P. 825 - 842

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Abstract Highly flame‐resistant epoxy composites have important application value in many industrial fields. Unfortunately, resins (EPs) are inherently flammable materials and exhibit great fire hazard. In this study, the commercially available 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) was chemically immobilized on surface of natural halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) via linkage vinyltrimethoxysilane to obtain a novel flame‐retardant VD@HNTs containing P/Si/Al elements. It found that can effectively improve thermal stability flame resistance composites. Typically, when 10% is added EP, limiting oxygen index as‐prepared VD@HNTs/EP reaches 30.3%, it also successfully V‐0 classification UL‐94 test. Besides, ignition time enhanced from 42 s for pure EP 60 s, maximum heat release rate reduced 1221 758 kW∙m −2 . These findings promise an innovative efficient strategy improving safety products may offer valuable insight toward fabricating various organic–inorganic retardants as well highly polymer Highlights A elements prepared by chemical decoration HNTs with organophosphorous. The VD@HNT Synergistic mechanism phosphorus‐based classified.

Language: Английский

---

Liquid crystal epoxy composites based on functionalized boron nitride: Synthesis and thermal properties

Polymer Engineering and Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 63(3), P. 932 - 942

Published: Jan. 24, 2023

Abstract A composite was prepared by in‐situ polymerization of liquid crystal epoxy (LCE 4 ) with a low dielectric and high thermal conductivity boron nitride (BN) filler, which the filler (f‐BN) surface‐functionalized γ‐glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560) aminopropylisobutyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (NH 2 ‐POSS). The BN more uniformly dispersed in LCE , improved interfacial compatibility between inorganic organic phases. Compared pure KH560, NH ‐POSS modified f‐BN/LCE composites exhibited higher glass transition temperature, better stability, conductivity. For example, when f‐BN content reached 30 wt%, energy storage modulus increased to 2580 MPa, temperature 103°C. this wt% 0.48 W m −1 K 128.6% than that . In addition, hygroscopicity, properties were characterized analyzed explore application prospects electronic packaging high‐performance microelectronic devices.

Language: Английский

---

Dual-functional smart anti-corrosion coating based on Ti3C2Tx-MXene/Zr-UIO-66-NH2 reinforced epoxy

Progress in Organic Coatings, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 206, P. 109338 - 109338

Published: May 2, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C₃N₄) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications

Polymer Composites, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(11), P. 7585 - 7598

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Abstract The present work provides a facile process route for the syntheses of pyrimidinone‐based benzoxazines by using stoichiometric quantities pyrimidinone bisphenol (PBU) and paraformaldehyde, which are separately reacted with various types amines under suitable experimental conditions. molecular structure, curing characteristics, thermostability, hydrophobic behavior, dielectric properties were analyzed appropriate analytical methods. polymerization temperature ( T p ) monomers such as PBU‐oda, PBU‐cha, PBU‐ffa, PBU‐a, PBU‐fa was determined differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), values noted at 205, 198, 203, 218, 240°C, respectively. percentage carbon residue 850°C poly(PBU‐oda), poly(PBU‐cha), poly(PBU‐ffa), poly(PBU‐a), poly(PBU‐fa) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). water interface angle found to be 141°, 134°, 142°, 136°, results from studies indicate that (PBU‐ffa PBU‐a) composites reinforced palm flower silica (PF‐SiO 2 boron nitride‐g‐C 3 N 4 (BN‐g‐C low high applications. From these diverse studies, it can utilized high‐performance products in form encapsulants, potting agents, automotive microprocessor Highlights Pyrimidinone core has developed through efficient method. New based benzoxazine resins have been developed. BN‐g‐C filled polybenzoxazine prepared high‐k Palm ash low‐k Thermal morphological behavior studied.

Language: Английский

---

Preparation of phosphorus‐nitrogen flame retardant DOPO‐DBAPh and its flame retarded epoxy‐based composites

Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 398 - 409

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Abstract Novel double DOPO‐grafted phthalonitrile flame retardant (DOPO‐DBAPh) has been successfully synthesized via solution reaction with amino‐substituted monomer, bisphenol A, paraformaldehyde and 9, 10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) as initial materials. The molecular structure of DOPO‐DBAPh was investigated by FT‐IR 1 H‐NMR spectrum. Then, the added into epoxy (EP) to construct DOPO‐DBAPh/EP fire‐retarding composites casting forming method. effect different proportions on microstructure, thermal, mechanical, retardancy combustion behavior investigated. It found that have a high glass transition temperature ( T g = 156∼179°C), also excellent thermal stability 5% 331.4∼365.4°C) flexural strength (96.1∼139.8 MPa). When content is 5 wt%, vertical burning grade limiting oxygen index (LOI) reached V‐0 29.6%, respectively. Furthermore, cone calorimeter testing results showed addition DOPO‐BAPh can obviously inhibit decomposition rate cured substance at accelerated formation dense carbon layer. 20 total heat release (THR) peak (PHRR) were decreased 38.55% 35.81% compared EP. In word, this work presents good way for synthesizing economical highly efficient use in preparation EP‐based comprehensive performance. Highlights phosphorus‐nitrogen developed. wt% significantly improves fire safety EP resin. exhibit mechanical properties.

Language: Английский

---

Flame-Retardant and Transparent Unsaturated Polyester Based on P/N Liquid Flame Retardants and Modified Halloysite Nanotubes

Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 761 - 761

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) with excellent flame retardant is mainly obtained by adding large amounts of retardants, usually at the expense mechanical properties. In this work, a reactive containing phosphorus and nitrogen (DOPO-N) was successfully synthesized incorporated in UPR as crosslinker. The flame-retardant properties composites were enhanced. UPR/30DOPO-N passed UL-94 V-1 rating limiting oxygen index (LOI) 30.8%. tensile strength increased 24.4%. On basis, small amount modified HNTs (VHNTs) added to further improve composite. With introduction 3 wt% VHNTs, composite V-0 rating. peak heat release rate (PHRR) total (THR) it decreased 60.7% 48.3%, respectively. Moreover, detailed flame-retarding mechanism DOPO-N VHNTs investigated thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR), Raman spectra, X-ray photoelectron (XPS). It found that played role quenching gas phase cooperated enhance barrier effect condensed phase.

Language: Английский

---

Facile construction of polypyrrole microencapsulated γ‐Fe₂O₃ for simultaneously enhancing the flame retardancy and smoke toxicity suppression of intumescent flame‐retardant epoxy resins

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 141(18)

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Abstract For effectively strengthening the comprehensive properties of intumescent flame‐retardant epoxy resins (EPs), a microencapsulating γ‐Fe 2 O 3 by polypyrrole (PPy) named PPy‐Fe was synthesized and used as synergist to simultaneously enhance flame retardancy, smoke toxicity suppression mechanical strength EP composites containing diaminodiphenylmethane modified ammonium polyphosphate (DDP). The results demonstrate that mixture DDP exhibits surprising synergistic effect on composites. Specifically, composite 0.2 wt% 9.8 achieves UL94 V‐0 rating with limiting oxygen index (LOI) value 35.5%, while 10 only imparts V‐1 LOI 34.0% EP. Furthermore, shows 11.0% reduction in peak production rate 12.3% heat release EP/DDP system. enhanced fire security EP/DDP/PPy‐Fe is attributed formation more phosphorus‐rich structures retained char, thus reducing harmful gases including NH , CO, CO generating incombustible H weaken burning intensity. Meanwhile, satisfactory compatibility matrix superior

Language: Английский

---