Global incidence, prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for idiopathic epilepsy, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Background: Epilepsy poses a significant global health burden. And idiopathic epilepsy (IE) constitutes substantial proportion of cases worldwide Methods: First, numbers and age-standardized rates incidence, prevalence, deaths disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were assessed globally by sub-types in 2021. Furthermore, the temporal trend disease burden was explored linear regression model from 1990 to 2019. Finally, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) used predict future next 25 years. Results: Exposure IE contributed 3272734 24220856 139851 deaths, 13877827 DALYs Males high-risk populations higher socio-demographic index (SDI) regions areas. The varied considerably across GBD countries. From 2021, number increased. predicted results showed that for both genders would still increase 2022 2046. Conclusion: In conclusion, has threatened public globally. More proactive effective strategic measures should be developed after considering global-specific circumstances.

Language: Английский

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Sex and gender differences during the lung lifespan: unveiling a pivotal impact

European Respiratory Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34(175), P. 240121 - 240121

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Sex and gender differences significantly influence lung parenchyma development, beginning as early the embryonic stages of human life. Although this association is well known in clinical manifestations some relevant pulmonary diseases, there less data available regarding their effects on cell biological programmes across different body development. A deep understanding these mechanisms could help defining preventive strategies tailored to a fully personalised approach respiratory medicine. From perspective, review aims analyse sex bronchoalveolar vascular compartments from neonatal through adolescence, adulthood elder age.

Language: Английский

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Information Extraction from Clinical Texts with Generative Pre-trained Transformer Models

International Journal of Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 1015 - 1028

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Purpose: Processing and analyzing clinical texts are challenging due to its unstructured nature. This study compared the performance of GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer)-3.5 GPT-4 for extracting information from text. Materials Methods: Three types texts, containing patient characteristics, medical history, test results extracted case reports in open-access journals were utilized as input. Simple prompts queries extraction then applied both models using Greedy Approach decoding strategy. When underperformed certain tasks, we alternative strategies or incorporated with task-specific definitions. The outputs generated by evaluated True False determine accuracy extraction. Results: Clinical characteristics (60 texts), history (50 (25 texts) 60 reports. could extract accurately simple straightforward texts. Regarding sex, demonstrated a significantly higher rate (95%) GPT-3.5 (70%). (78%) outperformed (57%) body mass index (BMI). Utilizing sex BMI did not practically improve two models. In GPT-4, revised prompts, including definitions each category formula, rectified all incorrect responses regarding during main workflow. Conclusion: perform adequately information. For complex incorporating into is suitable strategy than relying solely on prompts. Therefore, researchers clinicians should use their expertise create effective monitor LLM outcomes when

Language: Английский

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Development and Validation of a Risk Scoring Tool for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants Based on a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 778 - 778

Published: March 6, 2023

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common serious pulmonary morbidity in preterm infants with high disability and mortality rates. Early identification treatment of BPD critical. Objective: This study aimed to develop validate a risk scoring tool for early that are at high-risk developing BPD. Methods: The derivation cohort was derived from systematic review meta-analysis factors statistically significant their corresponding odds ratios were utilized construct logistic regression prediction model. By weights each factor, established stratification divided. External verification carried out by validation China. Results: Approximately 83,034 gestational age < 32 weeks and/or birth weight 1500 g screened this meta-analysis, cumulative incidence about 30.37%. nine predictors model Chorioamnionitis, Gestational age, Birth weight, Sex, Small 5 min Apgar score, Delivery room intubation, Surfactant Respiratory distress syndrome. Based on we translated it into simple clinical total score ranging 0 64. showed had good discrimination, area under curve 0.907, Hosmer-Lemeshow test fit (p = 0.3572). In addition, results calibration decision analysis suggested conformity net benefit. When optimal cut-off value 25.5, sensitivity specificity 0.897 0.873, respectively. resulting classified population low-risk, low-intermediate, high-intermediate, groups. suitable g. Conclusions: An effective based developed validated. may play an important role establishing screening strategy potentially guide intervention.

Language: Английский

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Trends and Regional Variations in Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease and Lung Cancer-Related Mortality among American Adults: Insights from Retrospective CDC Wonder Analysis

International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24, P. 200377 - 200377

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in United States and shares cardiovascular risk factors with chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD). However, cumulative burden these comorbid conditions is underexplored. This study aims to retrospectively assess trends among American adults concurrent lung CIHD. We utilized death certificate data from Centers for Disease Control Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database, encompassing ICD-10 codes individuals aged ≥45 years 1999 2020. Age-adjusted rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population, annual percentage change (APC), corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. further stratified by year, sex, race, geographic region (state, rural-urban, census regions). A total 214,785 deaths identified The overall AAMR between 2020 was 8.4 (95 CI: 8.3 8.4). AAMRs remained relatively stable 2005 (APC: -0.84 %; -1.91 1.54), followed a significant decline 2010 -2.37 -5.58 -0.61) 2017 -4.72 -7.61 -3.60). subsequent period stability noted 0.86 -2.17 5.22). In 1999, men had threefold higher rate compared women (AAMR: 17.8 vs. 5.7), non-significant 10 4). Stratification race/ethnicity revealed that non-Hispanic (NH) Whites exhibited highest at 9.3, NH Indian or Alaska Natives (7.3), Blacks (6.8), Hispanic/Latinos (3.3), Asians Pacific Islanders (3.2). Geographically, Midwest (9.6), Northeast (8.8), South (8.4), West (6.8). Non-metropolitan regions metropolitan areas (10.3 8.0). top 90th percentile, such as Virginia, Kentucky, Vermont, Ohio, Rhode Island, nearly triple states lower 10th including Utah, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Hawaii. From 2020, CIHD declined. observed men, Whites, residing Midwest, non-metropolitan populations. highlights need more comprehensive tailored approach managing patients moving forward.

Language: Английский

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Impact of placental pathology on the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: The role of gestational age and sex

European Journal of Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 184(3)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Dynamic Risk Status of OSA and Its Association with COPD Incidence and Progression to Oxygen Therapy: Insights from a US National Cohort

International Journal of COPD, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 20, P. 753 - 766

Published: March 1, 2025

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prevalent respiratory disorders with significant health implications. This study investigates the relationship between OSA risk incidence progression of COPD. We analyzed data from Health Retirement Study (HRS) cohort. Participants' was assessed using STOP-Bang questionnaire. Changes in were evaluated by comparing baseline follow-up assessments. COPD determined through self-reported physician diagnoses use oxygen therapy. After adjusting for covariates, hazard ratios (HR) 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) calculated Cox proportional hazards models. The analysis included 14398 participants 11177 changes. Participants high had a significantly higher developing (adjusted HR: 1.255, CI: 1.054-1.496) compared to those low risk, although no found whose decreased showed lower (Baseline low-risk group: adjusted 0.603, 0.418-0.871; Baseline high-risk 0.586, 0.396-0.869). women but not men. related its changes associated varying risks Progression increases COPD, while improvement reduces it.

Language: Английский

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Neonatal hyperoxia induces activated pulmonary cellular states and sex-dependent transcriptomic changes in a model of experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 324(2), P. L123 - L140

Published: Dec. 20, 2022

Hyperoxia disrupts lung development in mice and causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) neonates. To investigate sex-dependent molecular cellular programming involved hyperoxia, we surveyed the mouse using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), validated our findings human neonatal cells vitro. Hyperoxia-induced inflammation alveolar type (AT) 2 gave rise to damage-associated transient progenitors (DATPs). It also induced a new subpopulation of AT1 with reduced expression growth factors normally secreted by cells, but increased mitochondrial gene expression. Female epithelial had less EMT pulmonary fibrosis signaling hyperoxia. In endothelium, expansion Car4+ EC (Cap2) was seen hyperoxia along an emergent Cap2 repressed VEGF signaling. This regenerative response females exposed Mesenchymal inflammatory signatures distal interstitial fibroblast subcluster characterized lipid biosynthesis transcriptomic signature resembling myofibroblasts. fibroblasts vitro resembled scRNA-seq data. These suggest that exposure programs distinct sex-specific stem progenitor reparative responses underpin remodeling BPD.

Language: Английский

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Targeting protein glycosylation to regulate inflammation in the respiratory tract: novel diagnostic and therapeutic candidates for chronic respiratory diseases

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 15, 2023

Protein glycosylation is a widespread posttranslational modification that can impact the function of proteins. Dysregulated protein has been linked to several diseases, including chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). CRDs pose significant public health threat globally, affecting airways and other lung structures. Emerging researches suggest plays role in regulating inflammation associated with CRDs. This review offers an overview abnormal glycoenzyme activity corresponding changes involved various CRDs, obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic arterial hypertension, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, cancer. Additionally, this summarizes recent advances glycomics glycoproteomics-based analysis The potential glycoenzymes glycoproteins for clinical use diagnosis treatment also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Cigarette smoke-induced injury induces distinct sex-specific transcriptional signatures in mice tracheal epithelial cells

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 325(4), P. L467 - L476

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

The airway epithelial barrier is crucial for defending against respiratory insults and diseases. Disruption of integrity contributes to diseases, sex-specific differences in susceptibility severity have been observed. However, the context diseases are often overlooked, especially murine models. In this study, we investigated vitro transcriptomics male female tracheal cells (mTECs) response chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure using an International Organization Standardization (ISO) puff regimen. Our findings reveal baseline characteristics cells. Female mTECs demonstrated stronger function higher ciliary compared with males. was disrupted both males females following CS, but difference more significant due their baseline. mice exhibited transcriptional signatures suggesting dedifferentiation increased basal markers cellular senescence. Pathway analysis indicated potential protective roles planar cell polarity (PCP) preventing exposed CS. We also observed DNA damage antioxidant levels, distinct mechanisms underlying stress. Understanding these could facilitate development targeted therapeutic strategies lung associated environmental insults. Recognizing sex-based disease treatment can lead personalized care improved outcomes. Clinical trials should consider sex as a biological variable develop effective interventions that address unique between men women diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY study underscores importance considering epithelium such COPD. Differences gene expression at injury implications on susceptibility, COPD other Therefore, understanding developing therapies treat based manner.

Language: Английский

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