Clinical application value of metagenomic second-generation sequencing technology in hematologic diseases with and without transplantation DOI Creative Commons
Xia Zhang, Fang Wang, Jifeng Yu

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 16, 2023

Introduction Hematological patients are at risk of infections. It is unknown whether the pathogenic microbial spectrum differs between HSCT and non-HSCT patients, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) peripheral blood can be used as a substitute test specimen such alveolar lavage. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate clinical application value mNGS in hematological with without HSCT. Results Viruses were prevalent pathogens both (44%) (45%) chiefly human cytomegalovirus Epstein–Barr virus. In Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 33% (predominantly Klebsiella pneumonia), Gram-positive cocci 7% Enterococcus faecium) pathogens. However, 13% Stenotrophomonas maltophilia), 24% Streptococcus pneumonia) Mucor most common fungu s two groups. The positive rate by 85.82%, higher than conventional detection (20.47%, P < 0.05). Mixed infection 67.00%, among which mixed bacteria virus (25.99%) common. 78 cases had pulmonary infection, traditional laboratory tests 42.31% (33/78), 73.08% (57/78), showing statistical difference (P = 0.000). frequency pneumonia (OR=0.777, 95% CI, 0.697-0.866, 0.01) Torque teno (OR=0.883, 0.820-0.950, 0.031) infections while rates (OR=12.828, 1.378-119.367, 0.016), Candida pseudosmooth (OR=1.100, 0.987-1.225, betaherpesvirus 6B (OR=6.345, 1.105-36.437, 0.039) polyomavirus 1 0.016) lower. Leishmania could detected mNGS. Conclusion method high, has high recognition sensitivity pathogen detection, provides basis guiding anti-infective treatment diseases symptoms fever.

Language: Английский

Invasive candidiasis DOI
Cornelia Lass‐Flörl, Souha S. Kanj, Nelesh P. Govender

et al.

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

69
The mycobiome in human cancer: analytical challenges, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic implications DOI Creative Commons
Ting Ding, Chang Liu, Zhengyu Li

et al.

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The polymorphic microbiome is considered a new hallmark of cancer. Advances in High-Throughput Sequencing have fostered rapid developments research. interaction between cancer cells, immune and microbiota defined as the immuno-oncology (IOM) axis. Fungal microbes (the mycobiome), although representing only ∼ 0.1-1% microbiome, are critical immunologically active component tumor microbiome. Accumulating evidence suggests possible involvement commensal pathogenic fungi initiation, progression, treatment responsiveness. tumor-associated mycobiome mainly consists gut mycobiome, oral intratumoral mycobiome. However, role remains poorly understood, diversity complexity analytical methods make it challenging to access this field. This review aims elucidate causal complicit roles development progression while highlighting issues that need be addressed executing such We systematically summarize advantages limitations current fungal detection analysis methods. enumerate integrate these recent findings into our understanding accompanied by prospect novel exhilarating clinical implications.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Cryptococcus neoformans Infection in the Central Nervous System: The Battle between Host and Pathogen DOI Creative Commons
Yanli Chen,

Zoe W. Shi,

Ashley B. Strickland

et al.

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(10), P. 1069 - 1069

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) is a pathogenic fungus with global distribution. Humans become infected by inhaling the from environment, and initially colonizes lungs. If immune system fails to contain C. in lungs, can disseminate blood invade central nervous system, resulting fatal meningoencephalitis particularly immunocompromised individuals including HIV/AIDS patients. Following brain invasion, will encounter host defenses involving resident as well recruited cells brain. To overcome defenses, possesses multiple virulence factors capable of modulating responses. The outcome interactions between determine disease progression. In this review, we describe current understanding how migrates across blood–brain barrier, responds invading organism We also discuss that uses modulate

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Invasive Candidiasis: Update and Current Challenges in the Management of This Mycosis in South America DOI Creative Commons
Fernando Riera, Juan Pablo Caeiro, Sofia Carla Angiolini

et al.

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 877 - 877

Published: June 30, 2022

Invasive candidiasis encompassing Candida bloodstream infections and deep-seated can become a persistent health problem. These are caused by species have high morbidity mortality rates. Species distribution, access to diagnosis, treatment different around the world. The rate is in South America (30–70%), albicans most prevalent this region. However, global epidemiological shift non-albicans has been observed. In group, C. parapsilosis frequently detected, followed tropicalis, at slower rate, glabrata, which also increased, addition emerging auris, resistance several drugs. This article summarizes relevant aspects of candidemia pathogenesis, such as mechanisms fungal invasion, immune response, impact genetic defects that increase host susceptibility developing infection. We discuss future challenges America.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
DelayedScedosporium apiospermumosteomyelitis following an open ankle fracture in an immunocompetent patient DOI

Andreas Papaleontiou,

Andréa M Poupard,

Caroline Nolan

et al.

BMJ Case Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. e262456 - e262456

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Scedosporium apiospermum is a ubiquitous environmental fungus, and several osteomyelitis cases have been reported in recent years. We present the case of woman her 70s who sustained comminuted open ankle fracture, with garden soil contamination wound, which was treated according to orthoplastic principles. The patient developed 6 months postsurgery. Intraoperative samples from debridement removal metalwork showed growth S. apiospermum, antifungal therapy surgical debridements. successful recovery highlights possibility treating fungal when promptly diagnosed, raising need for clinical suspicion. interpretation significance an isolate aided by clear recording not only mechanism injury but also environment where it occurred. Hence, documentation description fractures are paramount patients' care.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Electrospun PCL/PVP Nanofibers Meshes, A Novel Bisabolol Delivery System for Antidermatophytic Treatment DOI
Somayeh Farahmand, Saber SamadiAfshar,

Nafise Alsadat Shahmoradi

et al.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Cell wall composition in Cryptococcus neoformans is media dependent and alters host response, inducing protective immunity DOI Creative Commons
Rajendra Upadhya,

Woei C. Lam,

Camaron R. Hole

et al.

Frontiers in Fungal Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: May 12, 2023

Cryptococcus neoformans is a basidiomycete fungus that can cause meningoencephalitis, especially in immunocompromised patients. grows many different media, although little attention has been paid to the role of growth conditions on cryptococcal cell wall or virulence.The purpose this study was determine how media influenced amount chitin and chitosan wall, which turn impacted architecture host response.Yeast extract, peptone, dextrose (YPD) yeast nitrogen base (YNB) are two commonly used for growing before use vitro vivo experiments. As result, C. grown either YPD YNB, were left unbuffered buffered pH 7 with MOPS. These cells then labeled wall-specific fluorescent probes amounts various components. In addition, these employed animal virulence studies using murine inhalation model infection.We observed wild-type KN99 significantly changes during growth. It raises 8.0 when but lowers 2.0 YNB (YNB-U). Importantly, composition substantially by media. Cells YNB-U exhibited 90% reduction chitosan, deacetylated form chitin, compared YPD. The decrease YNB-U-grown associated significant increase some pathogen-associated molecular patterns surface 7. This altered resulted tested infection. Furthermore, heat-killed as inoculum, caused an aberrant hyper-inflammatory response lungs, resulting rapid death. contrast, 7, no inflammatory lung, but, vaccine, they conferred robust protective against subsequent challenge infection virulent cells.These findings emphasize importance culture shaping content organization well their impact fungal response.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
An Overview on the Physiopathology of the Blood–Brain Barrier and the Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Central Nervous System Delivery DOI Creative Commons
Francesca Susa, Silvia Arpicco, Candido Fabrizio Pirri

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 849 - 849

Published: June 22, 2024

The state of well-being and health our body is regulated by the fine osmotic biochemical balance established between cells different tissues, organs, systems. Specific districts human are defined, kept in correct functioning, and, therefore, protected from exogenous or endogenous insults both mechanical, physical, biological nature presence barrier In addition to placental barrier, which even acts as a linker two organisms, mother fetus, all barriers, including blood-brain (BBB), blood-retinal blood-nerve blood-lymph blood-cerebrospinal fluid operate maintain physiological homeostasis within tissues organs. From pharmaceutical point view, most challenging undoubtedly BBB, since its notably complicates treatment brain disorders. BBB action can impair delivery chemical drugs biopharmaceuticals into brain, reducing their therapeutic efficacy and/or increasing unwanted bioaccumulation surrounding healthy tissues. Recent nanotechnological innovation provides advanced biomaterials ad hoc customized engineering functionalization methods able assist brain-targeted drug delivery. this context, lipid nanocarriers, synthetic (liposomes, solid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, nanostructured carriers, niosomes, proniosomes, cubosomes) cell-derived ones (extracellular vesicles cell membrane-derived nanocarriers), considered one successful systems due reasonable biocompatibility ability cross BBB. This review aims provide complete up-to-date view on varied whether FDA-approved, involved clinical trials, used vitro vivo studies, for inflammatory, cancerous, infectious diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Riboflavin Targets the Cellular Metabolic and Ribosomal Pathways of Candida albicans In Vitro and Exhibits Efficacy against Oropharyngeal Candidiasis DOI Creative Commons

Junwen Lei,

Jian Huang,

Caiyan Xin

et al.

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), which has a high incidence in immunocompromised and denture stomatitis patients, is commonly caused by Candida albicans infection some cases develops into disseminated throughout the throat esophagus, resulting mortality. New drugs are needed to combat OPC because of limited treatment options currently available increasing resistance existing drugs. Here, we confirmed that riboflavin (RF), cofactor flavin adenine mononucleotide dinucleotide, broad-spectrum anti-Candida activity. The formation C. hyphae biofilm was inhibited RF. Mechanistically, RF disrupted membrane cell wall integrity, as well promoting reactive oxygen species pyruvate accumulation. Furthermore, targeted multiple essential pathways via functional disruption thiamine metabolic pathways, central carbon metabolism, ribosome metabolism. Similar results vitro, inhibitory effect on mouse model OPC. Moreover, after 5 consecutive days intraperitoneal injection, exhibited therapeutic efficacy, demonstrated phenotype investigation, fungal burden, histopathological analysis. These findings revealed exerts multifaceted potential benefits IMPORTANCECandida common pathogens infections, causing mucosal invasive immunodeficient patients. Given classes these drugs, new antifungal agents need be developed. Drug repurposing method for drug development. This study (RF) affected targets involving accumulation pyruvate, altered albicans. efficacy an oropharyngeal model. Taken together, activity promising clinical application were highlighted.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Alternatively activated lung alveolar and interstitial macrophages promote fungal growth DOI Creative Commons
Ashley B. Strickland, Yanli Chen, Donglei Sun

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 106717 - 106717

Published: April 23, 2023

How lung macrophages, especially interstitial macrophages (IMs), respond to invading pathogens remains elusive. Here, we show that mice exhibited a rapid and substantial expansion of CX3CR1

Language: Английский

Citations

12