Potential role of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease DOI Creative Commons
Guibo Qi, Han Tang, Jianian Hu

et al.

Neural Regeneration Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 1599 - 1612

Published: June 26, 2024

Tanycytes, specialized ependymal cells located in the hypothalamus, play a crucial role generation of new neurons that contribute to neural circuits responsible for regulating systemic energy balance. The precise coordination gene networks controlling neurogenesis naive and mature tanycytes is essential maintaining homeostasis adulthood. However, our understanding molecular mechanisms signaling pathways govern proliferation differentiation into remains limited. This article aims review recent advancements research functions tanycyte-derived neurogenesis. Studies employing lineage-tracing techniques have revealed specifically originating from hypothalamus has compensatory neuronal loss helps maintain during metabolic diseases. Intriguingly, disorders are considered early biomarkers Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, neurogenic potential state newborn derived heavily depend on maintenance mild microenvironments, which may be disrupted disease due impaired blood-brain barrier function. specific alterations regulatory governing remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests might disease, exacerbating neurodegeneration. Confirming this hypothesis, however, poses challenge because lack long-term tracing nucleus-specific analyses patients with Further underlying holds promise identifying small molecules capable restoring tanycyte neurodegenerative line investigation could provide valuable insights therapeutic strategies related conditions.

Language: Английский

Hypothalamic syndrome DOI
Hermann L. Müller, M. Tauber, Elizabeth A. Lawson

et al.

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: April 21, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

83
The interplay between obesity, immunosenescence, and insulin resistance DOI Creative Commons
Ghazaleh Shimi, Mohammad Hassan Sohouli, Arman Ghorbani

et al.

Immunity & Ageing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Abstract Obesity, which is the accumulation of fat in adipose tissue, has adverse impacts on human health. Obesity-related metabolic dysregulation similarities to alterations observed aging. It been shown that adipocytes obese individuals undergo cellular aging, known as senescence. Senescence can be transmitted other normal cells through a series chemical factors referred senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Most these are pro-inflammatory compounds. The immune system removes senescent T-cells, but immunosenescence, senescence cells, disrupts clearance T-cells. Immunosenescence occurs result aging or indirectly transmission from tissues. significant occurrence obesity expected cause immunosenescence and impairs response resolve inflammation. sustained chronic inflammation insulin's actions Therefore, this review focuses role adipocyte obesity-associated subsequent dysregulation. Moreover, article suggests novel therapeutic approaches improve syndrome by targeting T-cells using senotherapeutics. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Mechanism of metformin regulation in central nervous system: Progression and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons

Gui Cao,

Ting Gong, Yue Du

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 113686 - 113686

Published: Oct. 13, 2022

Metformin as a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) treatment is widely studied. can reduce liver glucose output and improve insulin resistance. Recent evidence from in vivo vitro has confirmed that metformin transport across the blood-brain barrier(BBB) activate specific neurons neuroglia to exert neurological actions, however, effect of regulation on CNS still obscure. In this review, we summarized current preclinical focusing regulatory role found potential neuroprotective, neurotrophic, neurogenesis-stimulated actions; besides, also exerts antiinflammatory by inhibiting microglial activates regulating polarization. These findings indicate there might be extensive pharmacological efficacy therapeutic insights diseases' clinical application.

Language: Английский

Citations

54
Anthocyanins in Chronic Diseases: The Power of Purple DOI Open Access
Sunil K. Panchal, Oliver D. John, Michael L. Mathai

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2161 - 2161

Published: May 23, 2022

Anthocyanins are mainly purple-coloured phenolic compounds of plant origin that as secondary metabolites important in survival. Understanding their health benefits humans requires sourcing these unstable sufficient quantities at a reasonable cost, which has led to improved methods extraction. Dark-coloured fruits, cereals and vegetables current sources compounds. The range potential sustainable is much larger includes non-commercialised native plants from around the world agri-waste containing anthocyanins. In last 5 years, there have been significant advances developing therapeutic anthocyanins chronic human diseases. exert beneficial effects through improvements gut microbiota, oxidative stress inflammation, modulation neuropeptides such insulin-like growth factor-1. Their include reduced cognitive decline; protection organs liver, well cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract kidneys; bone obesity; regulation glucose lipid metabolism. This review summarises some mechanisms treatment

Language: Английский

Citations

50
The Brain–Heart Axis: Neuroinflammatory Interactions in Cardiovascular Disease DOI
Jiun‐Ruey Hu, Ahmad Makmom Abdullah, Michael G. Nanna

et al.

Current Cardiology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 1745 - 1758

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Inflammatory markers and physical frailty: towards clinical application DOI Creative Commons
Yiming Pan, Lina Ma

Immunity & Ageing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Abstract Global population aging poses a tremendous burden on the health care system worldwide. Frailty is associated with decreased physical reserve and considered an important indicator of adverse events in older population. Therefore, there growing interest early diagnosis intervention frailty, but cellular mechanisms responsible for frailty are still not completely understood. Chronic inflammation related to function increased disease risk. Additionally, multiple human animal studies suggest that probably plays largest role contributing frailty. Some inflammatory markers have been proposed predict However, large gaps knowledge clinical application these frail patients. understanding biological processes identifying recognized reliable urgent pivotal tasks geriatricians. In present review, we broadly summarize may potential diagnostic therapeutic use, thereby translating them into people near future.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Understanding immune microenvironment alterations in the brain to improve the diagnosis and treatment of diverse brain diseases DOI Creative Commons
Xiaotong Xu, Yi Han, Binlong Zhang

et al.

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Abstract Abnormal inflammatory states in the brain are associated with a variety of diseases. The dynamic changes number and function immune cells cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) advantageous for early prediction diagnosis diseases affecting brain. aggregated factors inflamed CSF may represent candidate targets therapy. physiological barriers brain, such as blood‒brain barrier (BBB), establish stable environment distribution resident cells. However, underlying mechanism by which peripheral migrate into their role maintaining homeostasis still unclear. To advance our understanding causal link between cell status, we investigated characteristics molecular mechanisms involved common Furthermore, summarized diagnostic treatment methods related cytokines used targets. Further investigations new subtypes contributions to development needed improve specificity

Language: Английский

Citations

7
ANMCO (Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists) scientific statement: obesity in adults—an approach for cardiologists DOI Creative Commons
Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Edoardo Mocini, Michele Massimo Gulizia

et al.

Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Obesity is a complex, chronic disease requiring multidisciplinary approach to its management. In clinical practice, body mass index and waist-related measurements can be used for obesity screening. The estimated prevalence of among adults worldwide 12%. With the expected further increase in overall prevalence, clinicians will increasingly managing patients with obesity. Energy balance regulated by complex neurohumoral system that involves central nervous circulating mediators, which leptin most studied. functioning these systems influenced both genetic environmental factors. generally occurs when genetically predisposed individual lives an obesogenic environment long period. Cardiologists are deeply involved evaluating Cardiovascular risk profile one important items quantified understand health due benefit single patient obtain weight loss. At level, appropriate involvement, detection potential causes, tools improve outcomes. near future, we probably have new pharmacological at our disposal facilitate achieving maintaining However, treatment alone cannot cure such disease. aim this paper summarize some key points field, as definition measurement tools, epidemiology, main mechanisms underlying energy homeostasis, consequences focus on cardiovascular diseases paradox. Level evidence V: report expert committees.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Identifying of immune‐associated genes for assessing the obesity‐associated risk to the offspring in maternal obesity: A bioinformatics and machine learning DOI Creative Commons
Yanxing Shang, Xueqin Wang,

Sixuan Su

et al.

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Background Perinatal exposure to maternal obesity predisposes offspring develop later in life. Immune dysregulation the hypothalamus, brain center governing energy homeostasis, is pivotal development. This study aimed identify key candidate genes associated with risk of obesity. Methods We obtained obesity‐related datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GSE135830 comprises gene expression data hypothalamus mouse a model induced by high‐fat diet (maternal (mHFD) group and chow (mChow) group), while GSE127056 consists microarray young adult mice (high‐fat (HFD) Chow groups). identified differentially expressed (DEGs) module using Limma weighted co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA), conducted functional enrichment analysis, employed machine learning algorithm (least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) regression) pinpoint hub for diagnosing obesity‐associated constructed nomogram receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve evaluate diagnostic value. Additionally, we analyzed immune cell infiltration investigate Furthermore, verified both vivo vitro. Results The dataset revealed 2868 DEGs between mHFD mChow 2627 WGCNA related overlap primarily enriched neurodevelopment regulation. In dataset, 133 were HFD‐induced obese individuals. A total 13 intersected that response. Following learning, two chosen construction. Diagnostic value evaluation ROC determined Sytl4 Kncn2 as offspring. regulatory transcription factor–miRNA interactions was established. Dysregulated cells observed validated hypothalamic inflammation palmitic acid‐stimulated microglial model. Conclusion Two ( Kcnc2 ) developed predict These findings offer potential identifying risks mothers.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Research Progress on Effects of Ginsenoside Rg2 and Rh1 on Nervous System and Related Mechanisms DOI Creative Commons
Silu Liu, Weijia Chen, Yan Zhao

et al.

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(23), P. 7935 - 7935

Published: Dec. 4, 2023

Neurological-related disorders are diseases that affect the body’s neurons or peripheral nerve tissue, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s (AD). The development of neurological can cause serious harm to quality life functioning patient. use traditional therapeutic agents dopamine-promoting drugs, anticholinergic cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists is often accompanied by a series side effects drug resistance, cardiac arrhythmia, liver function abnormalities, blurred vision. Therefore, there an urgent need find with high safety profile few effects. Herbal medicines rich in active ingredients natural macromolecules. Ginsenoside main ingredient ginseng, which has variety pharmacological considered have potential value treatment human diseases. Modern studies shown ginsenosides Rg2 Rh1 strong activities nervous system, protective on cells, improved resistance neuronal injury, modulation neural activity, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion improvement brain damage after eclampsia hemorrhage, memory cognitive deficits, AD vascular dementia, alleviation anxiety, pain, inhibition ionic-like behavior. In this article, we searched research literature field diseases, summarized latest progress two ginsenosides, reviewed mechanisms Rh1, provided new way thinking for ginseng anti-neurological drugs.

Language: Английский

Citations

11