Why Are Obese People Predisposed to Severe Disease in Viral Respiratory Infections?

Obesities, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 46 - 58

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

Obesity is one of the most pressing healthcare concerns twenty-first century. prevalence has risen dramatically in recent decades, and 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) 650 million obese 30 kg/m2). About 50% world’s population anticipated to be obese/overweight within next decade. a major risk factor for variety non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver malignancies. emerged as substantial hospitalization death from viral respiratory infections such influenza A ongoing pandemic SARS-CoV-2. Several independent studies have indicated that patients are at higher severe disease these diseases. Excess fat, particularly visceral contributes development metabolic disorders, persistent systemic inflammation decreased immunological function. As result, response infectious pathogens weakened, resulting poorer outcomes post-infection. Additionally, poor lung mechanics associated with obesity may increase serious infections. In this review, we address likely mechanism(s) predispose people diseases caused by

Language: Английский

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Association of COVID-19 and Arterial Stiffness Assessed using Cardiovascular Index (CAVI)

Current Hypertension Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 44 - 51

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Background:: COVID-19 is characterized by an acute inflammatory response with the formation of endothelial dysfunction and may affect arterial stiffness. Studies cardio-ankle vascular index in patients considered cardiovascular risk factors have not been conducted. Objective:: The purpose our study was to assess association between hospitalized adjusted for known factors. Methods:: A cross-sectional included 174 people a diagnosis moderate 94 without COVID-19. Significant differences values measured VaSera VS - 1500N two groups were analyzed using parametric (Student's t-criterion) nonparametric (Mann-Whitney) criteria. Independent increased ≥ 9.0 assessed multivariate logistic regression. Results:: There significantly higher right 8.10 [7.00;9.40] left [6.95;9.65] undergoing inpatient treatment than control group – 7.55 [6.60;8.60] 7.60 [6.60;8.70], respectively. regression model age, hypertension, plasma glucose level, glomerular filtration rate diabetes mellitus showed significant (OR 2.41 [CI 1.09;5.30]). Conclusion:: Hospitalized had compared group. An revealed, independent mellitus.

Language: Английский

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Global trends in COVID-19 incidence and case fatality rates (2019–2023): a retrospective analysis

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 29, 2024

Analyzing and comparing COVID-19 infection case-fatality rates across different regions can help improve our response to future pandemics.

Language: Английский

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Proteomic analysis of plasma to identify novel biomarkers for intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation in preterm premature rupture of membranes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 6, 2023

Abstract To identify potential plasma biomarkers associated with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and/or intraamniotic inflammation (IAI) in women preterm premature rupture membranes (PPROM). This retrospective cohort study included 182 singleton pregnant PPROM (23–33 weeks) who underwent amniocentesis. Plasma samples; all subjects were chosen from these participants and analyzed using label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for proteome profiling a nested case–control design (cases MIAC/IAI vs . non-MIAC/IAI controls [ n = 9 each]). Three identified target molecules further verified by ELISA ( 182). Shotgun proteomic analysis revealed 17 differentially expressed proteins P < 0.05) cases. In particular, levels FCGR3A haptoglobin, but not LRP1, found to be increased patients MIAC, IAI, both compared those without conditions. Moreover, differences remained significant after adjusting gestational age at sampling. The area under curves haptoglobin ranged within 0.59–0.65 respect each three outcome measures. as independent less-invasively detecting PPROM.

Language: Английский

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Association of Toxoplasmosis and COVID-19 in a Mexican Population

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 1441 - 1441

Published: May 30, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 is the causal agent of COVID-19; first report infection was in December 2019 Wuhan, China. This virus has since caused largest pandemic history, and number deaths infections been significant. Nevertheless, development vaccines helped to reduce both infections. Comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, heart lung diseases, obesity have identified additional risk factors for progression COVID-19. Additionally, latent toxoplasmosis reported be a factor acquiring COVID-19 some studies, but other studies suggested negative association between these two Furthermore, patients after vaccination or with coinfection, an increase lethality mortality observed. Therefore, objective current study determine diagnosed Serum samples from 384 previously using IgG antibodies against S1/S2 antigens were collected. Subsequently, anti-Toxoplasma IgM analyzed ELISA. Statistical analysis performed SPSS Version 20.0 frequencies, percentages, 2 × tables, Pearson correlation coefficient. positive 105/384 (27.34%) (26/191) 13.6% patients, respectively. The positivity higher aged >40 years old. Subjects who overweight obese mainly Toxoplasma antibodies. In conclusion, coinfection rate 21.7%. prevalence 308/384 (80.2%), percentage 27.34%.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional parameters associated with prognosis in non-critically ill hospitalized COVID-19 patients: The NUTRI-COVID19 study

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(12), P. 2980 - 2987

Published: June 26, 2021

SummaryBackground & aimsTo investigate the association between parameters used in nutritional screening assessment (body mass index [BMI], unintentional weight loss [WL] and reduced food intake) clinical outcomes non-critically ill, hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter real-life study carried out during first pandemic wave 11 Italian Hospitals. In total, 1391 patients were included. The primary end-point composite of in-hospital mortality or admission to ICU, whichever came first. key secondary mortality.ResultsMultivariable models based on 1183 with complete data. Reduced self-reported intake before hospitalization and/or expected by physicians next days since found have negative prognostic impact for both (P < .001 both). No BMI WL observed. Other predictors age presence multiple comorbidities. A significant interaction obesity multi-morbidity (≥2) detected. Obesity be risk factor (HR = 1.36 [95%CI, 1.03–1.80]; P .031) protective against 0.32 0.20–0.51]; .001) without comorbidities, respectively. Secondary analysis (patients, N 829), further adjusted high C-reactive protein (>21 mg/dL) LDH (>430 mU/mL) levels yielded consistent findings.ConclusionsReduced associated COVID-19 patients. This simple easily obtainable parameter may useful identify at highest poor prognosis, who benefit from prompt support. comorbidities could factor, which determine harmful role body COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Obesity as a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: Epidemiology and Potential Mechanisms

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(10), P. 1838 - 1838

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 infection is a global public health problem, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Evidence shows that obesity recognized risk factor for hospitalization, admission to critical care units, the development of serious complications from COVID-19. This review analyzes available epidemiological evidence relates higher severity mortality COVID-19, examining possible pathophysiological mechanisms explain this phenomenon on cellular molecular level.

Language: Английский

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Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos) Targets Adipocytes and Obesity-Associated Inflammation

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 1751 - 1751

Published: April 3, 2023

Excess weight and obesity are the fifth leading cause of death globally, sustained efforts from health professionals researchers required to mitigate this pandemic-scale problem. Polyphenols flavonoids found in Aspalathus linearis-a plant widely consumed as Rooibos tea-are increasingly being investigated for their positive effects on various issues including inflammation. The aim our study was examine effect extract associated low-grade chronic inflammatory state by testing antioxidant activity, cytokine secretions, macrophage polarization differentiation human adipocytes through development adipospheroids. significantly decreased ROS production secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-2 IL-17a) leukocytes. Additionally, down-regulated LPS-induced M1 polarization, shown a significant decrease expression cytokines: TNFα, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β CXCL10. In addition, inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation reduced adipogenesis decreasing PPARγ, Ap2 HSL A leptin noted this, more interestingly, accompanied increase adiponectin expression. Using co-culture system between macrophages adipocytes, all studied particularly leptin, increased Thus, adding tea daily diet is likely prevent with low-level

Language: Английский

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Dynamic changes of hematological and hemostatic parameters in COVID-19 hospitalized patients: Potential role as severity biomarkers for the Chilean population

Journal of Medical Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(4), P. 556 - 564

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

COVID-19 is still a global health issue, there limited evidence in South America regarding laboratory biomarkers associated with severe disease. The objective of our study was to identify hematological and hemostatic changes COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Osmanthus fragrans Flavonoid Extract Inhibits Adipogenesis and Induces Beiging in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1894 - 1894

Published: June 16, 2024

Osmanthus fragrans has a long history of cultivation in Asia and is widely used food production for its unique aroma, which important cultural economic values. It rich flavonoids with diverse pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-lipid activities. However, little known regarding the effects flavonoid extract (OFFE) on adipogenesis pre-adipocyte transdifferentiation. Herein, this research aimed to investigate effect OFFE differentiation, adipogenesis, beiging 3T3-L1 adipocytes elucidate underlying mechanism. Results showed that inhibited reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels mature adipocytes, promoted mitochondrial biogenesis well beiging/browning adipocytes. This was accompanied by increased mRNA protein brown adipose-specific marker gene Pgc-1a, upregulation expression UCP1, Cox7A1, Cox8B. Moreover, observed dose-dependent reduction adipogenic genes (C/EBPα, GLUT-4, SREBP-1C, FASN) increasing concentrations OFFE. Additionally, activated AMPK signaling pathway inhibit adipogenesis. These findings an inhibitory promotes browning lays foundation further investigation lipid-lowering mechanism vivo future.

Language: Английский

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