Advances in Genetic Analysis and Breeding of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz): A Review

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 1617 - 1617

Published: June 20, 2022

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is the sixth most important food crop and consumed by 800 million people worldwide. In Africa, cassava second after maize Africa worlds’ largest producer. Though not one of main commodity crops in South it becoming a popular among farming communities frost-free areas, due to its climate-resilient nature. This necessitated establishment multi-disciplinary research program at Agricultural Research Council Africa. The objective this review highlight progress made breeding genetic analysis. highlights worldwide discusses findings on yield, quality, adaptability traits cassava. It also limitations prospects R&D towards development industry

Language: Английский

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Targeting market segment needs with public-good crop breeding investments: A case study with potato and sweetpotato focused on poverty alleviation, nutrition and gender

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 15, 2023

Crop breeding programs have often focused on the release of new varieties that target yield improvement to achieve food security and reduce poverty. While continued investments in this objective are justified, there is a need for be increasingly more demand-driven responsive changing customer preferences population dynamics. This paper analyses responsiveness global potato sweetpotato pursued by International Potato Center (CIP) its partners three major development indicators: poverty, malnutrition gender. The study followed seed product market segmentation blueprint developed Excellence Breeding platform (EiB) identify, describe, estimate sizes segments at subregional levels. We then estimated potential poverty nutrition impacts respective segments. Further, we employed G+ tools involving multidisciplinary workshops evaluate gender-responsiveness programs. Our analysis reveals future will greater developing pipelines poor rural people, high stunting rates among children, anemia prevalence women reproductive age, where vitamin A deficiency. In addition, strategies gender inequality enhance appropriate change roles (hence transformative) also required.

Language: Английский

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Multi-trait selection in multi-environments for performance and stability in cassava genotypes

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Genotype-environment interaction (GEI) presents challenges when aiming to select optimal cassava genotypes, often due biased genetic estimates. Various strategies have been proposed address the need for simultaneous improvements in multiple traits, while accounting performance and yield stability. Among these methods are mean stability (MPS) multi-trait index (MTMPS), both utilizing linear mixed models. This study’s objective was assess variation GEI effects on fresh root (FRY), along with three primary secondary traits. A comprehensive evaluation of 22 genotypes conducted using a randomized complete block design replicates across 47 distinct environments (year x location) Brazil. The broad-sense heritability ( H2 ) averaged 0.37 traits 0.44 plot-based id="im2">hmɡ2) consistently exceeding 0.90 all high extent variance id="im3">σɡxe2 demonstrates effect expression dominant analytic factor id="im4">(FA3 accounted over 85% total variance, communality (ɧ) surpassed 87% These values collectively suggest substantial capacity explanation. In Cluster 1, composed remarkably productive stable BRS Novo Horizonte BR11-34-69 emerged as prime candidates FRY enhancement, BR12-107-002 were indicated optimizing dry matter content. Moreover, MTMPS, employing selection intensity 30%, identified seven distinguished by heightened encompassed innovative chosen based regression id="im5">Sdi2 , id="im6">R2 RMSE) considerations essence, incorporating methodologies that account can significantly bolster credibility recommendations novel cultivars.

Language: Английский

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Cassava Breeding and Cultivation Challenges in Thailand: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(14), P. 1899 - 1899

Published: July 10, 2024

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) was introduced to Southeast Asia in the 16th–17th centuries and has since flourished as an industrial crop. Since 1980s, Thailand emerged leading producer exporter of cassava products. This growth coincided with initiation breeding programs collaboration International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), focusing on root yield starch production. The success Thai can be attributed incorporation valuable genetic diversity from international germplasm resources cross local landraces, which become foundation many commercial varieties. Effective evaluation under diverse environmental conditions led release varieties high stability. A notable is development Kasetsart 50. However, extreme climate change poses significant challenges, including abiotic biotic stresses that threaten content, a potential decline starch-based industries. Future directions must include hybrid development, marker-assisted recurrent breeding, gene editing, along high-throughput phenotyping flower induction. These strategies are essential achieve objectives focused drought tolerance disease resistance, especially CMD CBSD.

Language: Английский

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Cassava consumption and the risk from cyanide poisoning

Vegetos, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Drivers of consumer acceptability of cassava gari‐eba food products across cultural and environmental settings using the triadic comparison of technologies approach (tricot)

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(8), P. 4770 - 4781

Published: July 18, 2023

Abstract BACKGROUND Nigeria and Cameroon are multi‐ethnic countries with diverse preferences for food characteristics. The present study aimed to inform cassava breeders on consumer‐prioritized eba quality traits. Consumer testing was carried out using the triadic comparison of technologies (tricot). Diverse consumers in villages, towns cities evaluated overall acceptability made from different genotypes. Data both were combined linked laboratory analyses gari used make it. RESULTS There is a strong preference higher cohesiveness brightness especially Cameroon, lower redness yellowness. Relatively hardness springiness values preferred Nigerian locations, whereas Cameroon. Trends solubility swelling power differ between two countries. also reveals that older improved genotype TMS30572 benchmark superior characteristics across regions Nigeria, recently released variety Game changer performs very well In genotypes Obansanjo‐2 TM14F1278P0003 have good stability CONCLUSION wide acceptance single geographical cultural conditions as three acceptable new varieties indicates consumers' surprisingly homogeneous eba. This would enhance breeding efforts develop wider expand potential target areas varieties. © 2023 Authors. Journal Science Food Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Gari, a Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Derived Product: Review on Its Quality and Their Determinants

Journal of Food Quality, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023, P. 1 - 17

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Gari or Tapioca Rale, a roasted yellow white granulated product found on market stalls of sub-Saharan African countries (SSA), is made from cassava through the successive steps peeling, grating, fermentation and/or dewatering, and roasting, most consumed derived product. The strengthening its value chain can contribute to food sovereignty as well improve lifestyle many urban rural dwellers SSA. This requires identification weaknesses proposes research development initiatives that will increase contribution sovereignty. present review aimed thus at achieving this goal up now knowledge (i) end-users preferences for in SSA; (ii) quality (nutritional microbiological) stalls; (iii) processing raw material determinant quality; (iv) trials which have been done nutritional Gari. It also some scientific challenges overcome SSA order all ingredients success.

Language: Английский

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Varietal impact on women's labour, workload and related drudgery in processing root, tuber and banana crops: focus on cassava in sub‐Saharan Africa

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(8), P. 4498 - 4513

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Roots, tubers and cooking bananas are bulky highly perishable. In Africa, except for yams, their consumption is mainly after transport, peeling in the form of boiled pieces or dough, a few days harvest. To stabilize better preserve products and, case cassava, release toxic cyanogenic glucosides, range intermediate have been developed, related to fermentation drying numerous processing operations. This review highlights, first time, impact genotypes on labour requirements, productivity associated drudgery operations primarily carried out by women processors. Peeling, soaking/grinding/fermentation, dewatering, sieving toasting steps were evaluated wide new hybrids traditional landraces. The highlights studies gari production from cassava. results show that, depending used, women's required can be more than doubled even sum weights transported along process up four times higher same quantity end product. Productivity loads between each operation influenced root shape, ease peeling, dry matter content and/or fiber content. often experienced key factors considered acceptance actors value-addition chain, leading enhanced adoption ultimately improved livelihoods © 2023 Authors. Journal Science Food Agriculture published John Wiley & Sons Ltd behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Identification of Genomic Regions for Traits Associated with Flowering in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 796 - 796

Published: March 12, 2024

Flowering in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is crucial for the generation of botanical seed breeding. However, genotypes preferred by most farmers are erect and poor at flowering or never flower. To elucidate genetic basis flowering, 293 diverse accessions were evaluated flowering-associated traits two locations seasons Uganda. Genotyping using Diversity Array Technology Pty Ltd. (DArTseq) platform identified 24,040 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed on 18 chromosomes. Population structure analysis principal components (PCs) kinships showed three clusters; first five PCs accounted 49.2% observed variation. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) estimation averaged 0.32 a distance ~2850 kb (kilo base pairs). Polymorphism information content (PIC) minor allele frequency (MAF) 0.25 0.23, respectively. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) uncovered 53 significant marker–trait associations (MTAs) with involving 27 loci. Two loci, SNPs S5_29309724 S15_11747301, associated all traits. Using Phenotype_Variance_Explained (PVE) ≥ 5%, 44 candidate genes peak SNP sites located within 50 upstream downstream, branching Eight genes, orthologous to Arabidopsis other plant species, had known functional annotations related e.g., eukaryotic translation initiation factor myb family transcription factor. This genomic regions cassava, can be useful marker-assisted selection overcome hybridization challenges, like unsynchronized gene validation.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling social-ecological constraints to the adoption of CMD-resistant cassava varieties in Thailand

Environmental Challenges, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101147 - 101147

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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