Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
263, P. 115247 - 115247
Published: July 13, 2023
The
most
prevalent
contaminated
mycotoxin
in
feed
and
grain
is
T-2
toxin.
toxin's
primary
action
target
the
gut
because
it
main
organ
of
absorption.
toxin
can
cause
intestinal
damage,
but,
few
molecular
mechanisms
have
been
elucidated.
It
important
to
discover
key
pathways
by
which
causes
enterotoxicity.
In
this
research,
IPEC-J2
cells
are
used
as
a
cell
model
investigate
function
MAPK
signaling
pathway
toxin-induced
epithelial
damage.
Throughout
results
functional
impairment
reducing
TJ
proteins
Claudin,
Occludin-1,
ZO-1,
N-cadherin,
CX-43
expression.
significantly
reduced
survival
increased
LDH
release
dose-dependent
way.
induced
oxidative
stress
raising
ROS
MDA
content,
mitochondrial
damage
was
indicated
decline
MMP
an
increase
opening
degree
MPTP.
upregulated
expression
ERK,
P38
JNK,
triggered
pathway.
addition,
caused
inflammation
responses
reflected
levels
inflammation-related
factors
IL-8,
p65,
P-p65
IL-6,
down-regulated
IL-10
level.
Inhibition
JNK
molecule
ease
inflammatory
response.
conclusion,
consequence
activating
molecule,
induced,
impair
cellular
inflammation.
Toxicology Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14, P. 101952 - 101952
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
A
comprehensive
overview
of
food
mycotoxins,
their
toxicity,
and
contemporary
detoxification
techniques
is
given
in
this
article.
Mycotoxins,
which
are
harmful
secondary
metabolites
generated
by
a
variety
fungi,
including
Fusarium,
Aspergillus,
Penicillium,
provide
serious
health
concerns
to
humans
animals.
These
include
hepatotoxicity,
neurotoxicity,
carcinogenicity.
Mycotoxins
commonly
found
basic
products,
as
evidenced
recent
studies,
raising
worries
about
public
safety.
The
article
discusses
detection
such
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assays
(ELISA),
quick
strip
tests.
Moreover,
the
use
various
control
systems
associated
with
mycotoxinis
highlighted.
In
addition,
novel
strategies
nanotechnology,
plant
extracts,
omics
studies
were
also
discussed.
When
taken
whole,
analysis
helps
clarify
pressing
need
for
efficient
management
monitoring
prevent
mycotoxin
contamination
chain.
Food and Chemical Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
153, P. 112306 - 112306
Published: May 28, 2021
Nowadays,
people
are
exposed
to
diverse
environmental
and
chemical
pollutants
produced
by
industry
agriculture.
Food
contaminations
such
as
persistent
organic
(POPs),
heavy
metals,
mycotoxins
a
serious
concern
for
global
food
safety
with
economic
public
health
implications
especially
in
the
newly
industrialized
countries
(NIC).
Mounting
evidence
indicates
that
chronic
exposure
contaminants
referred
xenobiotics
exert
negative
effect
on
human
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
intestinal
disorders
linked
perturbation
of
composition
metabolic
profile
gut
microflora.
Although
physicochemical
technologies
decontamination
utilized
many
cases
but
require
adequate
conditions
which
often
not
feasible
be
met
industrial
sectors.
At
present,
one
promising
approach
reduce
risk
related
presence
foodstuffs
is
biological
detoxification
done
probiotic
strains
their
enzymes.
Many
studies
confirmed
probiotics
an
effective,
feasible,
inexpensive
tool
preventing
xenobiotic-induced
dysbiosis
alleviating
toxicity.
This
review
aims
summarize
current
knowledge
direct
mechanisms
can
influence
xenobiotics.
Moreover,
probiotic-xenobiotic
interactions
microbiota
host
response
were
also
discussed.
RSC Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 1339 - 1369
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
The
complexity
and
structural
diversity
of
the
secondary
metabolites
produced
by
endophytes
make
them
an
attractive
source
natural
products
with
novel
structures
that
can
help
in
treating
life-changing
diseases.
genus
Poultry Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
103(3), P. 103471 - 103471
Published: Jan. 17, 2024
Contamination
of
feed
with
mycotoxins
has
become
a
severe
issue
worldwide.
Among
the
most
prevalent
trichothecene
mycotoxins,
T-2
toxin
is
particular
importance
for
livestock
production,
including
poultry
posing
significant
threat
to
animal
health
and
productivity.
This
review
article
aims
comprehensively
analyze
pathological
consequences,
metabolism,
toxic
effects
in
poultry.
Trichothecene
primarily
produced
by
Fusarium
species,
are
notorious
their
potent
toxicity.
exhibits
broad
spectrum
negative
on
leading
substantial
economic
losses
as
well
concerns
about
welfare
food
safety
modern
agriculture.
exposure
easily
results
consequences
gastrointestinal
tract,
parenchymal
tissues
like
liver
(as
key
organ
its
metabolism),
kidneys,
or
reproductive
organs.
In
addition,
it
also
intensely
damages
immune
system-related
such
spleen,
bursa
Fabricius,
thymus
causing
immunosuppression
increasing
susceptibility
animals
infectious
diseases,
making
immunization
programs
less
effective.
The
cellular
processes
transcriptional
translational
levels
induces
apoptosis
through
activation
numerous
signaling
cascades.
Furthermore,
according
recent
studies,
besides
direct
abovementioned
processes,
production
reactive
molecules
free
radicals
resulting
oxidative
distress
concomitantly
occurring
damage.
conclusion,
this
provides
complex
detailed
overview
mechanism
action
immunomodulatory
stress-related
toxin.
Understanding
these
crucial
developing
strategies
mitigate
impact
avian
future.
