Mycotoxins
are
secondary
metabolites
of
fungi
that
known
and
hypothesized
to
be
associated
with
linear
growth
faltering
because
their
impact
on
inflammation,
intestinal
damage,
inhibition
protein
synthesis
micronutrient
absorption.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
aim
extend
analysis
further
explore
associations
between
mycotoxins
(Aflatoxins,
Ochratoxins,
Trichothecenes
including
Deoxynivalenol,
T-2
Toxin
Fumonisins)
long-bone
growth,
particularly
during
the
saltatory
periods
development.
Given
is
a
direct
function
skeletal
development
biological
pathways
mechanisms
these
toxins
in
both
animal
human
studies,
addition
epidemiology
literature
(post
2020).
Based
preliminary
findings
from
have
identified
need
for
research
examination
how
exposures
may
studied
humans
elucidate
downstream
bone
related
biomarkers
anthropometric
indices
used
identify
predict
stunting
population-based
studies.
Nutrition Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 5, 2024
Abstract
Mycotoxins
are
secondary
metabolites
of
fungi
that
known
to
be
associated
with
linear
growth
faltering
because
their
impact
on
inflammation,
intestinal
damage,
inhibition
protein
synthesis,
and
micronutrient
absorption.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
aim
extend
analysis
further
explore
associations
between
mycotoxins
(aflatoxins,
ochratoxins,
trichothecenes
including
deoxynivalenol,
T-2
toxin,
fumonisins)
long-bone
growth,
particularly
during
the
saltatory
periods
development.
Linear
is
a
direct
function
skeletal
development
growth.
We
therefore
explored
biological
pathways
mechanisms
these
toxins
in
both
animal
human
studies,
addition
epidemiology
literature
(post-2020).
Given
what
effects
individual
combinations
based
literature,
have
identified
need
for
research
examination
how
exposures
may
studied
humans
elucidate
downstream
bone-related
biomarkers
anthropometric
indices
used
identify
predict
stunting
population-based
studies.
Drug and Chemical Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 14
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
Aflatoxin
B1
(AFB1)
and
fumonisin
(FB1)
are
toxic
secondary
products
of
fungi
that
frequently
contaminate
staple
crops
in
resource-limited
settings.
Antenatal
AFB1
FB1
exposure
may
cause
adverse
birth
outcomes.
We
conducted
a
retrospective
substudy
nested
case-control
cohort
HIV-infected
HIV-uninfected
women
≥20
weeks
gestation
from
Harare,
Zimbabwe.
Urinary
aflatoxin
M1
(AFM1)
FB1,
biomarkers
exposure,
respectively,
were
quantified
random
antenatal
urine
via
ELISA
grouped
into
tertiles.
The
outcomes
considered
low
weight,
preterm
(PTB),
small
for
gestational
age,
stillbirth,
defects,
neonatal
death,
jaundice
perinatal
death
(PD).
evaluated
any
associations
between
to
AFB1,
or
the
AFB1-FB1
combination
multivariable
logistic
regression
controlled
potential
confounders.
enrolled
94
81
women.
In
HIV-infected,
AFM1
was
detected
46/94
(49%),
86/94
(91%).
HIV-uninfected,
48/81
(59%),
74/81
Among
all
women,
tertile
3
associated
with
PD
(OR:
6.95;
95%
CI:
1.21-39.78).
same
population,
tertiles
2
13.46;
1.20-150.11)
7.92;
1.08-58.19)
PTB.
PTB
64.73;
2.37-177.93).
Our
results
revealed
an
association
including
those
infected
HIV.
Public
health
nutrition
measures
necessary
mitigate
mycotoxins.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
Mycotoxins,
a
category
of
fungal
secondary
metabolites,
frequently
contaminate
food
products
and
pose
severe
threat
to
human
health.
Aspergillus,
genus
fungi,
is
capable
producing
mycotoxins,
with
aflatoxins
(AFs)
ochratoxins
being
its
principal
types.
Aspergillus
mycotoxins
can
wide
range
crops
their
derivatives,
such
as
maize,
wheat,
rice,
minor
cereals,
peanuts,
thereby
threatening
feed
safety.
In
the
paper,
related
biosynthesis
genes
multifaceted
pathways
these
are
first
discussed
in
detail,
elucidated
several
global
regulators,
including
growth
conditions,
oxidative
stress,
cell
signal.
Furthermore,
how
shifts
temperature
water
availability,
driven
by
climate
change
(including
rising
temperatures,
increased
heavy
rainfall
frequency,
prolonged
droughts,
elevated
carbon
dioxide
levels),
key
determinants
proliferation
mycotoxin
production
explored.
Finally,
safeguard
animal
health
from
detrimental
impacts
effective
convenient
analytical
techniques
management
strategies
for
detection
prevention
contamination
analyzed.
Overall,
this
review
provides
promising
solutions
which
great
significance
ensuring
security
protecting
people's
lives
Toxins,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(1), P. 24 - 24
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
Food
contamination
with
mycotoxin-producing
fungi
increases
the
risk
of
many
diseases,
including
neurological
diseases
closely
related
to
neurotoxicity
these
toxins.
Based
on
latest
literature
data,
we
presented
association
common
Fusarium
mycotoxins
diseases.
Articles
from
2001
2024
were
analyzed.
The
mechanisms
underlying
described
presented.
They
are
mainly
increase
in
oxidative
stress
neuronal
cells,
which
leads
higher
levels
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
as
IL-1β,
IL-6
and
TNF-α,
enzymatic
activity
GST,
GPx,
CAT
SOD
neurotransmitter
dysfunction
(5-HT,
serotonin,
dopamine
GABA).
At
end
article,
based
attempted
present
ways
mitigate
mycotoxin
using
natural
substances
plant
origin.
data
this
review
focus
most
frequently
found
food
will
be
useful
comparative
information
for
future
studies.
It
is
important
conduct
further
studies
neurotoxic
effects
order
reduce
development
nervous
system.
BMC Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Aug. 28, 2023
Deoxynivalenol
(DON),
one
of
the
most
prevalent
mycotoxins,
has
been
found
to
cause
fetal
growth
retardation
in
animals.
However,
limited
evidence
exists
regarding
its
effects
on
pregnant
women.Maternal
urinary
concentration
total
DON
(tDON)
and
free
(fDON)
second
trimester
was
measured
using
liquid
chromatography
with
tandem
mass
spectrometry.
Provisional
daily
intake
(PDI)
calculated
based
tDON
concentration.
Linear
logistic
regression
models
were
used
evaluate
association
between
exposure
levels
birth
weight,
length,
risk
small
for
gestational
age
(SGA).Among
1538
subjects,
median
concentrations
fDON
12.1
ng/mL
5.1
ng/mL,
respectively.
The
PDI
values
revealed
that
0.7
µg/kg
bw,
35.9%
population
exceeded
provisional
maximum
tolerable
(PMTDI)
1
bw.
Compared
lowest
tertile,
weight
decreased
by
81.11
g
(95%
CI:
-127.00,
-35.23)
(P-trend
<
0.001)
63.02
-108.72,
-17.32)
=
0.004)
highest
tertile.
Each
unit
increase
Ln-tDON
Ln-fDON
also
inversely
associated
weight.
Furthermore,
compared
those
who
did
not
exceed
PMTDI,
women
whose
PMTDI
had
lower
(β
-79.79
g;
95%
-119.09,
-40.49)
length
-0.21
cm;
-0.34,
-0.07),
a
higher
SGA
(OR
1.48;
1.02,
2.15)
their
offspring.
Similar
associations
when
comparing
tertile
(all
P-trend
0.05).Maternal
is
related
Our
findings
implicate
during
pregnancy
may
faltering,
measures
should
be
taken
reduce
women.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
72(12), P. 6638 - 6650
Published: March 14, 2024
Accurate
quantification
of
mycotoxin
in
cereals
is
crucial
for
ensuring
food
safety
and
human
health.
However,
the
preparation
traditional
multisample
external
calibration
curves
(MSCCs)
labor-intensive
error-prone.
Here,
a
multiple
isotopologue
reaction-monitoring
(MIRM)-LC-MS/MS
method
accurate
quantitation
ten
major
mycotoxins
was
successfully
developed
validated,
where
novel
one-sample
multipoint
curve
(OSCC)
strategy
used
instead
MSCCs.
The
OSCC
can
be
established
by
examining
correlation
between
calculated
theoretical
isotopic
abundances
measured
abundance
across
various
MIRM
channels.
In
comparison
to
MSCC,
exhibits
outstanding
performance
including
superior
selectivity,
accuracy
(78.4–108.6%),
precision
(<12.5%).
Furthermore,
proposed
OSCC-MIRM-LC-MS/MS
applied
investigate
contamination
cereal
samples
China.
Considering
advantages
simplified
workflows
improved
throughput,
methodology
holds
great
promise
accurately
quantifying
chemical
contaminants
foods.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(10), P. 8743 - 8743
Published: May 14, 2023
The
goal
of
the
current
study
was
to
examine
effects
prenatal
exposure
fumonisins
(FBs)
on
bone
properties
and
metabolism
in
weaned
rat
offspring
divided
into
groups
intoxicated
with
FBs
at
either
0
(the
FB
group),
60
or
90
mg/kg
b.w.
group).
Female
male
exposed
a
dose
had
heavier
femora.
Mechanical
parameters
changed
sex
dose-dependent
manner.
Growth
hormone
osteoprotegerin
decreased
both
sexes,
regardless
dose.
In
males
osteocalcin
decreased,
while
receptor
activator
for
nuclear
factor
kappa-Β
ligand
increased
dose;
females
changes
were
dependent.
Leptin
FBs-intoxicated
groups,
alkaline
phosphatase
only
group.
Matrix
metalloproteinase-8
protein
expression
female
Osteoprotegerin
tissue
inhibitor
metalloproteinases
2
males,
dose,
disturbances
metabolic
processes
seemed
result
from
imbalances
RANKL/RANK/OPG
OC/leptin
systems.
