Microbiota medicine: towards clinical revolution

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 7, 2022

Abstract The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by the largest microbial community within body consisting of trillions microbes called gut microbiota. normal flora site many physiological functions such as enhancing host immunity, participating in nutrient absorption and protecting against pathogenic microorganisms. Numerous investigations showed a bidirectional interplay between microbiota organs intestines, lungs, brain, skin. Large evidence demonstrated, more than decade ago, that alteration key factor pathogenesis local systemic disorders. In this regard, deep understanding mechanisms involved symbiosis/dysbiosis crucial for clinical health field. We review most recent studies on involvement diseases. also elaborate different strategies used to manipulate prevention treatment future medicine strongly related quality our Targeting dysbiosis will be huge challenge.

Language: Английский

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The potential application of probiotics and prebiotics for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

npj Science of Food, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Oct. 5, 2020

Abstract COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This new viral infection was first identified in China December 2019, and it has subsequently spread globally. The lack of vaccine or curative treatment for necessitates focus on other strategies to prevent treat infection. Probiotics consist single mixed cultures live microorganisms that can beneficially affect host maintaining intestinal lung microbiota play major role human health. At present, good scientific evidence exists support ability probiotics boost immunity, thereby preventing colonization pathogens reducing incidence severity infections. Herein, we present clinical studies use probiotic supplementation tract These data lead promising benefits risk COVID-19. Further should be conducted assess combat

Language: Английский

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Gut-lung axis and dysbiosis in COVID-19

TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 44(3), P. 265 - 272

Published: June 9, 2020

COVID-19, a novel infectious disease, caused by SARS-CoV-2, affected millions of people around the world with high mortality rate. Although SARS-CoV-2 mainly causes lung infection, gastrointestinal symptoms described in COVID-19 patients and detection viral RNA feces infected drove attentions to possible fecal-oral transmission route SARS-CoV-2. However, not only but also particles are required for infection no proof has been demonstrated virus via yet. Growing evidence indicates crosstalk between gut microbiota lung, that maintains host homeostasis disease development association immune system. This gut-lung interaction may influence severity extrapulmonary conditions. Severity mostly associated old ages underlying medical Since diversity decreases during aging, dysbiosis could be reason older adults being at risk severe illness from COVID-19. We believe contributes course due its bidirectional relationship system lung. Dysbiosis results permeability leading secondary multiple organ failure. Conversely, disruption barrier integrity lead translocation into intestinal lumen circulatory lymphatic review points out role involving sepsis, on infection. Additionally, this aims clarify ambiguity SARS- CoV-2.

Language: Английский

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Detrimental effects of microplastic exposure on normal and asthmatic pulmonary physiology

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 416, P. 126069 - 126069

Published: May 11, 2021

Language: Английский

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Composition of Human Breast Milk Microbiota and Its Role in Children’s Health

Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology & Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 194 - 194

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Human milk contains a number of nutritional and bioactive molecules including microorganisms that constitute the so-called "Human Milk Microbiota (HMM)".Recent studies have shown not only bacterial but also viral, fungal, archaeal components are present in HMM.Previous research has established, "core" microbiome, consisting Firmicutes (i.e., Streptococcus, Staphylococcus), Proteobacteria Serratia, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Sphingomonas, Bradyrhizobium), Actinobacteria Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium).This review aims to summarize main characteristics HMM role it plays shaping child's health.We reviewed most recent literature on topic (2019-2021), using PubMed database.The sources origin were identified as retrograde flow entero-mammary pathway.Several factors can influence its composition, such maternal body mass index diet, use antibiotics, time type delivery, mode breastfeeding.The COVID-19 pandemic, by altering mother-infant dyad modifying many our previous habits, emerged new risk factor for modification HMM.HMM is an important contributor gastrointestinal colonization children therefore, fundamental avoid any form perturbation alter microbial equilibrium, especially first 100 days life.Microbial dysbiosis be trigger point development necrotizing enterocolitis, preterm infants, onset chronic diseases, asthma obesity, later life.

Language: Английский

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Development of Gut Microbiota in the First 1000 Days after Birth and Potential Interventions

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(16), P. 3647 - 3647

Published: Aug. 20, 2023

The first 1000 days after birth represent a critical window for gut microbiome development, which is essential immune system maturation and overall health. undergoes major changes during this period due to shifts in diet environment. Disruptions the microbiota early life can have lasting health effects, including increased risks of inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, neurological obesity. Maternal environmental factors pregnancy infancy shape infant microbiota. In article, we will review how maintaining healthy important long-term Furthermore, briefly include fungal colonization its effects on host function, are discussed as part ecosystem. Additionally, describe potential approaches such hydrogels enriched with prebiotics probiotics, transplantation (GMT) pregnancy, age-specific microbial ecosystem therapeutics, CRISPR therapies targeting hold advancing research development. Nevertheless, thorough evaluation their safety, effectiveness, impacts crucial prior application clinical approach. article emphasizes need continued optimize development through targeted early-life interventions.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome and Asthma: Microbial Dysbiosis and the Origins, Phenotypes, Persistence, and Severity of Asthma

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 486 - 486

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

The importance of the microbiome, and gut-lung axis in origin persistence asthma, is an ongoing field investigation. process microbial colonisation first three years life fundamental for health, with hundred days being critical. Different factors are associated early dysbiosis, such as caesarean delivery, artificial lactation antibiotic therapy, among others. Longitudinal cohort studies on gut airway microbiome children have found association between dysbiosis asthma at later ages life. A low α-diversity relative abundance certain commensal bacterial genera year development asthma. Gut a lower Phylum Firmicutes, could be related increased risk Upper especially by Moraxella spp., recurrent viral infections Moreover, bacteria respiratory system produce metabolites that may modify inception progression. role lung has yet to fully elucidated. Nevertheless, most consistent finding load predominance proteobacteria, Haemophilus spp. catarrhalis. In this review we shall update knowledge origins well its persistence, phenotypes, severity.

Language: Английский

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Human Milk Microbiome—A Review of Scientific Reports

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 1420 - 1420

Published: May 8, 2024

One of the most important bioactive components breast milk are free oligosaccharides, which a source energy for commensal intestinal microorganisms, stimulating growth Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides in child’s digestive tract. There is some evidence that maternal, perinatal, environmental-cultural factors influence modulation microbiome. This review summarizes research has examined composition microbiome may it. The manuscript highlights potential importance future development health children. origin bacteria thought to include mother’s tract (entero-mammary tract), bacterial exposure during breastfeeding, retrograde flow from infant’s mouth woman’s ducts. Unfortunately, despite increasingly more precise methods assessing microorganisms human milk, topic still quite limited requires scientific takes into account various conditions.

Language: Английский

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Microbiota and Immunity during Respiratory Infections: Lung and Gut Affair

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 4051 - 4051

Published: April 5, 2024

Bacterial and viral respiratory tract infections are the most common infectious diseases, leading to worldwide morbidity mortality. In past 10 years, importance of lung microbiota emerged in context pulmonary although mechanisms by which it impacts intestinal environment have not yet been fully identified. On contrary, gut microbial dysbiosis is associated with disease etiology or/and development lung. this review, we present an overview microbiome modifications occurring during infections, namely, reduced community diversity increased burden, downstream consequences on host–pathogen interaction, inflammatory signals, cytokines production, turn affecting progression outcome. Particularly, focus role gut–lung bidirectional communication shaping inflammation immunity context, resuming both animal human studies. Moreover, discuss challenges possibilities related novel microbial-based (probiotics dietary supplementation) microbial-targeted therapies (antibacterial monoclonal antibodies bacteriophages), aimed remodel composition resident communities restore health. Finally, propose outlook some relevant questions field be answered future research, may translational relevance for prevention control infections.

Language: Английский

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Obesity after Natural disasters and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Natural disasters occur unexpectedly, leading to long-term consequences like obesity. That contributes various noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. This review aimed examine the link between natural obesity, along with related risk factors. systematic relationship well associated A thorough search was conducted using electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, HINARI, Google Scholar. Additional articles were manually searched. Studies that reported weight gain factors included. The quality studies assessed Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. Data collected from eligible synthesized. participants in this research ranged 3 months 67 years old. Of 17 articles, 11 focused on children, while 5 adults 1 adolescents. All followed a cohort design, follow-up periods varying 6 15.5 years. Results indicated post-disaster, including sedentary behavior, unhealthy eating habits, maternal high Body Mass Index (BMI), mixed feeding, stress, alcohol consumption, coastal residence, temporary housing, timing disaster onset. emphasizes significance addressing post-disaster obesity pivotal aspect public health, suggesting its integration immediate priorities trauma management. Emphasizing long-lasting effects across generations, study offers policymakers valuable insights develop effective approaches tackling

Language: Английский

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