Molecular Ecology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
27(1), P. 216 - 232
Published: Nov. 14, 2017
Abstract
Understanding
the
genetic
basis
of
switch
from
asexual
to
sexual
lifestyles
in
response
sometimes
rapid
environmental
changes
is
one
major
challenges
fungal
ecology.
Light
appears
play
a
critical
role
asexual–sexual
switch—but
genomes
harbour
diverse
light
sensors.
Fungal
opsins
are
homologous
bacterial
green‐light‐sensory
rhodopsins,
and
their
organismal
functions
fungi
have
not
been
well
understood.
Three
these
opsin‐like
proteins
were
widely
distributed
across
genomes,
but
homologs
Fusarium
protein
CarO
present
only
plant‐associated
fungi.
Key
amino
acids,
including
potential
retinal
binding
sites,
functionally
diverged
on
phylogeny
opsins.
This
diversification
could
be
correlated
with
life
history‐associated
differences
among
expression
function
during
morphological
development.
In
Neurospora
crassa
related
species,
knockout
opsin
NOP‐1
led
phenotype
regulation
switch,
modulating
both
oxygen
conditions.
Sexual
development
commenced
early
∆
nop‐1
strains
cultured
unsealed
plates
under
constant
blue
white
light.
Furthermore,
comparative
transcriptomics
showed
that
light‐dependent
strain
abundantly
expresses
genes
involved
oxidative
stress
response,
enriched
NAD/NADP
proton
transmembrane
movement
catalase
activity,
homeostasis
protons.
Based
observations,
we
contend
regulate
via
light‐responsive
ROS
pathways
model
fungus
N.
other
Science,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
357(6354), P. 903 - 907
Published: Aug. 31, 2017
Algal
enzyme
driven
by
blue
light
Microalgae
make
hydrocarbons.
In
searching
for
the
responsible,
Sorigué
et
al.
found
a
glucose-methanolcholine
oxidoreductase
(see
Perspective
Scrutton).
Expression
of
in
Escherichia
coli
showed
that
hydrocarbon
production
requires
visible
light.
fact,
constant
input
photons
to
carry
out
its
catalytic
reaction.
A
long
hydrophobic
tunnel
stabilizes
fatty
acid
substrates
proximity
flavin
adenine
dinucleotide
cofactor.
Science
,
this
issue
p.
903
;
see
also
872
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Dec. 15, 2020
Ultraviolet
(UV)
radiation
directly
affects
plants
and
microorganisms,
but
also
alters
the
species-specific
interactions
between
them.
The
distinct
bands
of
UV
radiation,
UV-A,
UV-B,
UV-C
have
different
effects
on
their
associated
microorganisms.
While
UV-A
UV-B
mainly
affect
morphogenesis
phototropism,
strongly
trigger
secondary
metabolite
production.
Short
wave
(<350
nm)
negatively
plant
pathogens
in
direct
indirect
ways.
Direct
can
be
ascribed
to
DNA
damage,
protein
polymerization,
enzyme
inactivation
increased
cell
membrane
permeability.
is
most
energetic
thus
more
effective
at
lower
doses
kill
by
consequence
often
causes
damage.
Indirect
specific
pathways
such
as
UVR8-dependent
upregulated
defense
responses
plants,
ROS
accumulation,
production
phenolic
compounds.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
physiological
molecular
microorganisms
interactions.
Considerations
for
use
control
pathogenic
well
non-pathogenic,
are
listed.
Effects
increasing
specialized
metabolites
with
pre-treatment,
or
affecting
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
95(5), P. 1198 - 1232
Published: April 17, 2020
The
question
of
how
phenotypic
and
genomic
complexity
are
inter-related
they
shaped
through
evolution
is
a
central
in
biology
that
historically
has
been
approached
from
the
perspective
animals
plants.
In
recent
years,
however,
fungi
have
emerged
as
promising
alternative
system
to
address
such
questions.
Key
their
ecological
success,
present
broad
diverse
range
traits.
Fungal
cells
can
adopt
many
different
shapes,
often
within
single
species,
providing
them
with
great
adaptive
potential.
cellular
organizations
span
unicellular
forms
complex,
macroscopic
multicellularity,
multiple
transitions
higher
or
lower
levels
occurring
throughout
evolutionary
history
fungi.
Similarly,
fungal
genomes
very
architecture.
Deep
changes
genome
organization
occur
quickly,
these
phenomena
known
mediate
rapid
adaptations
environmental
changes.
Finally,
biochemical
huge,
particularly
regard
secondary
metabolites,
chemical
products
aspects
biology,
including
interactions.
Herein,
we
explore
interplay
cellular,
metabolic
traits
mediates
emergence
complex
phenotypes,
this
Fungi.
Annual Review of Genetics,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
53(1), P. 149 - 170
Published: Aug. 27, 2019
Fungi
see
light
of
different
colors
by
using
photoreceptors
such
as
the
White
Collar
proteins
and
cryptochromes
for
blue
light,
opsins
green
phytochromes
red
light.
Light
regulates
fungal
development,
promotes
accumulation
protective
pigments
proteins,
tropic
growth.
The
complex
(WCC)
is
a
photoreceptor
transcription
factor
that
responsible
regulating
after
exposure
to
In
Neurospora
crassa,
interaction
WCCs
their
binding
promoters
activate
transcription.
Aspergillus
nidulans,
WCC
phytochrome
interact
coordinate
gene
other
responses,
but
contribution
these
photobiology
varies
across
species.
Ultimately,
effect
on
biology
result
coordinated
transcriptional
regulation
activation
signal
transduction
pathways.
Molecular Plant Pathology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
22(7), P. 858 - 881
Published: May 11, 2021
Plant-pathogenic
fungi
are
a
significant
threat
to
economic
and
food
security
worldwide.
Novel
protection
strategies
required
therefore
it
is
critical
we
understand
the
mechanisms
by
which
these
pathogens
cause
disease.
Virulence
factors
pathogenicity
genes
have
been
identified,
but
in
many
cases
their
roles
remain
elusive.
It
becoming
increasingly
clear
that
gene
regulation
vital
enable
plant
infection
transcription
play
an
essential
role.
Efforts
determine
regulatory
functions
plant-pathogenic
expanded
since
annotation
of
fungal
genomes
revealed
ubiquity
from
broad
range
families.
This
review
establishes
significance
as
elements
provides
systematic
overview
those
functionally
characterized.
Detailed
analysis
provided
on
regulators
well-characterized
families
controlling
various
aspects
metabolism,
development,
stress
tolerance,
production
virulence
such
effectors
secondary
metabolites.
covers
conserved
with
either
specialized
or
nonspecialized
roles,
well
recently
identified
targeting
key
pathways.
Fundamental
knowledge
factor
avenues
identify
novel
improve
our
understanding
networks
linked
pathogen
evolution,
while
can
themselves
be
specifically
targeted
for
disease
control.
Areas
requiring
further
insight
regarding
molecular
and/or
specific
classes
direction
future
investigation
presented.
