Deep reefs are not universal refuges: Reseeding potential varies among coral species

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 3(2)

Published: Feb. 3, 2017

Deep coral reefs (that is, mesophotic ecosystems) can act as refuges against major disturbances affecting shallow reefs. It has been proposed that, through the provision of propagules, such deep may aid in reef recovery; however, this "reseeding" hypothesis remains largely untested. We conducted a genome-wide assessment two scleractinian species with contrasting reproductive modes, to assess potential for connectivity between (40 m) and (12 depths on an isolated system Western Atlantic (Bermuda). To overcome pervasive issue endosymbiont contamination associated de novo sequencing corals, we used novel subtraction reference approach. have demonstrated that strong depth-associated selection led divergence brooding Agaricia fragilis (with by depth exceeding location). Despite introgression from into populations, lack first-generation migrants indicates effective over ecological time scales is extremely limited thus precludes reseeding refuges. In contrast, no genetic structuring (or locations) was observed broadcasting Stephanocoenia intersepta, indicating substantial vertical connectivity. Our findings demonstrate within same differ greatly Bermuda apply only small number species. Overall, argue "deep refuge hypothesis" holds individual during episodic but should not be assumed broader ecosystem-wide phenomenon.

Language: Английский

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The status of coral reef ecology research in the Red Sea

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 32(3), P. 737 - 748

Published: June 20, 2013

Language: Английский

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The current application of ecological connectivity in the design of marine protected areas

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17, P. e00569 - e00569

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an area-based conservation strategy commonly used to safeguard marine biodiversity and ecosystem services. Ecological connectivity governs the exchange of individuals among spatially fragmented habitats is often highlighted as important element in design MPAs. However, degree which measured or modelled representations applied management decisions worldwide remains unclear. We reviewed scientific literature explore application MPAs located six countries regions with advanced spatial planning. Only 11% 746 we examined considered ecological criterion, increasingly so since 2007. Landscape measures such habitat linkages were most frequently by managers genetic modelling approaches scientists. Of that connectivity, 71% for state reserves California commonwealth Australia. This pattern indicates substantial geographic bias. propose incorporation planning needs become more accessible practitioners provide four recommendations together will allow scientists bridge this gap: 1. determine whether prioritize 2. identify role MPA supporting 3. appropriate temporal scale 4. improve regional knowledge patterns. also a framework facilitate communication metrics patterns between apply best available information adaptive networks

Language: Английский

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Integrating connectivity and climate change into marine conservation planning

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 207 - 221

Published: Jan. 25, 2014

Language: Английский

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Integrating climate adaptation and biodiversity conservation in the global ocean

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2019

The impacts of climate change and the socioecological challenges they present are ubiquitous increasingly severe. Practical efforts to operationalize climate-responsive design management in global network marine protected areas (MPAs) required ensure long-term effectiveness for safeguarding biodiversity ecosystem services. Here, we review progress integrating adaptation into MPA provide eight recommendations expedite this process. Climate-smart objectives should become default all areas, made an explicit international policy target. Furthermore, incentives use more dynamic tools would increase responsiveness as a whole. Given ongoing negotiations on conservation targets, now is ideal time proactively reform seascape climate-biodiversity reality.

Language: Английский

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Incorporating climate change adaptation into marine protected area planning

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 3251 - 3267

Published: March 28, 2020

Climate change is increasingly impacting marine protected areas (MPAs) and MPA networks, yet adaptation strategies are rarely incorporated into design management plans according to the primary scientific literature. Here we review state of knowledge for adapting existing future MPAs climate synthesize case studies (n = 27) how conservation planning can respond shifting environmental conditions. First, derive a generalized framework based on five published frameworks that incorporate inform design. We then summarize examples from literature assess goals were defined, vulnerability assessments performed or new MPAs. Our analysis revealed 82% real-world in tropical reefs, highlighting need research other ecosystems habitat types. found contrasting recommendations at stage, either focusing only refugia, aiming representative protection encompassing full range expected impacts. Recommendations more unified focused adaptative approaches. Lastly, evaluate common barriers adopting reviewing which conducted interviews with managers practitioners. This highlights lack evaluating different shortcomings current governance structures as two major barriers, discuss these could be overcome. provides comprehensive synthesis frameworks, studies, actions coordinated global effort adapt networks continued change.

Language: Английский

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Reexamining the science of marine protected areas: linking knowledge to action

Conservation Letters, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 1 - 10

Published: Nov. 4, 2011

Abstract Marine protected areas (MPAs) are often implemented to conserve or restore species, fisheries, habitats, ecosystems, and ecological functions services; buffer against the effects of climate change; alleviate poverty in coastal communities. Scientific research provides valuable insights into social impacts MPAs, as well factors that shape these impacts, providing useful guidance “rules thumb” for science‐based MPA policy. Both foster effective including substantial coverage representative habitats oceanographic conditions; diverse size spacing; protection habitat bottlenecks; participatory decision‐making arrangements; bounded contextually appropriate resource use rights; active accountable monitoring enforcement systems; accessible conflict resolution mechanisms. For MPAs realize their full potential a tool ocean governance, further advances policy‐relevant science required. These frontiers include on nontarget wide‐ranging species habitats; beyond boundaries, ecosystem services, resource‐dependent human populations, scale mismatches service flows. Explicitly treating “policy experiments” employing tools impact evaluation holds particular promise way inform advance

Language: Английский

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Persistence of self‐recruitment and patterns of larval connectivity in a marine protected area network

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 444 - 452

Published: Feb. 1, 2012

The use of marine protected area (MPA) networks to sustain fisheries and conserve biodiversity is predicated on two critical yet rarely tested assumptions. Individual MPAs must produce sufficient larvae that settle within reserve's boundaries maintain local populations while simultaneously supplying other MPA nodes in the network might otherwise suffer extinction. Here, we genetic parentage analysis demonstrate patterns self-recruitment reef fishes (Amphiprion percula Chaetodon vagabundus) an Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea, were remarkably consistent over several years. However, dispersal from this reserve varied between species through time. stability our estimates suggests even small may be self-sustaining. results caution against applying optimization strategies design without accounting for variable connectivity among

Language: Английский

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Incorporating asymmetric connectivity into spatial decision making for conservation

Conservation Letters, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 3(5), P. 359 - 368

Published: May 10, 2010

Abstract Real patterns of ecological connectivity are seldom explicitly or systematically accounted for systematic conservation planning, in part because commonly used decision support systems can only capture simplistic notions connectivity. Conventionally, the surrogates to represent plans have assumed connection between two sites be symmetric strength. In reality, linkages rarely and often strongly asymmetric. Here, we develop a novel formulation that enabled us incorporate asymmetric into system Marxan. We illustrate this approach using hypothetical examples river catchment group reefs, then apply it case studies Snowy River Great Barrier Reef, Australia. show incorporating reserve design leads solutions more effectively patterns, relative either ignoring assuming

Language: Английский

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Near-term priorities for the science, policy and practice of Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning (CMSP)

Marine Policy, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 36(1), P. 198 - 205

Published: June 20, 2011

Language: Английский

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