Social–environmental drivers inform strategic management of coral reefs in the Anthropocene

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 3(9), P. 1341 - 1350

Published: Aug. 12, 2019

Language: Английский

---

People and the changing nature of coral reefs

Regional Studies in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 30, P. 100699 - 100699

Published: June 3, 2019

Coral reefs are biodiverse and productive ecosystems but threatened by local global stresses. The resulting loss of coral is threatening coastal food livelihoods. Climate projections suggest that will continue to undergo major changes even if the goals Paris Agreement (Dec 2015) successfully implemented. Ecological include modified webs, shifts in community structure, reduced habitat complexity, decreased fecundity recruitment, fisheries productivity/opportunity, a shift carbonate budget some toward dissolution erosion calcium stocks. Broad estimates long-term (present value) services provided ocean's ecological assets exist useful highlighting value yet must be contextualised how people respond under ecosystem change. dynamic nature relationship between people, economies, environment complicates estimation human consequences economic outcomes changing environmental capital. Challenges have increased given lack baseline data our inability predict (with any precision) reef conditions, especially variability, flexibility, creativity shown communities economies Here, we explore three-dimensional structure affect benefits for specifically protection, habitat, tourism. Based on review available literature, make series key recommendations required better understanding change dependent reefs. These include: (1) studies frameworks responses climate within complex social setting such as reefs, (2) tools exploring benefits, markets, financial systems faced change, (3) integration these insights into more effective policy making.

Language: Английский

---

Mass coral bleaching causes biotic homogenization of reef fish assemblages

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 3117 - 3129

Published: April 6, 2018

Global climate change is altering community composition across many ecosystems due to nonrandom species turnover, typically characterized by the loss of specialist and increasing similarity biological communities spatial scales. As anthropogenic disturbances continue alter globally, there a growing need identify how responses influence establishment distinct assemblages, such that management actions may be appropriately assigned. Here, we use trait-based analyses compare temporal changes in five complementary indices reef fish assemblage structure among six taxonomically coral habitats exposed system-wide thermal stress event. Our results revealed increased taxonomic functional previously assemblages following mass bleaching, with subtle, but significant, shifts toward predominance small-bodied, algal-farming habitat generalists. Furthermore, while or richness did not all habitats, an increase originality indicated overall redundancy. We also found prebleaching better predicted than magnitude loss. These emphasize measures alpha diversity can mask important functioning as reorganize. findings highlight role structuring influencing fishes disturbance. new configurations emerge, their desirability will hinge upon associated capacity maintain key ecological processes spite ongoing disturbances.

Language: Английский

---

Microbial metabolism influences microplastic perturbation of dissolved organic matter in agricultural soils

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract An estimated 258 million tons of plastic enter the soil annually. Joining persistent types microplastic (MP), there will be an increasing demand for biodegradable plastics. There are still many unknowns about pollution by either type, and one large gap is fate composition dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from MPs as well how they interact with microbiomes in agricultural systems. In this study, polyethylene MPs, photoaged to different degrees, virgin polylactic acid were added at levels incubated 100 days address knowledge gap. We find that, upon MP addition, labile components low aromaticity degraded transformed, resulting increased oxidation degree, reduced molecular diversity, changed nitrogen sulfur contents DOM. Terephthalate, acetate, oxalate, L-lactate DOM 4-nitrophenol, propanoate, nitrate major molecules available microbiomes. The bacteria involved metabolism mainly concentrated Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, fungi Ascomycota Basidiomycota. Our study provides in-depth understanding microbial transformation its effects evolution soils.

Language: Английский

---

No coral recovery three years after a major bleaching event in reefs in the Southwestern Atlantic refugium

Marine Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 171(5)

Published: April 18, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Pelagic Subsidies Underpin Fish Productivity on a Degraded Coral Reef

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 1521 - 1527.e6

Published: April 18, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Mass coral bleaching due to unprecedented marine heatwave in Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (Northwestern Hawaiian Islands)

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. e0185121 - e0185121

Published: Sept. 27, 2017

2014 marked the sixth and most widespread mass bleaching event reported in Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, home to Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM), world's second largest marine reserve. This was associated with an unusual basin-scale warming North Pacific Ocean, unprecedented peak intensity of around 20°C-weeks cumulative heat stress at Lisianksi Island. In situ surveys satellite data were used evaluate relative importance potential drivers patterns 2014, assess subsequent morality its effects on coral communities 3D complexity, test for signs regional acclimation, investigate long-term change PMNM. Surveys conducted four island/atoll (French Frigate Shoals, Lisianski Island, Pearl Hermes Atoll, Midway Atoll) showed that percent varied considerably between islands/atolls habitats (back reef/fore reef depth), up 91% shallow Lisianski. The during best explained by a combination duration measured Coral Reef Watch's Degree Heating Week, community susceptibility (bleaching score each taxon * taxon's abundance total number colonies), depth region. Mean cover permanent monitoring sites decreased 68% due severe losses Montipora dilatata complex, resulting rapid reductions habitat complexity. Spatial distribution significantly different from 2002 2004 events likely differences local acclimatization. Historical demonstrated unlike any previous exposure corals bleaching-level has increased northern PMNM since 1982, highlighting increasing threat climate reefs.

Language: Английский

---

Comparing environmental DNA metabarcoding and underwater visual census to monitor tropical reef fishes

Environmental DNA, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 142 - 156

Published: Oct. 2, 2020

Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a revolutionary method to monitor marine biodiversity from animal traces. Examining the capacity of eDNA provide accurate measures in species‐rich ecosystems such as coral reefs prerequisite for their application long‐term monitoring. Here, we surveyed two Colombian tropical reefs, island Providencia and Gayraca Bay near Santa Marta, using underwater visual census (UVC) methods. We collected large quantity surface water (30 L per filter) above applied metabarcoding protocol three different primer sets targeting 12S mitochondrial DNA, which are specific vertebrates Actinopterygii Elasmobranchii. By assigning sequences species public reference database, detected presence 107 85 fish species, 106 92 genera, 73 57 families Bay, respectively. Of identified eDNA, 32.7% (Providencia) 18.8% (Gayraca) were also found UVCs. further congruence genus richness abundance between UVC approaches but not Bay. Mismatches had phylogenetic ecological signal, with detecting broader diversity more effectively smaller pelagic those deeper habitats. Altogether, can be used fast broad surveys applicable tropics, improved coverage database required before this new could serve an effective complement traditional

Language: Английский

---

A global analysis of complexity–biodiversity relationships on marine artificial structures

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 140 - 153

Published: Oct. 20, 2020

Abstract Aim Topographic complexity is widely accepted as a key driver of biodiversity, but at the patch‐scale, complexity–biodiversity relationships may vary spatially and temporally according to environmental stressors mitigates, species richness identity potential colonists. Using manipulative experiment, we assessed spatial variation in patch‐scale effects on intertidal biodiversity. Location 27 sites within 14 estuaries/bays distributed globally. Time period 2015–2017. Major taxa studied Functional groups algae, sessile mobile invertebrates. Methods Concrete tiles differing (flat; 2.5‐cm or 5‐cm complex) were affixed low–high elevation coastal defence structures, abundance colonizing quantified after 12 months. Results The varied among functional groups. Complexity had neutral positive total, invertebrate algal richness, abundances. However, algae ranged from negative, depending location group. tidal which placed accounted for some variation. total greater low mid than high elevations. Latitude was also an important source variation, with mollusc greatest lower latitudes, whilst cover invertebrates molluscs responded most strongly higher latitudes. Conclusions After months, between biodiversity habitat not universally positive. Instead, relationship local abiotic biotic conditions. This result challenges assumption that are variable effect has ramifications community applied ecology, including eco‐engineering restoration seek bolster through addition complexity.

Language: Английский

---

Thermal stress induces persistently altered coral reef fish assemblages

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 2739 - 2750

Published: June 18, 2019

Abstract Ecological communities are reorganizing in response to warming temperatures. For continuous ocean habitats this reorganization is characterized by large‐scale species redistribution, but for tropical discontinuous such as coral reefs, spatial isolation coupled with strong habitat dependence of fish imply that turnover and local extinctions more significant mechanisms. In these systems, transient marine heatwaves causing bleaching profoundly altering structure, yet despite severe events becoming frequent projections indicating annual the 2050s at most long‐term effects on diversity structure assemblages remain unclear. Using a 23‐year time series spanning thermal stress event, we describe model structural changes recovery trajectories after mass bleaching. Communities changed fundamentally, new emergent dominated herbivores persisting >15 years, period exceeding realized projected intervals between reefs. Reefs which shifted macroalgal states had lowest richness highest compositional dissimilarity, whereas reefs where live recovered exceeded prebleaching richness, remained dissimilar compositions. Given frequencies events, our results show historically associated will not re‐establish, requiring substantial adaptation managers resource users.

Language: Английский

---