Regional, circuit and network heterogeneity of brain abnormalities in psychiatric disorders

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 1613 - 1629

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

The substantial individual heterogeneity that characterizes people with mental illness is often ignored by classical case-control research, which relies on group mean comparisons. Here we present a comprehensive, multiscale characterization of the gray matter volume (GMV) differences in 1,294 cases diagnosed one six conditions (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum bipolar depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia) 1,465 matched controls. Normative models indicated person-specific deviations from population expectations for regional GMV were highly heterogeneous, affecting same area <7% diagnosis. However, these embedded within common functional circuits networks up to 56% cases. salience-ventral attention system was implicated transdiagnostically, other systems selectively involved schizophrenia attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Phenotypic between assigned diagnosis may thus arise heterogeneous localization specific deviations, whereas phenotypic similarities be attributable dysfunction networks.

Language: Английский

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The contribution of cutaneous thermal signals to bodily self-awareness

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Thermosensory signals may contribute to the sense of body ownership, but their role remains highly debated. We test this assumption within framework pathological hypothesising that skin temperature and thermoception differ between right-hemisphere stroke patients with without Disturbed Sensation Ownership (DSO) for contralesional plegic upper limb. Patients DSO exhibit lower basal hand temperatures bilaterally impaired perception cold warm stimuli. Lesion mapping reveals associations in right Rolandic Operculum Insula, these regions linked located posterior those associated deficits. Disconnections bilateral parietal are temperature, while disconnections a right-lateralized thalamus-parietal hub correlate discuss theoretical implications findings context ongoing debate on homeostatic shaping coherent ownership. Salvato et al. reveal thermosensory play bodily self-awareness. Their study right-brain highlights behavioural neural contribution disorders

Language: Английский

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Post-Stroke Outcome prediction based on lesion-derived features

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 103747 - 103747

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal prediction of motor dysfunction after stroke: a disconnectome study

Brain Structure and Function, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 227(9), P. 3085 - 3098

Published: Nov. 5, 2022

Abstract Motricity is the most commonly affected ability after a stroke. While many clinical studies attempt to predict motor symptoms at different chronic time points stroke, longitudinal acute-to-chronic remain scarce. Taking advantage of recent advances in mapping brain disconnections, we outcomes 62 patients assessed longitudinally two weeks, three months, and one year their Results indicate that disconnection patterns accurately impairments. However, leading impairment differ between three-time left right These results were cross-validated using resampling techniques. In sum, demonstrated while some neuroplasticity mechanisms exist changing structure–function relationship, prevail when predicting

Language: Английский

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Bayesian lesion-deficit inference with Bayes factor mapping: Key advantages, limitations, and a toolbox

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 271, P. 120008 - 120008

Published: March 12, 2023

Statistical lesion-symptom mapping is largely dominated by frequentist approaches with null hypothesis significance testing. They are popular for functional brain anatomy but accompanied some challenges and limitations. The typical analysis design the structure of clinical lesion data linked to multiple comparison problem, an association limitations statistical power, a lack insights into evidence hypothesis. Bayesian deficit inference (BLDI) could be improvement as it collects hypothesis, i.e. absence effects, does not accumulate α-errors repeated We implemented BLDI Bayes factor t-tests general linear models evaluated its performance in permutation-based family-wise error correction. mapped voxel-wise neural correlates simulated deficits in-silico-study 300 stroke patients, disconnection-wise phonemic verbal fluency constructive ability 137 patients. Both lesion-deficit varied across analyses. In general, find areas was statistically more liberal providing alternative identification associations. performed better situations which method typically strongly limited, example on average small lesions low where also provided unprecedented transparency terms informative value data. On other hand, suffered from led pronounced overshoot associations analyses high power. further new approach size control, adaptive that, many situations, able counter imposed increased true both summary, our results suggest that valuable addition portfolio specific exclusive advantages: deals smaller power (i.e. samples effect sizes) identifies regions absent However, superior established all respects therefore seen replacement. To make widely accessible, we published R toolkit

Language: Английский

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The neuroanatomy of Broca's aphasia

Frontiers in Language Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Introduction Broca's aphasia, a condition characterized by nonfluent speech and difficulty with language production, results from focal brain damage is most often caused stroke. Although traditionally linked to lesions in area (Brodmann areas 44 45 the left inferior frontal gyrus), recent evidence suggests that neuroanatomy of aphasia far more complex, implicating broader network cortical subcortical regions. This study aimed delineate specific white matter features that, when damaged, lead persistent aphasia. Methods 39 chronic cases 41 stroke survivors whose functions returned within normal limits (WNL) were included. Lesion analyses disconnection mapping conducted using Brainnetome Atlas Quantification Toolkit (LQT). Results highlighted critical role insula, particularly its hypergranular dorsal granular regions, which showed 99.2% 93.6% lesion overlap, respectively, cases. These along portions motor cortex parietal temporal lobes, contribute production processing. Importantly, defined minimal challenging conventional understanding In addition tract analysis revealed complete key pathways, including arcuate fasciculus, extreme capsule, middle longitudinal fasciculus. The corticospinal fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) also heavily disrupted, suggesting both their structural connections contributes hallmark symptoms Discussion findings emphasize distributed nature neural underlying extending beyond traditional include multiple regions associated tracts. provides new insights into basis impairment, offering nuanced

Language: Английский

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Disconnection in a left-hemispheric temporo-parietal network impairs multiplication fact retrieval

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 268, P. 119840 - 119840

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Arithmetic fact retrieval has been suggested to recruit a left-lateralized network comprising perisylvian language areas, parietal areas such as the angular gyrus (AG), and non-neocortical structures hippocampus. However, underlying white matter connectivity of these not evaluated systematically so far. Using simple multiplication problems, we how disconnections in brain affected arithmetic following stroke. We derived disconnectivity measures by jointly considering data from n = 73 patients with acute unilateral lesions either hemisphere white-matter tractography atlas (HCP-842) using Lesion Quantification Toolbox (LQT). Whole-brain voxel-based analysis indicated left-hemispheric cluster fibers connecting AG superior temporal be associated deficit. Subsequent analyses direct gray-to-gray revealed that additional (e.g., between areas) were significantly observed Results imply (i.e., AG) language-related middle gyri) seem specifically detrimental retrieval. This suggests recruits widespread emphasizes relevance for number processing.

Language: Английский

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Thalamocortical disconnection involved in pusher syndrome

Brain, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 146(9), P. 3648 - 3661

Published: March 18, 2023

The presence of both isolated thalamic and cortical lesions have been reported in the context pusher syndrome-a disorder characterized by a disturbed perception one's own upright body posture, following unilateral left- or right-sided stroke. In recent times, indirect quantification functional structural disconnection increases knowledge derived from focal brain inferring subsequent network damage respective lesion. We applied measures to sample 124 stroke patients investigate syndrome. Our results suggest hub-like function posterior lateral portions thalamus postural upright. Lesion symptom mapping investigating indicated diaschisis cerebellar, frontal, parietal temporal areas with suffering syndrome, but there was no evidence for convergence onto common network. Structural identified temporal, pre-, post- paracentral regions. Fibre tracking between lesion hotspots that it is disconnectivity caused accompanying white matter damage, rather than direct themselves, lead emergence analyses thus offer first thalamo-cortical (or cortico-thalamic) interconnection and, more importantly, shed light on location disconnections. Pusher syndrome seems be consequence thalamus.

Language: Английский

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Incremental Value of Stroke-Induced Structural Disconnection in Predicting Global Cognitive Impairment After Stroke

Stroke, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 54(5), P. 1257 - 1267

Published: March 29, 2023

Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is highly prevalent in stroke survivors and correlated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. This study aimed to identify the neural substrate of PSCI using atlas-based disconnectome analysis assess value disconnection score, a baseline measure for stroke-induced structural disconnection, prediction.A multicenter prospective cohort 676 first-ever patients acute ischemic was enrolled from 3 independent hospitals China. Sociodemographic, clinical, neuroimaging data were collected at stage stroke. Cognitive assessment performed months after Voxel-wise tract-wise uncover strategic pattern global PSCI. Disconnection score calculated each participant leave-one-dataset-out cross-validation. Multivariable logistic regression association between Prediction models without developed, cross-validated, compared terms discrimination goodness-of-fit.Compared lesions non-PSCI, those more likely have fiber connections left prefrontal cortex deep structures (thalamus basal ganglia). could predict risk severity during cross-validation, independently associated controlling all covariates (odds ratio, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.17-1.64]; P<0.001). Incorporating into reference model 6 known predictors resulted significant improvement both goodness-of-fit throughout cross-validation.A centered on cortex, thalamus, ganglia identified indirect analysis. The predictive has incremental preexisting sociodemographic, predictors.URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/enIndex.aspx; Unique identifier: ChiCTR-ROC-17013993.

Language: Английский

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Mental flexibility depends on a largely distributed white matter network: Causal evidence from connectome-based lesion-symptom mapping

Cortex, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 38 - 56

Published: May 5, 2023

Mental flexibility (MF) refers to the capacity dynamically switch from one task another. Current neurocognitive models suggest that since this function requires interactions between multiple remote brain areas, integrity of anatomic tracts connecting these areas is necessary maintain performance. We tested hypothesis by assessing with a connectome-based lesion-symptom mapping approach effects white matter lesions on brain's structural connectome and their association performance trail making test, neuropsychological test MF, in sample 167 first unilateral stroke patients. found associations MF deficits damage i) left lateralized fronto-temporo-parietal connections interhemispheric temporo-parietal right parietal areas; ii) cortico-basal connections; iii) cortico-pontine connections. further identified relationship disconnections within cortical composing cognitive control, default mode attention functional networks. These results for central role extend current literature providing causal evidence interdependence among regional subcortical structures network. Our emphasize necessity consider connectomics analyses establish comprehensive high-order functions.

Language: Английский

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