The need for hemispheric separation in pairwise structural disconnection studies DOI Open Access
Lisa Röhrig, Hannah Rosenzopf, Sofia Wöhrstein

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 31, 2023

Abstract The development of new approaches indirectly measuring the structural disconnectome has recently led to an increase in studies investigating pairwise disconnections following brain damage. Previous jointly analyzed patients with left hemispheric and right lesions when a behavior interest. An alternative approach would be perform analyses separated by hemisphere, which been applied only minority date. present simulation study investigated whether joint or separate (or both equally) are appropriate reveal ground truth disconnections. In fact, resulted very different patterns disconnection. contrast introduced bias disadvantage intra-hemispheric Intra-hemispheric were statistically underpowered analysis thus surpassed significance threshold more difficulty compared inter-hemispheric This statistical imbalance was also shown greater number significant than from is based on mechanisms similar those underlying ‘partial injury problem’. We therefore conclude that unilateral exhibiting specific disorder) interest should studied separately hemisphere rather analysis.

Language: Английский

The contribution of cutaneous thermal signals to bodily self-awareness DOI Creative Commons
Gerardo Salvato, Paul M. Jenkinson, Manuela Sellitto

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Thermosensory signals may contribute to the sense of body ownership, but their role remains highly debated. We test this assumption within framework pathological hypothesising that skin temperature and thermoception differ between right-hemisphere stroke patients with without Disturbed Sensation Ownership (DSO) for contralesional plegic upper limb. Patients DSO exhibit lower basal hand temperatures bilaterally impaired perception cold warm stimuli. Lesion mapping reveals associations in right Rolandic Operculum Insula, these regions linked located posterior those associated deficits. Disconnections bilateral parietal are temperature, while disconnections a right-lateralized thalamus-parietal hub correlate discuss theoretical implications findings context ongoing debate on homeostatic shaping coherent ownership. Salvato et al. reveal thermosensory play bodily self-awareness. Their study right-brain highlights behavioural neural contribution disorders

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Brain structures and functional connectivity in neglected children with no other types of maltreatment DOI Creative Commons
Natasha Y. S. Kawata, Shota Nishitani, Akiko Yao

et al.

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 292, P. 120589 - 120589

Published: April 1, 2024

Child maltreatment can adversely affect brain development, leading to vulnerabilities in structure and function various psychiatric disorders. Among the types of child maltreatment, neglect has highest incidence rate (76.0%); however, data on its sole adverse influence remain limited. This case-control magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study identified changes gray matter that distinguish neglected children with no other type (Neglect group, n = 23) from typically developing (TD 140), investigated association between these structural functional differences specific psychosocial phenotypes observed children. Our results showed Neglect group had a larger right left anterior cingulate cortex (R/L.ACC) smaller angular gyrus (L.AG) volume. The R/L.ACC was associated hyperactivity inattention. Resting-state analysis increased connectivity (FC) supramarginal (L.SMG) salience network (SN) middle frontal (R.MFG) simultaneously decrease FC L.ACC for same seed. R.MFG difficulty peer problems depressive symptoms; mediating effect evident symptoms. These suggest atypicality indirectly contributes disturbed FCs within SN, thereby exacerbating symptoms In conclusion, exposure childhood may lead maladaptive particularly neural

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Uncovering and mitigating bias in large, automated MRI analyses of brain development DOI Creative Commons

Safia Elyounssi,

Keiko Kunitoki, Jacqueline A. Clauss

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2023

Abstract Large, population-based MRI studies of adolescents promise transformational insights into neurodevelopment and mental illness risk 1, 2 . However, youth are especially susceptible to motion other artifacts 3, 4 These may go undetected by automated quality control (QC) methods that preferred in high-throughput imaging studies, 5 can potentially introduce non-random noise clinical association analyses. Here we demonstrate bias structural analyses children due inclusion lower images, as identified through rigorous visual 11,263 T1 scans obtained at age 9-10 the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study 6 Compared best-rated images (44.9% sample), lower-quality generally associated with decreased cortical thickness increased surface area measures (Cohen’s d 0.14-2.84). Variable image led counterintuitive patterns measures, altered apparent effect sizes ways for both false positives negatives. Quality-related biases were partially mitigated controlling hole number, an index topological complexity differentiated good specificity Baseline (0.81-0.93) 1,000 Year (0.88-1.00). even among highest-rated subtle errors occurred during preprocessing, their correction manual edits significantly reproducibly changed measurements across much cortex (d 0.15-0.92). findings inadequate QC undermine advantages large sample size detect meaningful associations.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
The two-network framework of number processing: a step towards a better understanding of the neural origins of developmental dyscalculia DOI Creative Commons
Elise Klein, André Knops

Journal of Neural Transmission, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 130(3), P. 253 - 268

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Developmental dyscalculia is a specific learning disorder that persists over lifetime and can have an enormous impact on personal, health-related, professional aspects of life. Despite its central importance, the origin both at cognitive neural level not yet well understood. Several classification schemas been proposed, sometimes together with associated deficit level. However, these explanations are (a) providing exhaustive framework levels observed complexity developmental behavioral (b) largely mono-causal approaches focusing gray matter deficits. We suggest number processing instead result context-dependent interaction two anatomically separate, distributed but overlapping networks function/cooperate in closely integrated fashion. The proposed two-network (TNF) series studies adults correlates underlying magnitude arithmetic fact retrieval, which comprised neurofunctional imaging various numerical tasks, application probabilistic fiber tracking to obtain well-defined connections, validation modification results using disconnectome mapping acute stroke patients. Emerged from data adults, it represents endpoint acquisition use mathematical competencies adults. Yet, we argue main characteristics should already emerge earlier during development. Based this TNF, develop schema phenomenological subtypes their evaluate against existing propositions available empirical data.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
The Calculating Brain DOI
Andreas Nieder

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(1), P. 267 - 314

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

The human brain possesses neural networks and mechanisms enabling the representation of numbers, basic arithmetic operations, mathematical reasoning. Without ability to represent numerical quantity perform calculations, our scientifically technically advanced culture would not exist. However, origins abilities are grounded in an intuitive understanding deeply rooted biology. Nevertheless, more symbolic skills require a cultural background with formal education. In past two decades, cognitive neuroscience has seen significant progress workings calculating through various methods model systems. This review begins by exploring mental neuronal representations nonsymbolic then progresses acquired childhood. During operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), these processed transformed according rules principles, leveraging different strategies types knowledge that can be dissociated brain. Although it was once believed number processing calculation originated from language faculty, is now evident linguistic primarily independently Understanding how healthy processes information crucial for gaining insights into debilitating disorders, including conditions like acalculia learning-related disorders such as developmental dyscalculia.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The need for hemispheric separation in pairwise structural disconnection studies DOI Creative Commons
Lisa Röhrig, Hannah Rosenzopf, Sofia Wöhrstein

et al.

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(16), P. 5212 - 5220

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

The development of new approaches indirectly measuring the structural disconnectome has recently led to an increase in studies investigating pairwise disconnections following brain damage. Previous jointly analyzed patients with left hemispheric and right lesions when a behavior interest. An alternative approach would be perform analyses separated by hemisphere, which been applied only minority date. present simulation study investigated whether joint or separate (or both equally) are appropriate reveal ground truth disconnections. In fact, resulted very different patterns disconnection. contrast introduced bias disadvantage intra-hemispheric Intra-hemispheric were statistically underpowered analysis thus surpassed significance threshold more difficulty compared inter-hemispheric This statistical imbalance was also shown greater number significant than from is based on mechanisms similar those underlying "partial injury problem." We therefore conclude that unilateral exhibiting specific disorder) interest should studied separately hemisphere rather analysis.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Transcranial direct current stimulation in semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia: a state-of-the-art review DOI Creative Commons
Davide Norata, Francesco Motolese,

Alessandro Magliozzi

et al.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

The semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia (svPPA), known also as "semantic dementia (SD)," is a neurodegenerative disorder that pertains to the frontotemporal lobar degeneration clinical syndromes. There currently no approved pharmacological therapy for all variants. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) promising non-invasive brain technique capable modulating cortical excitability through sub-threshold shift in neuronal resting potential. This has previously been applied adjunct treatment Alzheimer's disease, while data are controversial. In this scoped review, we summarize and critically appraise available evidence regarding use tDCS improving performance naming and/or matching tasks patients with svPPA. Clinical trials addressing topic were identified MEDLINE (accessed by PubMed) Web Science, November 2022, week 3. have unable show significant benefit enhancing svPPA patients. heterogeneity studies literature might be possible explanation. Nevertheless, results these may offer valuable insights into methodological differences overlaps, raising interest among researchers identifying new non-pharmacological strategies treating Further therefore warranted investigate potential therapeutic role

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Changes in the superior longitudinal fasciculus and anterior thalamic radiation in the left brain are associated with developmental dyscalculia DOI Creative Commons
Nazife Ayyıldız, Frauke Beyer, Sertaç Üstün

et al.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Developmental dyscalculia is a neurodevelopmental disorder specific to arithmetic learning even with normal intelligence and age-appropriate education. Difficulties often persist from childhood through adulthood lowering the individual’s quality of life. However, neural correlates developmental are poorly understood. This study aimed identify brain structural connectivity alterations in dyscalculia. All participants were recruited large scale, non-referred population sample longitudinal design. We studied 10 children (11.3 ± 0.7 years) 16 typically developing peers (11.2 0.6 using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. assessed white matter microstructure tract-based spatial statistics regions-of-interest tracts that had previously been related math ability children. Then we used global probabilistic tractography for first time measure compare tract length between groups. The high angular resolution imaging crossing-fiber allowed us evaluate pathways compared previous studies. major findings our reduced coherence shorter left superior longitudinal/arcuate fasciculus anterior thalamic radiation group. Furthermore, lower tended be associated performance. These results regional analyses indicate learning, memory language-related hemisphere might

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The need for hemispheric separation in pairwise structural disconnection studies DOI Open Access
Lisa Röhrig, Hannah Rosenzopf, Sofia Wöhrstein

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 31, 2023

Abstract The development of new approaches indirectly measuring the structural disconnectome has recently led to an increase in studies investigating pairwise disconnections following brain damage. Previous jointly analyzed patients with left hemispheric and right lesions when a behavior interest. An alternative approach would be perform analyses separated by hemisphere, which been applied only minority date. present simulation study investigated whether joint or separate (or both equally) are appropriate reveal ground truth disconnections. In fact, resulted very different patterns disconnection. contrast introduced bias disadvantage intra-hemispheric Intra-hemispheric were statistically underpowered analysis thus surpassed significance threshold more difficulty compared inter-hemispheric This statistical imbalance was also shown greater number significant than from is based on mechanisms similar those underlying ‘partial injury problem’. We therefore conclude that unilateral exhibiting specific disorder) interest should studied separately hemisphere rather analysis.

Language: Английский

Citations

0