Poor stress resilience in adolescence predicts higher risk of severe COVID-19 and other respiratory infections: A prospective cohort study of 1.4 million Swedish men

Journal of Psychosomatic Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 111935 - 111935

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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Cognitive ability, health policy, and the dynamics of COVID-19 vaccination

Journal of Health Economics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 102802 - 102802

Published: Aug. 19, 2023

We examine the relationship between cognitive ability and prompt COVID-19 vaccination using individual-level data on more than 700,000 individuals in Sweden. find a strong positive association swift vaccination, which remains even after controlling for confounding variables with twin-design. The results suggest that complexity of decision may make it difficult lower abilities to understand benefits vaccination. Consistent this, we show simplifying through pre-booked appointments alleviates almost all inequality behavior.

Language: Английский

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Blood Pressure Level in Late Adolescence and Risk for Cardiovascular Events

Annals of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 176(10), P. 1289 - 1298

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

Not enough is known about the association between blood pressure (BP) in adolescence and future cardiovascular events.To measure this using 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines for classifying BP elevation.Cohort study.Sweden.Males late who were conscripted into military from 1969 to 1997.Baseline was measured at conscription. The primary outcome a composite death or first hospitalization myocardial infarction, heart failure, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage.The study included 1 366 519 males with mean age 18.3 years. baseline classified as elevated (120 129/<80 mm Hg) 28.8% participants hypertensive (≥130/80 53.7%. During median follow-up 35.9 years, 79 644 had outcome. adjusted hazard ratio 1.10 (95% CI, 1.07 1.13), 1.15 stage isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) (CI, 1.11 1.18), 1.23 diastolic (IDH) 1.18 1.28), 1.32 systolic-diastolic (SDH) 1.27 1.37), 1.31 2 ISH 1.28 1.35), 1.55 IDH 1.42 1.69), 1.71 SDH 1.58 1.84). cumulative risk events also increased gradually across stages, ranging 14.7% normal 24.3% 68 years.This an observational Swedish men.Increasing levels are associated increasing risks major events, beginning level 120/80 Hg.Västerbotten County Council, Society Medical Research, Foundation Northern Sweden.

Language: Английский

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Genetic and Environmental Factors and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Adolescents

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. e2343947 - e2343947

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Importance Cardiovascular risk factors in youth have been associated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD), but conventional observational studies are vulnerable to genetic and environmental confounding. Objective To examine the role of shared by full siblings association adolescent CVD. Design, Setting, Participants This is a nationwide cohort study sibling comparisons. All men who underwent mandatory military conscription examinations Sweden between 1972 1995 were followed up until December 31, 2016. Data analysis was performed from May 1 November 10, 2022. Exposures Body mass index (BMI), cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, handgrip strength, combined z score late adolescence. Main Outcomes Measures The primary outcome fatal or nonfatal CVD, as recorded National Inpatient Register Cause Death before 2017. Results A total 138 833 (mean [SD] age, 18.3 [0.8] years), whom 463 995 brothers, for median (IQR) 32.1 (26.7-37.7) years, during which 48 606 experienced CVD (18 598 among brothers). effect controlling unobserved varied. In analysis, hazard ratios (top vs bottom decile) 2.10 (95% CI, 1.90-2.32) BMI, 0.77 0.68-0.88) 1.45 1.32-1.60) systolic 0.90 0.82-0.99) 2.19 1.96-2.46) score. percentage attenuation these ranged 1.1% strength 40.0% fitness. Consequently, difference cumulative incidence at age 60 years 7.2% 5.9%-8.6%) BMI 1.8% 1.0%-2.5%) Similarly, hypothetically shifting everyone worst deciles middle decile would prevent 14.9% whereas corresponding number fitness 5.3%. Conclusions Relevance this Swedish national study, adolescence, especially high important targets prevention, independently siblings. However, may overstated studies.

Language: Английский

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Alcohol related disorders among elite male football players in Sweden: nationwide cohort study

BMJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e074093 - e074093

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

To assess whether male elite football players are at increased risk of alcohol related disorders compared with men from the general population, and such an would vary on basis calendar year first playing season in top tier competition, age, career length, goal scoring abilities.Nationwide cohort study.Sweden, 1924-2020.6007 who had played Swedish division, Allsvenskan, 1924 to 2019 56 168 population matched based age region residence.Primary outcome was (diagnoses recorded death certificates, during hospital admissions outpatient visits, or use prescription drugs for addiction); secondary misuse other drugs.During follow-up up 31 December 2020, 257 (4.3%) 3528 (6.3%) received diagnoses disorders. In analyses accounting residence, time, lower among than (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.62 0.81). A reduced observed their early 1960s later, while no significant difference versus seen earlier eras. The hazard lowest around 35 years, then age; 75 a higher population. No association between scoring, number games, seasons Risk drug significantly 0.22, 0.15 0.34).In this nationwide study, competition

Language: Английский

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Depression and anxiety-related disorders and suicide among Swedish male elite football players: a nationwide cohort study

British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 58(2), P. 66 - 73

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Objective To assess whether male elite football players, during and after their active career, were at increased risk of depression anxiety-related disorders suicide, as compared with the general population. Methods We included players in Swedish top division 1924–2019 population (matched to based on age region residence) aged <65 years 1997. Using nationwide registers, we followed from first season (or date registered residency Sweden) or 1 January 1997, (captured through diagnoses hospital admissions outpatient visits, use prescription drugs) among versus controls. In a secondary analysis using data death certificates, suicide between males who alive 1969 (when cause became available) . Results During follow-up 31 December 2020, 504 (13.6%) 3719 7455 (22.3%) 33 425 had disorder. analyses accounting for age, residence calendar time, anxiety depression-related was lower (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.55 0.66). The protective association attenuated increasing around 70 similar two groups. 0.48, 0.32 0.72). Conclusions this cohort study Sweden,

Language: Английский

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Evidence for intergenerational transmission of biological risk for antisocial behavior: Low resting heart rate in fathers predicts elevated criminality in sons

Journal of Criminal Justice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 94, P. 102258 - 102258

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Early adulthood exercise capacity, but not muscle strength, associates with subclinical atherosclerosis 40 years later in Swedish men

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 407 - 415

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Abstract Aims Poor exercise capacity and muscle strength in early adulthood are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unclear how these relate to subclinical atherosclerosis due a lack of longitudinal studies. This study investigated whether associated with later atherosclerosis. Methods results included Swedish men (n = 797) who were eligible military conscription (at ∼18-years age) participated the baseline assessment visualization asymptomatic atherosclerotic optimum prevention trial between 2013 2016 60 years age). At conscription, isometric (dynamometer) maximum (maximal load cycle ergometer test) measured. During old), presence carotid plaques intima media thickness measured by using high-resolution ultrasound. follow-up, present 62% 493) men. Exercise 19% lower odds [odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68–0.96], independent strength. association was not mediated any single CVD factor. total indirect effect later, but early, significant, while direct non-significant (OR 0.85, CI 0.71–1.02). Associations non-significant. Conclusion Higher during adulthood, strength, may protect against plaque development combination rather than factors.

Language: Английский

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Do early life factors explain the educational differences in early labour market exit? A register-based cohort study

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Socioeconomic inequalities in labour market participation are well established. However, we do not fully know what causes these inequalities. The present study aims to examine extent factors childhood and late adolescence can explain educational differences early exit among older workers.All men born 1951-1953 who underwent conscription examination for the Swedish military 1969-1973 (n = 145 551) were followed from 50 64 years of age regarding (disability pension, long-term sickness absence, unemployment old-age retirement with without income). Early life factors, such as cognitive ability, stress resilience, parental socioeconomic position, included. Cox proportional-hazards regressions used estimate association between level education each pathway, including adjustment factors.The lowest educated had a higher risk through disability pension (HR: 2.72), absence 2.29), 1.45), 1.29) income 1.55) compared highest men. Factors explained large part but retirement. Important explanatory ability whilst cardiorespiratory fitness negligible impact.The due was by life. this seen These results indicate importance taking life-course perspective when examining later working

Language: Английский

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Prenatal and adult exposure to smoking and incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adults – a nationwide cohort study with a family-based design

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 100775 - 100775

Published: Nov. 4, 2023

Prenatal exposure to smoking is linked a reduced risk of type 1 diabetes in children. We wanted find out if the adult-onset individuals who are exposed prenatally or during adulthood.We Swedish, nationwide registers and prospectively analyzed incidence relation maternal pregnancy adult smoking. Everyone was followed until age 30 year 2019. employed cohort sibling design used adjusted Cox regression conditional logistic regression.For analyses there were 3,170,386 (18,745 cases diabetes) for 1,608,291 (1274 cases). associated with lower childhood young adulthood (age 20-24, Hazard ratio (HR) 0.76, 95% Confidence interval 0.67-0.87), but not at higher ages. The HR estimated 1.14 (CI 1.00-1.31) overall 1.34 1.03-1.75) those family history diabetes. In analyses, odds (OR) prenatal 0.71 0.62-0.81) children 1.06 0.75-1.51) adults 19-30), while conferred an OR 1.59 1.08-2.35).These findings indicate that by tobacco limited period developing childhood. Adult may be factor diabetes, especially people diabetes.Swedish Research Councils, Swedish Diabetes Novo Nordisk Foundations, China Scholarship Council.

Language: Английский

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