Medicina,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
60(11), P. 1805 - 1805
Published: Nov. 3, 2024
Background
and
Objectives:
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
the
most
common
neurodegenerative
disorder
in
world.
Due
to
failure
of
traditional
drugs
produce
a
complete
cure
for
AD,
search
new
safe
effective
lines
therapy
has
attracted
attention
ongoing
research.
Canagliflozin
an
anti-diabetic
agent
with
proven
efficacy
treatment
neurological
disorders
which
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
oxidative
stress,
apoptosis,
autophagy
play
pathophysiological
role.
Elucidation
potential
effects
different
doses
canagliflozin
on
AD
induced
by
aluminium
chloride
rats
exploration
molecular
mechanisms
that
may
contribute
these
were
primary
objectives
current
study.
Materials
Methods:
In
rat
model
effect
three
behavioural,
biochemical,
histopathological
alterations
was
assessed.
Results:
administered
chloride-treated
animals
dose-dependent
normalisation
behavioural
tests,
augmentation
antioxidant
defence
mechanisms,
inhibition
TXNIP/NLRP3
inflammasome
signalling,
modulation
SIRT1/HMGB1
axis,
interference
pro-inflammatory
pro-apoptotic
restoration
functions
hippocampal
tissues
approximately
baseline
values.
addition,
exhibited
interesting
ability
repress
chloride-induced
changes
brain.
Conclusions:
The
functions,
inflammatory
pathways,
signals
open
gates
towards
mitigation
pathologic
features
AD.
Inflammopharmacology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
32(1), P. 777 - 794
Published: Dec. 1, 2023
Abstract
Parkinson's
disease
is
a
neuroprogressive
disorder
characterized
by
loss
of
dopaminergic
neurons
in
substantia
nigra
pars
compacta.
Empagliflozin
(EMPA),
SGLT-2
inhibitor,
an
oral
hypoglycemic
agent
with
reported
anti-inflammatory
and
antioxidant
effects.
The
current
study
aimed
to
evaluate
the
neuroprotective
effect
EMPA
rotenone-induced
disease.
Rats
were
randomly
distributed
among
five
groups
as
follows:
control,
rotenone
(2
mg/kg),
+
(10
(20
mg/kg)
groups.
They
treated
for
30
consecutive
days.
Rotenone
reduced
locomotor
activity
retention
time
on
rotarod
performance
test
while
elongated
descent
latency
time.
On
other
side,
corrected
these
behavioral
changes.
These
results
confirmed
histological
examination
number
intact
neurons.
Moreover,
induced
alpha-synuclein
accumulation,
tyrosine
hydroxylase
expression,
dopamine,
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic
acid,
homovanillic
acid
concentrations.
reversed
such
effects
rotenone.
Depending
previous
results,
was
selected
further
mechanistic
studies.
ameliorated
superoxide
dismutase
catalase
activities
enhanced
lipid
peroxidation,
interleukin-1β,
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
levels.
By
contrast,
opposed
oxidative
stress
inflammation.
Besides,
expression
pAMP-activated
protein
kinase
(pAMPK),
peroxisome
proliferator-activated
receptor-gamma
coactivator-1α
(PGC-1α),
Sirtuin-1
(SIRT-1),
well
abrogated
NAD
/NADH
ratio.
However,
activated
AMPK/SIRT-1/PGC
-
1α
pathway.
hindered
wnt/β-catenin
pathway
reducing
wnt-3a
level
β-catenin
expression.
triggered
activation
Collectively,
may
provide
promising
solution
patients
worldwide.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(6), P. 671 - 671
Published: May 30, 2024
Carfilzomib
is
an
irreversible
proteasome
inhibitor
used
for
multiple
myeloma
patients.
However,
carfilzomib
treatment
associated
with
cardiovascular
complications.
Empagliflozin,
Sodium
Glucose
Co-transporter
2
(SGLT-2)
inhibitor,
oral
antidiabetic
drug
proven
antioxidant
and
anti-inflammatory
properties.
The
aim
of
the
present
study
was
to
determine
cardioprotective
effects
empagliflozin
against
carfilzomib-induced
cardiotoxicity.
C57BL/6
mice
were
randomly
divided
into
four
groups:
control,
empagliflozin,
carfilzomib,
+
empagliflozin.
Empagliflozin
prevented
cardiotoxicity
by
ameliorating
histological
alterations,
CK-MB,
troponin-I.
Moreover,
it
inhibited
oxidative
damage
inflammation
via
its
action
on
catalase
activity,
reduced
glutathione
levels
superoxide
dismutase
nuclear
factor-κB
(p65)
cytokine
levels.
Mechanistically,
abrogated
endoplasmic
reticulum
stress
induced
as
evidenced
effect
Regulated
Protein-78
(GRP-78)/Activating
Transcription
Factor
6
(ATF6)/C/EBP
homologous
protein
(CHOP)
axis.
Intriguingly,
significantly
autophagy,
that
further
enhanced
increased
LC3B
beclin-1
mRNA
expression
p62
expression.
apoptosis
confirmed
active
caspase-3.
Importantly,
did
not
alter
cytotoxic
human
U266B1
cells.
our
findings
suggest
may
provide
a
new
therapeutic
strategy
mitigate
in
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
167, P. 115596 - 115596
Published: Oct. 3, 2023
Cyclophosphamide
(CPA)
is
a
chemotherapeutic
drug
used
for
various
types
of
cancers.
However,
patients
receiving
CPA
long
periods
suffer
cognitive
impairment
associated
with
difficulties
in
learning,
decreased
concentration,
and
impaired
memory.
Chemotherapy-induced
impairment,
known
as
chemobrain,
has
been
attributed
to
enhanced
oxidative
stress
inflammatory
response.
The
current
study
aimed
identify
the
phytoconstituents
Callistemon
subulatus
extract
(CSE)
using
HPLC-ESI/MS-MS
analysis
evaluate
its
neuroprotective
activity
against
CPA-induced
chemobrain
rats.
Fourteen
compounds
were
identified
following
HPLC
including,
five
phlorglucinols,
four
flavonol
glycosides,
triterpene,
phenolic
acid.
Forty
rats
divided
into
groups
treated
ten
days
follows;
group
I
(control
group),
II
received
(200
mg/kg,
i.p.)
on
7th
day,
III
IV
CSE
400
mg/kg
respectively,
orally)
V
only
(400
days.
administration
effectively
ameliorated
deleterious
effects
spatial
short-term
memories,
evidenced
by
behavioral
tests,
Y-maze
passive
avoidance.
Such
findings
further
confirmed
histological
examination.
In
addition,
counteracted
effect
hippocampal
acetylcholinesterase
(AChE)
enhancing
level
acetylcholine.
Owing
antioxidant
properties,
it
hindered
redox
imbalance,
which
represented
catalase
reduced
glutathione
levels,
well
lipid
peroxidation.
Therefore,
may
be
promising
natural
candidate
protection
cancer
patients.
