Boron Toxicity and Deficiency in Agricultural Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 1424 - 1424

Published: Feb. 20, 2020

Boron is an essential plant micronutrient taken up via the roots mostly in form of boric acid. Its important role metabolism involves stabilization molecules with cis-diol groups. The element involved cell wall and membrane structure functioning; therefore, it participates numerous ion, metabolite, hormone transport reactions. has extremely narrow range between deficiency toxicity, inadequate boron supply exhibits a detrimental effect on yield agricultural plants. problem can be solved by fertilization, whereas soil toxicity ameliorated using various procedures; however, these approaches are costly time-consuming, they often show temporary effects. Plant species, as well genotypes within dramatically differ terms requirements; thus, available which deficient for one crop may exhibit toxic effects another. widely documented intraspecies genetic variability regarding utilization efficiency tolerance, together knowledge physiology genetics boron, should result development efficient tolerant varieties that represent long-term sustainable solution or excess supply.

Language: Английский

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Fortification of micronutrients for efficient agronomic production: a review

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2016

Language: Английский

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Boron toxicity in higher plants: an update

Planta, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 250(4), P. 1011 - 1032

Published: June 24, 2019

Language: Английский

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Synergies between mycorrhizal fungi and soil microbial communities increase plant nitrogen acquisition

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: June 21, 2019

Abstract Nitrogen availability often restricts primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are ubiquitous symbionts of plants and can improve plant nitrogen acquisition, but have a limited ability to access organic nitrogen. Although other soil biota mineralize into bioavailable forms, they may simultaneously compete for nitrogen, with unknown consequences nutrition. Here, we show that synergies between the fungus Rhizophagus irregularis microbial communities highly non-additive effect on acquisition by model grass Brachypodium distachyon . These multipartite result doubling acquire from matter tenfold increase compared non-mycorrhizal grown absence communities. This previously unquantified relationship contribute more than 70 Tg annually assimilated thereby playing critical role global nutrient cycling ecosystem function.

Language: Английский

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Insights into the Mechanisms Underlying Boron Homeostasis in Plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Nov. 17, 2017

Boron is an essential element for plants but toxic in excess. Therefore, must adapt to both limiting and excess boron conditions normal growth. transport primarily based on three mechanisms across the plasma membrane: passive diffusion of boric acid, facilitated acid via channels, export borate anion transporters. Under -limiting conditions, channels exporters function uptake translocation support growth various plant species. In Arabidopsis thaliana, NIP5;1 BOR1 are located membrane polarized toward soil stele, respectively, root cells, efficient from stele. Importantly, sufficient levels induce downregulation through mRNA degradation proteolysis endocytosis, respectively. addition, exporters, such as BOR4 barley Bot1, exclusion tissues cells under boron. Thus, actively regulate intracellular localization abundance proteins maintain homeostasis. this review, physiological roles regulatory discussed.

Language: Английский

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Ecological Potential of Plants for Phytoremediation and Ecorestoration of Fly Ash Deposits and Mine Wastes

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Nov. 13, 2018

Fly ash generates as the result of coal combustion in thermoelectric power stations whereas ore mining activities produce mine waste-rock and tailings worldwide. High concentrations metal(loid)s organic pollutants fly wastes are released into soil, air water presenting a global threat to surrounding environment human health. The environmentally sound management waste–rock includes monitoring stability dam construction seepage flowrate, prevention erosion dust spreading, reducing footprint facilities successful restoration / revegetation. Harsh conditions prevailing on deposits unfavorable mechanical composition pH, high soluble salts, lack nitrogen phosphorous, reduced number microorganisms fungus, toxic As, Au, Ag, B, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn presence PAHs PCBs. review addresses phystostabilization, phytoextraction, rhizodegradation phytodegradation main phytoremediation green technologies which use plants clean up contaminated area safe levels. Establishment self–sustaining vegetative cover is crucial for recovering ecosystem health, resilience. Therefore, here we have discussed essential role native ecorestoration process waste deposits. Additional emphasis given evaluation plant adaptive response pollution stress. This presents current knowledge phytomanagement deposits, tailings. Also, it provides new frontier physiology where physiological biochemical tools can be used predict stressors success projects.

Language: Английский

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Boron deficiency in woody plants: various responses and tolerance mechanisms

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Oct. 27, 2015

Boron (B) is an essential microelement for higher plants, and its deficiency widespread around the world constrains productivity of both agriculture forestry. In last decades, accumulating studies on model or herbaceous plants have contributed greatly to our understanding complex network B-deficiency responses mechanisms tolerance. woody however, only a few been conducted they are not well synthesised. Trees larger body size, longer lifespan more B reserves than do indicating that species might undergo long-term mild commonly complicated must accordingly be developed cope with deficiency. addition, highly heterozygous genetic background tree suggests may mechanism response tolerance plants. B-deficient trees usually exhibit two key visible symptoms: depression growing points (root tip, bud, flower, young leaf) deformity organs (root, shoot, leaf, fruit). These symptoms ascribed functioning in cell wall membrane, results damage vascular tissues suppression water transport. also affects metabolic processes, such as increased lignin phenol, decreased leaf photosynthesis. negative effects will influence quality quantity wood, fruit other agricultural products. efficiency probably originates from combined effect three processes: uptake, translocation retranslocation, utilization. Root morphology mycorrhiza can affect uptake trees. During root differences concentration between saps xylem exudates, use efficiency, play roles retranslocation primarily depends ability xylem-to-phloem transfer variety amount cis-diol groups. The requirement construction seems determine Therefore, review aims provide update

Language: Английский

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Boron: the essential element for vascular plants that never was

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 221(4), P. 1685 - 1690

Published: Oct. 6, 2018

Summary Although a requirement for boron is well‐established feature of vascular plants, its designation, almost century, as essential challenged and, instead, the proposal made that it has never been so conventionally defined. This because an alternative interpretation published evidence negates compliance with one criteria essentiality, effects are direct. The alternative, here postulated, is, and always been, potentially toxic, which, normal growth, development reproduction, needed to be nullified. was enabled by exploitation boron's ability chemically bound compounds cis ‐hydroxyl groups. particular cell wall carbohydrate polymers, glycoproteins membrane glycolipids among candidates this role, proposed soluble phenolic metabolites of, or related to, components pathway lignin biosynthesis, themselves primarily used plants. When metabolic circumstances allow these phenolics accumulate endogenously in cytoplasm, their own inherent toxicity also alleviated, partially at least, formation complexes boron. chemical reciprocity, enhanced physical sequestration vacuoles and/or apoplast, thus achieves, flexible but indirect manner, minimization toxicities both relevant phenolics. In ways, multifarious outcomes impairments, natural experimental, interplay responsible lack consensus explain diverse observed many searches primary considered nonexistent. particular, since toxic element cannot have ‘deficiency symptoms’, those previously so‐called postulated largely due expressed phenylpropanoids. A principal otherwise nullify, means sequestration, such expression. therefore neither nor beneficial currently strictly

Language: Английский

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Boron: More Than an Essential Element for Land Plants?

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 14, 2021

Although boron (B) is an element that has long been assumed to be essential plant micronutrient, this assumption recently questioned. Cumulative evidence demonstrated the players associated with B uptake and translocation by roots include a sophisticated set of proteins used cope levels in soil solution. Here, we summarize compelling supporting role mediating developmental programs. Overall, most species studied date have exhibited specific transporters tight genetic coordination response soil. These can from soil, which highly uncommon occurrence for toxic elements. Moreover, current tools available determine cannot precisely dynamics. We posit plays key metabolic activities. Its importance regulation development root shoot meristem phase transitions, are crucial processes completion their life cycle. provide further plants need acquire sufficient amounts while protecting themselves its effects. Thus, vitro vivo approaches required accurately levels, subsequently, define unambiguously function terrestrial plants.

Language: Английский

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Impact of micronutrients in mitigation of abiotic stresses in soils and plants—A progressive step toward crop security and nutritional quality

Advances in agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 78

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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