Effects of High-Potency Cannabis on Psychomotor Performance in Frequent Cannabis Users DOI
Hollis C. Karoly,

Michael A. Milburn,

Ashley Brooks‐Russell

et al.

Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 107 - 115

Published: Sept. 10, 2020

Background: Recently increased access to cannabis products in the United States has been associated with rates of driving after use. Although numerous studies indicate that impairs psychomotor and neurocognitive functions can affect ability, determination cannabis-impaired risk is complicated by extent which frequent users develop tolerance THC's subjective, cognitive, effects, fact there no validated behavioral or biological marker recent use cannabis-related impairment. This study examined impairment-related effects experienced Colorado naturalistic consumption smoked cannabis, both immediately 1 h postuse. Results were then a smaller replication sample from Washington state. Methods: In primary study, participants (n=70) used DRUID® mobile app, brief measure cognitive domains are sensitive cannabis. First, DRUID establish sober baseline impairment score. During second appointment, they at three time points: preuse, acutely using sample, (n=39) before acute every half hour for 2.5 h. Results: studies, peak seen use, recovery performance Specifically, significant quadratic emerged (Colorado study: (β=−0.935, SE=0.204, p<0.001); β=3.0299, SE=1.3085, p<0.01). Domain-specific tested larger observed reaction within complex divided attention task postural-stability balance task. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate emerges even regular users, but decreases significantly results underscore potential utility app assessing Further research needed explore whether and/or specific it assesses might serve as tool measuring Clinical trials registration number Study: NCT03522103.

Language: Английский

Association Between Recreational Marijuana Legalization in the United States and Changes in Marijuana Use and Cannabis Use Disorder From 2008 to 2016 DOI Open Access
Magdalena Cerdá, Christine Mauro, Ava Hamilton

et al.

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 77(2), P. 165 - 165

Published: Nov. 13, 2019

Little is known about changes in marijuana use and cannabis disorder (CUD) after recreational legalization (RML).To examine the associations between RML enactment use, frequent CUD United States from 2008 to 2016.This survey study used repeated cross-sectional data National Survey on Drug Use Health (2008-2016) conducted among participants age groups of 12 17, 18 25, 26 years or older.Multilevel logistic regression models were fit obtain estimates before-vs-after respondents states enacting compared other states.Self-reported past-month users, past-year CUD, users.The included 505 796 consisting 51.51% females 77.24% older. Among total, 65.43% white, 11.90% black, 15.36% Hispanic, 7.31% race/ethnicity. aged 17 years, increased 2.18% 2.72% enactment, a 25% higher increase than that for same group did not enact (odds ratio [OR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.55). users this group, 22.80% 27.20% (OR, 1.27; 1.01-1.59). Unmeasured confounders would need be more prevalent risk by 1.08 1.11 times explain observed results, indicating results are sensitive omitted variables. No found 25 years. older, 5.65% 7.10% 1.28; 1.16-1.40), 2.13% 2.62% 1.24; 1.08-1.41), 0.90% 1.23% 1.36; 1.08-1.71); these robust unmeasured confounding. enactment.This study's findings suggest although advanced social justice goals, small post-RML adults older potential public health concern. To undertake prevention efforts, further studies warranted assess how increases occur identify subpopulations may especially vulnerable.

Language: Английский

Citations

465
Early evidence of the impact of cannabis legalization on cannabis use, cannabis use disorder, and the use of other substances: Findings from state policy evaluations DOI
Rosanna Smart, Rosalie Liccardo Pacula

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 45(6), P. 644 - 663

Published: Oct. 11, 2019

Background: The past decade has seen unprecedented shifts in the cannabis policy environment, and public health impacts of these changes will hinge on how they affect patterns use harms associated with other substances.Objectives: To review existing research state substance use, emphasizing studies using methods for causal inference highlighting gaps our understanding evolving markets.Methods: Narrative quasi-experimental medical laws (MCLs) recreational (RCLs) disorders, as well or from alcohol, opioids, tobacco.Results: Research suggests MCLs increase adult but not adolescent provisions less regulated supply may disorders. These reduce some opioid-related harms, while their alcohol tobacco remain uncertain. RCLs is just emerging, findings suggest little impact prevalence potential increases college student unknown effects use.Conclusions: influence advanced importance heterogeneity policies, populations, market dynamics, relate to often ignore factors. Understanding requires greater attention differences short- versus long-term laws, nuances policies consumption, careful consideration appropriate control groups.

Language: Английский

Citations

248
Does liberalisation of cannabis policy influence levels of use in adolescents and young adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Maria Melchior, Aurélie Nakamura,

Camille Bolze

et al.

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. e025880 - e025880

Published: July 1, 2019

Objectives To examine the effect of cannabis policy liberalisation (decriminalisation and legalisation) levels use in adolescents young adults. Design Systematic review meta-analysis. Inclusion criteria Included studies were conducted among individuals younger than 25 years quantitatively assessing consequences change. We excluded articles: (A) exclusively based on participants older years; (B) only reporting changes perceptions use; (C) not including at least two measures (D) quantitative data; (E) reviews, letters, opinions papers. PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase Web Science searched through 1 March 2018. Data extraction synthesis Two independent readers reviewed eligibility titles abstracts read eligible articles, four authors assessed risk bias (Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort Cross-Sectional Studies). Extracted data meta-analysed. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO. Results 3438 records identified via search terms citation lists; 2312 retained after removal duplicates, 99 41 included our systematic review. 13 articles examined decriminalisation, 20 legalisation medical purposes 8 recreational purposes. Findings regarding decriminalisation or too heterogeneous to be Our meta-analysis suggest a small increase adults following (standardised mean difference 0.03, 95% CI −0.01 –0.07). Nevertheless, characterised by very low/low showed no evidence modifications. Conclusions Cannabis does appear result significant youths’ use, possible exception that requires monitoring. Trial registration number CRD42018083950.

Language: Английский

Citations

116
Alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana consumption is associated with increased odds of same-day substance co- and tri-use DOI
Daniel Roche, Spencer Bujarski,

R. Green

et al.

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 200, P. 40 - 49

Published: May 8, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

90
Adolescent Marijuana Use, Marijuana-Related Perceptions, and Use of Other Substances Before and After Initiation of Retail Marijuana Sales in Colorado (2013–2015) DOI
Ashley Brooks‐Russell, Ming Ma, Arnold H. Levinson

et al.

Prevention Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 185 - 193

Published: July 24, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

87
Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use DOI Creative Commons
Petter Grahl Johnstad

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Background There are well-established literatures documenting the associations between mental disorders and unhealthy behaviors such as poor diet quality, sedentary behavior, cannabis tobacco use. Few studies have attempted to understand respective findings in light of each other, however. Objective The purpose this review was assemble comparable data for behavior-disorder association assess terms their overall strength. aimed include a representative, but not exhaustive, range that would allow explorative comparisons. Methods Eligible were identified via Pubmed searches citation searching, restricted publications no older than 2015 written English. To obtain data, only reported odds ratios included, risk bias related study samples, behavioral measurement disparities, control variables assessed sensitivity analyses. Findings disorder compared on basis different measures central tendency. Results From 3,682 records, 294 included. found evidence four psychosis, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), post-traumatic stress (PTSD), while personality investigated relation In comparison, generally similar strength, use exceptional being significantly stronger its counterparts across behaviors. Analyses some influence from disparities lack adequate statistical control, robust Conclusion This comparative about equally strongly associated with disorders. Given general nature these associations, we should probably them reflect shared etiology. However, be regarded tentative until confirmed by more comprehensive investigations.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Medical and Recreational Cannabis Legalization and Cannabis Use Among Youth in the United States DOI
Aditya Pawar, Elizabeth S. Firmin, Timothy E. Wilens

et al.

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(11), P. 1084 - 1113

Published: March 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Has the Legalisation of Medical and Recreational Cannabis Use in the USA Affected the Prevalence of Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorders? DOI
Janni Leung, Vivian Chiu, Daniel Stjepanović

et al.

Current Addiction Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 403 - 417

Published: Sept. 21, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

61
Fatal crashes in the 5 years after recreational marijuana legalization in Colorado and Washington DOI

Jayson Aydelotte,

Alexandra L. Mardock,

Christine A. Mancheski

et al.

Accident Analysis & Prevention, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 105284 - 105284

Published: Sept. 10, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis concentrate products by U.S. state cannabis legalization status, 2021 DOI
Deborah S. Hasin, Jacob T. Borodovsky, Dvora Shmulewitz

et al.

Addictive Behaviors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 140, P. 107617 - 107617

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

20