Springer eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 21 - 34
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 459 - 472
Published: Dec. 15, 2021
The COVID-19 outbreak is emerging as a significant public health challenge. Excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, also known cytokine storm, severe clinical syndrome to develop complication infectious or inflammatory diseases. Clinical evidence suggests that the occurrence storm in acute respiratory secondary coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection closely associated with rapid deterioration and high mortality cases. In this review, we aim summarize mechanism SARS-CoV-2 subsequent immunological events related excessive responses ACE2-AngII signaling. An overview diagnosis an update on current therapeutic regimens vaccinations provided.
Language: Английский
Citations
115
ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(14), P. 13147 - 13157
Published: July 7, 2023
Despite the worldwide success of mRNA-LNP Covid-19 vaccines, nanoscale structures these formulations are still poorly understood. To fill this gap, we used a combination atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron (TEM), cryogenic (cryo-TEM), and determination intra-LNP pH gradient to analyze nanoparticles (NPs) in BNT162b2 (Comirnaty), comparing it with well-characterized PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil). Comirnaty NPs had similar size envelope lipid composition Doxil; however, unlike Doxil liposomes, wherein stable ammonium enables accumulation 14C-methylamine intraliposomal aqueous phase, LNPs lack such spite fact that 4, at which prepared, is raised 7.2 after loading mRNA. Mechanical manipulation AFM revealed soft, compliant structures. The sawtooth-like transitions seen during cantilever retraction imply molecular strands, corresponding mRNA, can be pulled out NPs, process accompanied by stepwise rupture mRNA-lipid bonds. Unlike Doxil, cryo-TEM granular, solid core enclosed mono- bilipid layers. Negative staining TEM shows 2-5 nm electron-dense spots LNP's interior aligned into strings, semicircles, or labyrinth-like networks, may cross-link-stabilized RNA fragments. neutral questions dominance ionic interactions holding together scaffold, raising possibility hydrogen bonding between mRNA lipids. Such interaction, described previously for another mRNA/lipid complex, consistent steric structure ionizable Comirnaty, ALC-0315, displaying free ═O -OH groups. It hypothesized latter groups get positions enable nitrogenous bases These structural features important vaccine's activities vivo.
Language: Английский
Citations
49
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1098 - 1098
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
This article reviews the synergistic effects of antioxidant-enriched functional foods and exercise in improving metabolic health, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms. The review incorporates evidence from PubMed, SCOPUS, Web Science, PsycINFO, reference lists relevant up to 20 December 2024, highlighting central role Nrf2 pathway. As a critical regulator oxidative stress adaptation, mediates benefits these interventions. presents an innovative approach understanding regulation inflammation, its potential prevention treatment various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular pulmonary diabetes, inflammatory conditions, ageing, infections such as COVID-19. novelty this study is investigate bioactive compounds found (such polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins) exercise-induced activation combined reveals their improve insulin sensitivity lipid metabolism reduce offering promising strategy for management chronic diseases. However, there are significant gaps current research, particularly regarding mechanisms interaction between diet, physical activity, activation, well long-term different populations, those with In addition, interactions other signalling pathways, AMPK, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, collective contributions health explored. Furthermore, novel biomarkers presented assess impact strategies, NAD+/NADH ratio, GSH markers mitochondrial health. findings provide valuable insights into how integration antioxidant-rich diet regular can by activating related pathways represent strategies disorders. Further studies needed fully understand therapeutic interventions diseases stress, disease, cancer.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 100, P. 108162 - 108162
Published: Sept. 17, 2021
Language: Английский
Citations
88
International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 889 - 900
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Vaccines are proving to be highly effective in controlling hospitalization and deaths associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, as shown by clinical trials real-world evidence. However, a deadly second wave of disease 2019 (COVID-19), infected SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant, an increased number post-vaccination breakthrough infections were reported world recently. Actually, variant not only resulted surge vaccine which was accompanied high viral load transmissibility, but also challenged development vaccines. Therefore, biological characteristics epidemiological profile current status mechanism discussed this article. In addition, significant role spike (S) protein immune escape highlighted particular, we further key points on future research development, hoping make contribution early, accurate rapid control COVID-19 epidemic.
Language: Английский
Citations
61
Cell Reports Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 100918 - 100918
Published: Jan. 12, 2023
With the widespread vaccinations against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we are witnessing gradually waning neutralizing antibodies and increasing cases of breakthrough infections, necessitating development drugs aside from vaccines, particularly ones that can be administered outside hospitals. Here, present two cross-reactive nanobodies (R14 S43) their multivalent derivatives, including decameric (fused to immunoglobulin M [IgM] Fc) maintain potent activity severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after aerosolization display not only pan-SARS-CoV-2 but also varied pan-sarbecovirus activities. Through administration mice, monovalent R14 significantly reduce lung viral RNAs at low dose pre- post-exposure protection. Furthermore, structural studies reveal mechanisms S43 multiple inhibition effects derivatives exert. Our work demonstrates promising convenient drug candidates via SARS-CoV-2 infection, which contribute containing COVID-19 pandemic.
Language: Английский
Citations
37
Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 451 - 451
Published: Feb. 3, 2023
The SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 disease) uses Spike proteins of its envelope infecting target cells expressing on membrane angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) that acts as a receptor. To control pandemic, genetically engineered vaccines have been designed inducing neutralizing antibodies against proteins. These do not act like traditional protein-based vaccines, they deliver message in form mRNA or DNA to host then produce and expose protein (from which it can be shed soluble form) alert immune system. Mass vaccination has brought light various adverse effects associated with these based mainly affecting circulatory cardiovascular ACE2 is present membrane-bound several cell types, including mucosa upper gastrointestinal tracts, endothelium, platelets, plasma. converts vasoconstrictor II into peptides vasodilator properties. Here we review pathways immunization molecular mechanisms through protein, either from encoded by mRNA-based interferes Renin-Angiotensin-System governed ACE2, thus altering homeostasis circulation Understanding interactions consequent impact system will direct diagnosis therapy vaccine-related provide information development personalized considers pathophysiological conditions predisposing such events.
Language: Английский
Citations
31
The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 100835 - 100835
Published: July 11, 2023
SIM0417 (SSD8432) is an orally administered coronavirus main proteinase (3CL
Language: Английский
Citations
28
The Lancet Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. e301 - e305
Published: Jan. 13, 2024
The COVID-19 pandemic led to the rapid development of tests diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection and ascertain prevalence infection, along with formulation various treatments vaccines. Globally, over 220 anti-SARS-CoV-2 serological assays have been developed for laboratory use, many these are currently used assess immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. However, because were independently by different manufacturers target antigens, immunoglobulin detection, technologies, data reporting approaches, results not directly comparable, making it challenging draw conclusions regarding at population level. With deficiencies in assay validation, standardisation, harmonisation, inability use compare large datasets is becoming a major issue as continue increase. To help addressing this issue, WHO established first International Standard late 2020. In Personal View, we define immunoglobulin, summarise uses primary versus secondary serology standards, recommend such standards list guidance resources using improve comparability.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 139532 - 139532
Published: Jan. 5, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1