Research progress on fecal microbiota transplantation in tumor prevention and treatment

Open Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract The application of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a therapeutic strategy to directly modify the makeup gut has made significant progress in last few decades. microbiota, sizable microbial community present human gut, is essential for digestion, immunomodulation, and nutrition absorption. Alternatively, growing body research indicates that key contributor cancer, intratumoral bacteria are considered be crucial “accomplices” development metastasis malignancies. exceptional clinical effectiveness FMT treating melanoma patients been adequately established earlier research, which created new avenues diagnosis treatment cancer sparked an increasing interest prevention other cancers. However, further on function mechanisms required properly comprehend impact role these organisms tumor regulation. In this article, we detailed account influence entire course patients’ illness treatment, from development, metastasis, invasion, prognosis, well address associated mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and oral cavity cancer: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 30, 2024

This study employs a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to systematically evaluate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and oral cavity cancer (OCC). Objective To address challenge in establishing OCC, we applied systematic MR analysis. Methods Utilizing GWAS data from MiBioGen consortium (18,340 individuals) UK Biobank (n = 264,137), selected instrumental variables employed MR-Egger, weighted median, IVW, mode analyses. Heterogeneity pleiotropy were assessed using Cochran’s Q test MR-Egger intercept test. Results Our findings indicate, at order level, Bacteroidales (OR 0.9990, 95% CI 0.9980–1.0000, P 0.046 ), Burkholderiales 1.0009, 1.0001–1.0018, 0.033 Victivallales 0.9979, 0.9962–0.9995, 0.037 ) exhibit causality on OCC Weighted analyses, respectively. At family Alcaligenaceae 1.0012, 1.0004–1.0019, 0.002 Clostridiaceae1 0.9970, 0.9948–0.9992, 0.027 show IVW genus Clostridiumsensustricto1 (IVW, OR 0.9987, 0.9980–0.9995, 0.001 ; 0.9978, 0.035 Desulfovibrio 1.0008, 1.0001–1.0015, 0.016 Eggerthella 0.9995, 0.9990–1.0000, 0.048 Eubacterium fissicatena group 1.0005, 1.0000–1.0009, 0.032 Holdemanella 0.9994, 0.9989–0.9999, 0.018 are implicated causing related Conclusion identifies order, family, genus, as causally increasing risk. In contrast, associated with decreased However, further investigations essential delineate an optimal composition unravel underlying mechanisms of specific bacterial taxa pathophysiology.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Ensembles of Microbiotic Metabolites in Carcinogenesis

Biochemistry (Moscow), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 88(7), P. 867 - 879

Published: July 1, 2023

Abstract The mechanisms of carcinogenesis are extremely complex and involve multiple components that contribute to the malignant cell transformation, tumor growth, metastasis. In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in role symbiotic human microbiota regulation metabolism functioning host immune system. symbiosis between macroorganism its given rise concept holoorganism. Interactions holoorganism have formed process coevolution, resulting acquisition by microbiotic metabolites special signaling molecules main regulators molecular interactions As elements pathways organism, bacterial become essential participants various physiological pathological processes, including growth. At same time, often exhibit effects impact both functions cells metabolic activity composition microbiome. This review discusses induction prevention transformation organism their on efficacy anticancer therapy, with emphasis involvement some microbial metabolite ensemble initiation progression

Language: Английский

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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of the Tumor Stroma in Colorectal Cancer: Insights into Disease Progression and Therapeutic Targets

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2361 - 2361

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health burden worldwide and the third most common type of cancer. The early detection diagnosis CRC critical to improve patient outcomes. This review explores intricate interplay between tumor microenvironment, stromal interactions, progression metastasis colorectal begins by assessing gut microbiome’s influence on development, emphasizing its association with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). role Wnt signaling pathway in stroma scrutinized, elucidating impact disease progression. Tumor budding, effect stroma, implications for prognosis are investigated. also identifies conserved oncogenic signatures (COS) within their potential as therapeutic targets. Lastly, seed soil hypothesis employed contextualize metastasis, accentuating significance both cells surrounding metastatic propensity. highlights interdependence providing valuable insights into prospective approaches targeting tumor–stroma interactions.

Language: Английский

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Immunotherapy for renal cell carcinoma: New therapeutic combinations and adverse event management strategies: A review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(30), P. e38991 - e38991

Published: July 26, 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations, as well ICIs combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have considerable potential for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment. Newer targeted medications, gut microbiome, nanomedicines, and cyclin-dependent (CDK) inhibitors demonstrate significant in preventing side effects resistance associated RCC Most patients, including those demonstrating long-term treatment effects, eventually cancer progression. Nevertheless, recent studies further revealed pathogenesis many acquired drug mechanisms, which together led to the identification of promising therapeutic targets. In addition having roles metabolism, immunogenicity, immune response tumors, CDK4 CDK6 regulate cycle. Targeting CDK6, either separately or combination already approved treatments, may improve outcomes patients kidney cancer. Other novel drugs, pegylated interleukin 10, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor CD40 agonists, C-X-C 4 affect tumor microenvironment metabolism. Moreover, a triple ICI has been noted be efficacious. general, compared sunitinib single-drug treatment, newer combinations overall survival RCC. Future research on prevention adverse events medication related therapies aid ensuring effective among This article aims summarize innovative immunotherapy mechanisms action, resistance, these combinations.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacomicrobiomics in precision cancer therapy: bench to bedside

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

The burgeoning field of pharmacomicrobiomics offers promising insights into the intricate interplay between microbiome and cancer, shaping responses to diverse treatment modalities. This review aims analyze molecular mechanisms underlying interactions distinct microbiota types as well their influence on outcomes. We explore how impacts antitumor immunity, response chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, unveiling its multifaceted roles in cancer progression therapy resistance. Moreover, we discuss challenges hindering development microbiome-based interventions including standardization, validation, clinical translation. By synthesizing evidence, underscore transformative potential harnessing guiding decisions, paving way for improved patient outcomes practice.

Language: Английский

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Mucosal microbiota characterization in gastric cancer identifies immune-activated–related transcripts relevant gastric microbiome signatures

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Tumor microenvironment (TME) immune cells and gastric mucosal microbiome constitute two vital elements of tumor tissue. Increasing evidence has elucidated their clinicopathological significance in predicting outcomes therapeutic efficacy. However, comprehensive characterization cell-associated signatures the TME is still early stages development. Here, we characterized mucosa its associations with immune-activated related transcripts (IATs) 170 GC tissues matched non-tumor using 16s rRNA gene sequencing quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Microbial diversity richness were significantly higher than tissues. Differences microbial composition between groups evident, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Campilobacterota, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Acidobacteriota, Cyanobacteria being dominant phyla microbiota. interaction network analysis revealed distinctive centralities oral bacteria (such as Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Prevotella , etc.) both normal mucosae networks, suggesting significant influence on ecology. Furthermore, analyzed expression IATs (CXCL9, CXCL10, GZMA, GZMB, PRF1, CD8A, IFNG, TBX2, TNF) IAT-relevant patients. Our results showed that CXCL9, PRF1 IFNG was adjacent Notably, high associated improved survival patients could serve a powerful predictor for disease-free survival. Additionally, IAT levels microbiota correlation increased evenness group, potential interactions immunopathology. Spearman positive specific bacterial species. Akkermansia muciniphila demonstrated involvement modulating GZMB microenvironment. These findings underscore importance alterations suggest targets focusing clinical outcomes. The detailed these profound implications treatment prediction GC. We observed compared to differences highlight unique landscape tumors development progression. Importantly, our study patient This suggests not only reflect activation but also valuable biomarkers predictive markers underscores utility guiding strategies personalizing approaches. Moreover, diverse balanced may enhance responses contribute better critical need consider management. Targeting emerge promising strategy, potentially leading more effective treatments Understanding microbiome’s role opens new avenues innovative interventions personalized medicine.

Language: Английский

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Insights into the Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Solid Tumors

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(24), P. 4271 - 4271

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors represents a revolutionary approach to the treatment of solid tumors, including malignant melanoma, lung cancer, and gastrointestinal malignancies. Anti-CTLA-4 anti-PD-1/PDL-1 therapies provide prolonged survival for cancer patients, but their efficacy safety are highly variable. This review focuses on crucial role gut microbiome in modulating toxicity blockade. Studies suggest that composition may influence response immunotherapy, specific bacterial strains able promote an anti-tumor response. On other hand, dysbiosis increase risk adverse effects, such as immune-mediated colitis. Interventions aimed at microbiome, use probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbial transplantation, or dietary modifications, represent promising strategies reduce toxicity. The combination immunotherapy microbiome-based strategy opens up new possibilities personalized treatment. In addition, factors physical activity nutritional supplementation indirectly ecosystem consequently improve outcomes refractory leading enhanced patient responses survival.

Language: Английский

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Potential role of gut microbes in the efficacy and toxicity of immune checkpoints inhibitors

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 21, 2023

In recent years, Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been extensively used in the treatment of a variety cancers. However, response rates ranging from 13% to 69% depending on tumor type and emergence immune-related adverse events posed significant challenges for clinical treatment. As key environmental factor, gut microbes important physiological functions such as regulating intestinal nutrient metabolism, promoting mucosal renewal, maintaining immune activity. A growing number studies revealed that further influence anticancer effects patients through modulation efficacy toxicity inhibitors. Currently, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) developed relatively mature suggested an regulator order enhance This review is dedicated exploring impact differences flora composition well summarizing current progress FMT.

Language: Английский

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Disputes and Challenges of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Gastrointestinal Cancers

Frontiers research topics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving way scholarly research managed.The grand vision Frontiers where all people have an equal opportunity seek, share and generate knowledge.Frontiers provides immediate permanent online open access its publications, but this alone not enough realize our goals. journal seriesThe series multi-tier interdisciplinary set openaccess, journals, promising paradigm shift from current review, selection dissemination processes in academic publishing.All journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute service community.At same time, operates on revolutionary invention, tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities scholars, gradually climbing up broader public understanding, thus serving interests lay society, too. Dedication qualityEach article landmark highest quality, thanks genuinely collaborative interactions between authors review editors, who include some world's best academicians.Research must be certified peers before entering stream knowledge that may eventually reach -and shape society; only applies most rigorous unbiased reviews.Frontiers revolutionizes freely delivering outstanding research, evaluated with no bias both social point view.By applying advanced information technologies, catapulting into new generation.

Language: Английский

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