Integrated omics analysis reveals differences in gut microbiota and gut-host metabolite profiles between obese and lean chickens

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 101(11), P. 102165 - 102165

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

Abdominal fat is the major adipose tissue in chickens. In chicken, deposition of abdominal affects meat yield and quality. Previous reports suggest that gut microbiota composition function are associated with lipid metabolism. this study, we used comparative metagenomics metabolomics analysis to determine gut-host metabolite profiles Shouguang (SG; a Chinese chicken breed low-fat deposition) Luqin (LQ; fatty-type fast growth rate) The results showed LQ chickens had higher body weight, eviscerated yield, ratio, triglyceride (TG) content breast muscle than SG Untargeted analyses total 11 liver metabolites, 19 plasma 30 cecal metabolites differentially enriched based on variable importance projection (VIP) ≥ 1 P ≤ 0.05. These involved amino acid relative abundance bacteria differed significantly between 2 breeds. functional prediction abundant was starch lactose degradation. Erysipelatoclostridium positively correlated palmitoyl ethanolamide (PEA), key regulator Our findings revealed differences breeds different capacities. Long-chain acylcarnitines might be important markers cecum's microbial communities metabolome However, relationship their not thoroughly understood. Future research will focus relating changes intestinal effects deposition.

Language: Английский

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Paradigm Shift in Phytochemicals Research: Evolution from Antioxidant Capacity to Anti-Inflammatory Effect and to Roles in Gut Health and Metabolic Syndrome

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 70(28), P. 8551 - 8568

Published: July 6, 2022

Food bioactive components, particularly phytochemicals with antioxidant capacity, have been extensively studied over the past two decades. However, as new analytical and molecular biological tools advance, antioxidants related research has undergone significant paradigm shifts. This review is a high-level overview of evolution phytochemical research. Early used chemical models to assess capacity different phytochemicals, which provided important information about health potential, but results were overused misinterpreted despite lack relevance (Antioxidants v1.0). led findings in anti-inflammatory properties modulatory effects cell signaling v2.0). Recent advances role diet modulating gut microbiota suggested phase food bioactives along phytochemicals–gut microbiota–intestinal metabolites–low-grade inflammation–metabolic syndrome axis v3.0). Polyphenols carotenoids discussed in-depth, future directions also provided.

Language: Английский

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Potential novel biomarkers in small intestine for obesity/obesity resistance revealed by multi-omics analysis

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Oct. 8, 2022

Abstract Background Although obesity is caused by different factors, individual susceptibility to differs among people under the same circumstances. The microbiota in caecum or fresh faeces and metabolites blood urine contribute resistance; however, small intestine have not been extensively studied. Methods To investigate relationship between obesity, eighty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks establish two models of resistance. For further study, six chosen from models, twelve randomly resistance models. After fasting plasma glucose behavioural testing, single cages another 4 observe their weight food intake. All sacrificed at 20 age. Serum ALT, AST, HDL, LDL, TG TC levels measured using an automatic biochemical analyser. contents analysed 16 S sequencing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographic system, respectively. Transcripts jejunum evaluated full-length transcriptome verified qPCR. Results results showed that HFD induced depression anxiety behaviours higher glucose, obese mice; these improved mice. correlation analysis phosphatidylcholine, TG, phosphatidylethanolamine correlated positively with intestinal microflora ( Desulfovibrio Gemella ) Cxcl10 gene. A abundance Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 obesity-resistant negatively metabolite (neuromedin N enkephalin L) Pck1 gene expression certain (5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, cinnamyl alcohol 1 H-indole-3-acetamide) genes (Gdf15, Igfbp6 Spp1). Conclusion , neuromedin N, L, Pck1, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, may be novel biomarkers obesity/obesity These might helpful prevention treating patients.

Language: Английский

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Targeted microbiome metabolomics reveals flaxseed oil supplementation regulated the gut microbiota and farnesoid X receptor pathway in high-fat diet mice

Food Science and Human Wellness, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 2324 - 2335

Published: April 5, 2023

Flaxseed oil (FSO) rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can protect against obesity and insulin resistance, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. An integrative multiomics of microbiome targeted metabolomics approach was performed to investigate possible pathway for flaxseed supplementation on reducing serum total cholesterol, triglyceride epididymal adipose high-fat diet mice. FSO ameliorated gut microbial dysbiosis by increasing community diversity abundance Clostridiales Ruminococcaceae. These effects were associated with regulation bile acid (BAs) feces. reduced concentrations conjugated BAs, such as cholic acid, tauro-α-murocholic tauro-ursodesoxycholic feces, which turn inhibit intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 15 signaling pathway. Further analysis revealed that activated FXR liver regulated downstream gene expression (SHP, SREBP-1c, CPT-1a), promoted lipolysis inhibited lipogenesis. The results this study suggest modulates lipid regulating microbiota, FXR-FGF15 BA metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiome composition likely affects the growth of razor clam Sinonovacula constricta

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 550, P. 737847 - 737847

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

Language: Английский

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