The Human Intestinal Microbiome in Health and Disease

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 375(24), P. 2369 - 2379

Published: Dec. 14, 2016

The large majority of studies on the role microbiome in pathogenesis disease are correlative and preclinical; several have influenced clinical practice.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of Gut Bacteria on Human Health and Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 7493 - 7519

Published: April 2, 2015

Gut bacteria are an important component of the microbiota ecosystem in human gut, which is colonized by 1014 microbes, ten times more than cells. play role health, such as supplying essential nutrients, synthesizing vitamin K, aiding digestion cellulose, and promoting angiogenesis enteric nerve function. However, they can also be potentially harmful due to change their composition when gut undergoes abnormal changes light use antibiotics, illness, stress, aging, bad dietary habits, lifestyle. Dysbiosis communities cause many chronic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, cancer, autism. This review summarizes discusses roles potential mechanisms health diseases.

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiota in anxiety and depression – A systematic review

Clinical Psychology Review, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 101943 - 101943

Published: Oct. 29, 2020

Language: Английский

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Profile of the gut microbiota of adults with obesity: a systematic review

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 74(9), P. 1251 - 1262

Published: March 30, 2020

Language: Английский

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Alterations in fecal microbiota composition by probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: April 28, 2016

The effects of probiotic supplementation on fecal microbiota composition in healthy adults have not been well established. We aimed to provide a systematic review the potential evidence for an effect human as assessed by high-throughput molecular approaches randomized controlled trials (RCTs) adults.The survey peer-reviewed papers was performed 17 August 2015 literature search through PubMed, SCOPUS, and ISI Web Science. Additional were identified checking references relevant papers. Search terms included adult, probiotic, bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, gut microbiota, intestinal intervention, (clinical) trial. RCTs solely placebo that examined alteration overall structure shotgun metagenomic sequencing, 16S ribosomal RNA or phylogenetic microarray methods included. Independent collection quality assessment studies two authors using predefined criteria including methodological reports clinical based revised tools from PRISMA/Cochrane Jadad score.Seven investigating present review. medium high. Still, no observed α-diversity, richness, evenness any when compared placebo. Only one study found significantly modified bacterial community β-diversity placebo.This pertinent demonstrates lack impact probiotics adults. Future would benefit pre-specifying primary outcome transparently reporting results sizes, confidence intervals, P values providing clear distinction between-group within-group comparisons.

Language: Английский

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Perturbations in Gut Microbiota Composition in Psychiatric Disorders

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78(12), P. 1343 - 1343

Published: Sept. 15, 2021

Evidence of gut microbiota perturbations has accumulated for multiple psychiatric disorders, with signatures proposed as potential biomarkers. However, no attempts have been made to evaluate the specificity these across range conditions.

Language: Английский

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Intestinal microbiota, diet and health

British Journal Of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 111(3), P. 387 - 402

Published: Aug. 12, 2013

The human intestine is colonised by 10 13 to 14 micro-organisms, the vast majority of which belong phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Although highly stable over time, composition activities microbiota may be influenced a number factors including age, diet antibiotic treatment. perturbations in or functions are linked inflammatory metabolic disorders (e.g. bowel diseases, irritable syndrome obesity), it unclear at this point whether these changes symptom disease contributing factor. A better knowledge mechanisms through (dysbiosis) promote states needed improve our understanding causal relationship between gut disease. While evidence preventive therapeutic effects probiotic strains on diarrhoeal illness other intestinal conditions promising, exact beneficial not fully understood. Recent studies have raised question non-viable can confer health benefits host influencing immune system. As potential effect bacteria depends mechanism dependent viability, future research needs consider each strain case-by-case basis. present review provides comprehensive, updated overview microbiota, its role probiotics as modality treatment prevention diseases and/or restoration health.

Language: Английский

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Chicken Gut Microbiota: Importance and Detection Technology

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Oct. 23, 2018

Sustainable poultry meat and egg production is important to provide safe quality protein sources in human nutrition worldwide. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of chickens harbors a diverse complex microbiota that plays vital role digestion absorption nutrients, immune system development pathogen exclusion. However, the integrity, functionality health chicken gut depends on many factors including environment, feed, GI microbiota. symbiotic interactions between host microbe fundamental production. diversity largely influenced by age birds, location digestive diet. Until recently, research relied conventional microbiological techniques can only culture small proportion community comprising Recent advances 16S rRNA based next generation sequencing are powerful tool investigate biological ecological roles chicken. Although several challenges remain understanding microbiome, optimizing taxonomic composition biochemical functions microbiome an attainable goal post-genomic era. This article reviews current knowledge function influence Further, this review compares past approaches used research. A better microbiology will us new opportunities for improvement

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota after gastric bypass in human obesity: increased richness and associations of bacterial genera with adipose tissue genes

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 98(1), P. 16 - 24

Published: May 30, 2013

Language: Английский

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Probiotic supplements might not be universally-effective and safe: A review

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 111, P. 537 - 547

Published: Dec. 28, 2018

Last few decades have witnessed the unprecedented growth in application of probiotics for promoting general gut health as well their inception biotherapeutics to alleviate certain clinical disorders related dysbiosis. While numerous studies substantiated health-restoring potentials a restricted group microbial species, marketed extrapolation similar probiotic label large number partially characterized formulations seems biased. In particular, individuals under neonatal stages and/or those with some conditions including malignancies, leaky gut, diabetes mellitus, and post-organ transplant convalescence likely fail reap benefits probiotics. Further exacerbating conditions, strains might take advantage weak immunity these vulnerable groups turn into opportunistic pathogens engendering life-threatening pneumonia, endocarditis, sepsis. Moreover, unregulated rampant use potentially carry risk plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance transfer infectious pathogens. this review, we discuss safety perspectives therapeutic interventions at-risk population groups. The embodied arguments hypotheses certainly will shed light on fact why usage should be treated caution.

Language: Английский

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