Mental Health and Well-Being in the Modern Era: A Comprehensive Review of Challenges and Interventions

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

A critical global concern in the modern era is mental health and well-being, where rapid socioeconomic change, technological advancements, lifestyle shifts have significantly impacted individuals' psychological health. Primary stressors today include urbanization, digital dependency, social isolation, economic pressures, alongside escalating prevalence of disorders such as depression, anxiety, burnout. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated crises, increasing vulnerability populations during times uncertainty instability. This paper critically examines emerging connections between factors sleep, diet, exercise. Interventions are discussed from a multidimensional perspective, encompassing pharmacological treatments, psychotherapy, tools, community-based programs. Special attention given to rise telemedicine mobile apps, offering innovative solutions bridge gaps healthcare accessibility. Furthermore, review underscores importance preventive approaches, promoting literacy, reducing stigma, fostering resilience through mindfulness, cognitive behavioral techniques, support systems.

Language: Английский

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Sex-specific and cell-type-specific changes in chaperone-mediated autophagy across tissues during aging

Nature Aging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Aging leads to progressive decline in organ and tissue integrity function, partly due loss of proteostasis autophagy malfunctioning. A decrease with age chaperone-mediated (CMA), a selective type lysosomal degradation, has been reported various organs cells from rodents humans. Disruption CMA recapitulates features aging, whereas activating mice protects against age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's, retinal degeneration and/or atherosclerosis. However, sex-specific cell-type-specific differences aging remain unexplored. Here, using reporter single-cell transcriptomic data, we report that most cell types show age, males exhibiting greater aging. Reduced is often associated fewer lysosomes competent for CMA. Transcriptional downregulation genes may further contribute decline, especially males. These findings suggest influence vulnerability degeneration. Using imaging fluorescent (CMA) RNA sequencing the authors present resource on basal activity across organs, sexes young old mice, offering comprehensive overview changes this proteostatic mechanism context

Language: Английский

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Altered cerebellar and caudate gray‐matter volumes and structural covariance networks preceding dual cognitive and mobility impairments in older people

Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 2420 - 2433

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract INTRODUCTION The neuroanatomical changes driving both cognitive and mobility impairments, an emerging preclinical dementia syndrome, are not fully understood. We examined gray‐matter volumes (GMVs) structural covariance networks (SCNs) abnormalities in community‐based older people preceding the conversion to physio‐cognitive decline syndrome (PCDS). METHODS Voxel‐wise brain GMV established SCNs were compared between PCDS non‐PCDS converters. RESULTS study included 343 individuals (60.2 ± 6.9 years, 49.6% men) with intact functions. Over average 5.6‐year follow‐up, 116 transitioned PCDS. Identified regions abnormal GMVs converters over cerebellum caudate, which served as seeds for establishment. Significant differences cerebellum‐based (to right frontal pole left middle gyrus) caudate‐based caudate putamen, planum temporale, precentral gyrus, postcentral parietal operculum) nonconverters observed. DISCUSSION This reveals early neuroanatomic changes, emphasizing cerebellum's role, dual impairments. Highlights Neuroanatomic precursors of impairments identified. Cerebellar reductions increased precede onset Altered cerebellum‐ drive transformation. research establishes a foundation understanding specific syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Radiomic tractometry reveals tract-specific imaging biomarkers in white matter

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Tract-specific microstructural analysis of the brain's white matter (WM) using diffusion MRI has been a driver for neuroscientific discovery with wide range applications. Tractometry enables localized tissue along tracts but relies on bare summary statistics and reduces complex image information tract to few scalar values, so may miss valuable information. This hampers applicability tractometry predictive modelling. Radiomics is promising method based numerous quantitative features beyond what can be visually perceived, not yet used tract-specific matter. Here we introduce radiomic (RadTract) show that introducing rich radiomics-based feature sets into world improved modelling while retaining localization capability tractometry. We demonstrate its value in series clinical populations, showcasing performance diagnosing disease subgroups different datasets, as well estimation demographic parameters. propose RadTract could spark establishment new generation imaging biomarkers benefits applications from basic neuroscience medical research.

Language: Английский

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Directed Functional Connectivity Changes of Triple Networks for Stable and Progressive Mild Cognitive Impairment

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 545, P. 47 - 58

Published: March 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Advances in Understanding Biomarkers and Treating Neurological Diseases -Role of the Cerebellar Dysfunction and Emerging Therapies

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102519 - 102519

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Neurocognitive Profiles of Early Adulthood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Journal of korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(1), P. 26 - 35

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Objectives: This study examined the neurocognitive profiles of early adulthood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients using Korean version Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 4th Edition (K-WAIS-IV) and Continuous Performance Test 3rd (CPT-3) assessment results.Methods: A total 105 individuals underwent K-WAIS-IV assessment, 68 participants completed CPT-3.We differences between intelligence subindex scores paired t-tests applied Pearson's correlation analysis to determine CPT-3 scores.Results: Working Memory Index were significantly lower than Verbal Comprehension scores, whereas Processing Speed (PSI) all three other scores.Significant negative correlations found four for Detectability, Omissions, Commissions, Perseverations, Hit Reaction Time, Time Standard Deviation, Variability. Conclusion:The PSI can be considered a useful predictor in ADHD combined with examination.

Language: Английский

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The Human Cerebello-Hippocampal Circuit Across Adulthood

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Abstract Direct communication between the hippocampus and cerebellum has been shown via coactivation synchronized neuronal oscillations in animal models. Further, this novel cerebello-hippocampal circuit may be impacted by sex steroid hormones. The are dense with estradiol progesterone receptors relative to other brain regions. Females experience up a 90% decrease ovarian production after menopausal transition. Postmenopausal women show lower cerebello-cortical intracerebellar FC compared reproductive aged females. Sex hormones established modulators of both memory function synaptic organization non-human studies. However, investigation (CB-HP) limited studies small homogeneous samples young adults as it relates spatial navigation. Here, we investigate CB-HP 138 adult humans (53% female) from 35-86 years age, define its patterns, associations behavior, hormone levels, differences therein. We robust patterns CB HP sample. predicted found negative relationships age FC. As expected, levels exhibited positive CB-HP. higher progesterone. provide first characterization across middle older adulthood demonstrate that connectivity is sensitive levels. This work provides clear mapping human serves foundation for future neurological psychiatric diseases.

Language: Английский

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Are resting-state network alterations in late-life depression related to synaptic density? Findings of a combined 11C-UCB-J PET and fMRI study

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract This study investigates the relationship between resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) topological properties and synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) positron emission tomography (PET) density (SD) in late-life depression (LLD). 18 LLD patients 33 healthy controls underwent rs-fMRI, 3D T1-weighted MRI, 11C-UCB-J PET scans to assess SD. The rs-fMRI data were utilized construct weighted networks for calculating four global metrics, including clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, efficiency, small-worldness, six nodal degree, strength, local betweenness centrality. provided standardized uptake value ratios as SD measures. exhibited preserved organization, with reduced regions associated LLD, such medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), increased basal ganglia cerebellar regions. Notably, a negative correlation was observed centrality mPFC depressive symptom severity. No significant alterations or associations found, challenging hypothesis that are molecular basis changes LLD. Our findings suggest other mechanisms may underlie connectivity these patients.

Language: Английский

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Altered cerebellar activation patterns in Alzheimer’s disease: An activation likelihood estimation Meta-Analysis

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 103770 - 103770

Published: March 1, 2025

The past decade has seen an increased interest in the cerebellum, particularly non-motor behaviors. Emerging work across model systems and humans also implicated cerebellum Alzheimer's Disease (AD) mild cognitive impairment (MCI). While is not as being central to etiology of disease, it however recognized increasingly important, most certainly immune from disease-related pathology atrophy. In cognitively normal older adults (OA), been conceptualized critical scaffolding for cortical function. This may extend AD MCI. With respect functional imaging, this largely unexplored AD, a nascent literature. there are very few studies focused on at stage, meta-analysis provides powerful tool expanding our knowledge neurodegenerative and, turn, hypothesis generation. We took advantage activation likelihood estimation (ALE) investigate overlap present existing but included exploratory analysis MCI, based papers available search. Our total 29 studies, representing data 236 individuals with 159 382 OA. Across these no significant cerebellar though Analyses group differences suggest that patterns indicative both greater reduced AD/MCI relative all findings, was primarily centered Crus I Lobule VI. These findings function negatively impacted which turn impact behavior symptomatology.

Language: Английский

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