Targeting gut microbiota and metabolism as the major probiotic mechanism - An evidence-based review

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 138, P. 178 - 198

Published: June 11, 2023

The human gut hosts complex microbial communities, which are linked to health and disease. microbiota is continuously reshaped by multiple environmental factors, especially diet. Gut dysbiosis may promote various metabolic, neurological, intestinal, cardiovascular diseases, even tumor development. Probiotics have shown promising prophylactic, mitigating, or curative effects when use as nutrient supplements adjunctive therapy. These beneficial and/or symptom alleviation often accompanied microbiome metabolome changes. Differing from other published review articles, here we summarized the latest knowledge of evidence-based health-promoting probiotics scouring literature recent animal probiotic intervention studies. To elucidate mechanisms in enhancing intestinal homeostasis, barrier function, host immunity, through modulating its metabolites. Meanwhile, also discussed challenges data analysis clinical research comparison between laboratories, provides an outlook for future perspectives applications probiotics. achieved modulation. Current discussed. Finally, provided.

Language: Английский

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Fueling Gut Microbes: A Review of the Interaction between Diet, Exercise, and the Gut Microbiota in Athletes

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 2190 - 2215

Published: May 28, 2021

The athlete's goal is to optimize their performance. Towards this end, nutrition has been used improve the health of athletes' brains, bones, muscles, and cardiovascular system. However, recent research suggests that gut its resident microbiota may also play a role in athlete Therefore, athletes should consider dietary strategies context potential effects on microbiota, including impact sports-centric (e.g., protein supplements, carbohydrate loading) as well gut-centric probiotics, prebiotics) This review provides an overview interaction between diet, exercise, focusing both athletic Current evidence could, theory, contribute intake performance by influencing microbial metabolite production, gastrointestinal physiology, immune modulation. Common such high simple intake, low fiber food avoidance adversely and, turn, Conversely, adequate fiber, variety sources, emphasis unsaturated fats, especially omega-3 (ɷ-3) fatty acids, addition consumption prebiotics, synbiotics, have shown promising results optimizing Ultimately, while emerging area research, more studies are needed incorporate, control, manipulate all 3 these elements (i.e., microbiome) provide recommendations for how "fuel microbes."

Language: Английский

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Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 52 - 52

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

Sarcopenia is one of the main issues associated with process aging. Characterized by muscle mass loss, it triggered several conditions, including sedentary habits and negative net protein balance. According to World Health Organization, expected a 38% increase in older individuals 2025. Therefore, noteworthy establish recommendations prevent sarcopenia events comorbidities this health issue condition. In review, we discuss role these factors, prevention strategies, recommendations, focus on intake exercise.

Language: Английский

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Diet for the prevention and management of sarcopenia

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 155637 - 155637

Published: June 21, 2023

Sarcopenia is a geriatric condition characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, with an increased risk adverse health outcomes (e.g., falls, disability, institutionalization, reduced quality life, mortality). Pharmacological remedies are currently unavailable for preventing the development sarcopenia, halting its progression, or impeding negative outcomes. The most effective strategies to contrast sarcopenia rely on adoption healthier lifestyle behaviors, including adherence high-quality diets regular physical activity. In this review, role nutrition in prevention management summarized. Special attention given current "blockbuster" dietary regimes agents used counteract age-related wasting, together their putative mechanisms action. Issues related design implementation nutritional discussed, focus unanswered questions appropriate timing interventions preserve function into old age. A brief description also provided new technologies that can facilitate personalized plans sarcopenia.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Physical Performance in Athletes and Physically Active Individuals

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 2936 - 2936

Published: Sept. 25, 2020

Among athletes, nutrition plays a key role, supporting training, performance, and post-exercise recovery. Research has primarily focused on the effects of diet in support an athletic physique; however, role played by intestinal microbiota been much neglected. Emerging evidence shown association between composition physical activity, suggesting that modifications gut may contribute to performance host. Probiotics represent potential means for beneficially influencing composition/function but can also impact overall health In this review, we provide overview existing studies have examined reciprocal interactions activity microbiota. We further evaluate clinical supports probiotics recovery, cognitive outcomes among athletes. addition, discuss mechanisms action through which affect exercise outcomes. summary, beneficial microbes, including probiotics, promote athletes enhance capacity. Furthermore, high-quality studies, with adequate power, remain necessary uncover roles are populations modes behind their benefits.

Language: Английский

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Sex differences and considerations for female specific nutritional strategies: a narrative review

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2021

Although there is a plethora of information available regarding the impact nutrition on exercise performance, many recommendations are based male needs due to dominance participation in and science literature. Female sport prevalent, making it vital for guidelines address sex-specific nutritional needs. hormonal levels, such as estrogen progesterone, fluctuate throughout mensural cycle lifecycle requiring more attention effective considerations. Sex-specific active female athlete have been lacking date warrant further consideration. This review provides practical overview key physiological considerations female. Available literature dietary supplement women has synthesized, offering evidenced-based that can be incorporated into daily lives improve body composition, overall health.

Language: Английский

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A Narrative Review of Gut-Muscle Axis and Sarcopenia: The Potential Role of Gut Microbiota

International Journal of General Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: Volume 14, P. 1263 - 1273

Published: April 1, 2021

Abstract: Sarcopenia is a multifactorial disease related to aging, chronic inflammation, insufficient nutrition, and physical inactivity. Previous studies have suggested that there relationship between sarcopenia gut microbiota,namely, the gut-muscle axis. The present review highlights microbiota can affect muscle mass function from inflammation immunity,substance energy metabolism, endocrine insulin sensitivity, etc., directly or indirectly establishing connection with sarcopenia, thereby realizing “gut-muscle axis”. Keywords: microbiota,

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms Linking the Gut-Muscle Axis With Muscle Protein Metabolism and Anabolic Resistance: Implications for Older Adults at Risk of Sarcopenia

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 26, 2021

Aging is associated with a decline in skeletal muscle mass and function—termed sarcopenia—as mediated, part, by anabolic resistance. This metabolic phenomenon describes the impaired response of protein synthesis (MPS) to provision dietary amino acids practice resistance-based exercise. Recent observations highlight gut-muscle axis as physiological target for combatting resistance reducing risk sarcopenia. Experimental studies, primarily conducted animal models aging, suggest mechanistic link between gut microbiota atrophy, mediated via modulation systemic acid availability low-grade inflammation that are both factors known underpin Moreover, vivo vitro studies demonstrate action specific bacteria ( Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium ) increase elicit an anti-inflammatory intestinal lumen. Prospective lifestyle approaches have recently been examined context mitigating sarcopenia risk. These include increasing fiber intake promotes growth development bacteria, thus enhancing production short-chain fatty (SCFA) (acetate, propionate, butyrate). Prebiotic/probiotic/symbiotic supplementation also generates SCFA may mitigate older adults microbiota. Preliminary evidence highlights role exercise SCFA. Accordingly, combine diets rich probiotic training serve produce microbial diversity, adults. Future warranted establish direct distinct phenotypes on utilization postprandial stimulation

Language: Английский

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Probiotic fermentation of polyphenols: potential sources of novel functional foods

Food Production Processing and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

Abstract Fermented functional food products are among the major segments of processing industry. Fermentation imparts several characteristic effects on foods including enhancement organoleptic characteristics, increased shelf-life, and production novel health beneficial compounds. However, in addition to macronutrients present food, secondary metabolites such as polyphenols also emerging suitable fermentable substrates. Despite traditional antimicrobial view polyphenols, accumulating research shows that exert differential bacterial communities by suppressing growth pathogenic microbes while concomitantly promoting proliferation survival probiotic bacteria. Conversely, bacteria not only survive but induce their fermentation which often leads improved bioavailability metabolic intermediates, polyphenolic content, thus enhanced capacity fermented food. In addition, selective combinations polyphenol-rich or fortification with can result foods. The narrative review specifically explores potential substrates We discuss bidirectional relationship between an aim at development based amalgamation polyphenols. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Impact of probiotics on muscle mass, muscle strength and lean mass: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 30 - 44

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Abstract Probiotics have shown potential to counteract sarcopenia, although the extent which they can influence domains of sarcopenia such as muscle mass and strength in humans is unclear. The aim this systematic review meta‐analysis was explore impact probiotic supplementation on mass, total lean human adults. A literature search randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted through PubMed, Scopus, Web Science Cochrane Library from inception until June 2022. Eligible RCTs compared effect versus placebo global (composite score all outcomes) adults (>18 years). To evaluate differences between groups, a using random effects inverse‐variance model by utilizing standardized mean differences. Twenty‐four studies were included exploring probiotics strength. Our main analysis ( k = 10) revealed that improved following with (SMD: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.10–0.74, I 2 57%, P 0.009), no changes relation 12; SMD: ‐0.03, −0.19 – 0.13, 0%, 0.69). Interestingly, significant increase also observed among six 0.69, 0.33–1.06, 64%, 0.0002). Probiotic enhances both strength; however, beneficial mass. Investigating physiological mechanisms underpinning different ageing groups elucidating appropriate strains for optimal gains are warranted.

Language: Английский

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