International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(17), P. 13485 - 13485
Published: Aug. 30, 2023
Diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
is
a
complex
and
multifactorial
disease
characterised
by
high
blood
glucose.
Type
2
(T2D),
the
most
frequent
clinical
condition
accounting
for
about
90%
of
all
DM
cases
worldwide,
chronic
with
slow
development
usually
affecting
middle-aged
or
elderly
individuals.
T2D
represents
significant
problem
public
health
today
because
its
incidence
constantly
growing
among
both
children
adults.
It
also
estimated
that
underdiagnosis
prevalence
would
strongly
further
increase
real
disease,
half
patients
being
undiagnosed.
Therefore,
it
important
to
diagnosis
accuracy.
The
current
interest
in
RNA
molecules
(both
protein-
non-protein-coding)
as
potential
biomarkers
diagnosis,
prognosis,
treatment
lies
ease
low
cost
isolation
quantification
basic
molecular
biology
techniques.
In
present
study,
we
analysed
transcriptome
serum
samples
collected
from
unaffected
individuals
identify
RNA-based
biomarkers.
Microarray-based
profiling
subsequent
validation
using
Real-Time
PCR
identified
an
uncharacterised
long
non-coding
(lncRNA)
transcribed
ASAP1
locus
diagnostic
biomarker.
ROC
curve
analysis
showed
signature
including
lncRNA
clinicopathological
parameters
well
better
performance
compared
glycated
haemoglobin
test
(HbA1c).
This
result
suggests
application
this
biomarker
practice
help
improve
therefore
management,
patients.
proposed
be
useful
context
predictive,
preventive,
personalised
medicine
(3PM/PPPM).
The EPMA Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 1 - 23
Published: Feb. 27, 2024
Worldwide
stroke
is
the
second
leading
cause
of
death
and
third
disability
combined.
The
estimated
global
economic
burden
by
over
US$891
billion
per
year.
Within
three
decades
(1990-2019),
incidence
increased
70%,
deaths
43%,
prevalence
102%,
DALYs
143%.
Of
100
million
people
affected
stroke,
about
76%
are
ischemic
(IS)
patients
recorded
worldwide.
Contextually,
moves
into
particular
focus
multi-professional
groups
including
researchers,
healthcare
industry,
economists,
policy-makers.
Risk
factors
demonstrate
sufficient
space
for
cost-effective
prevention
interventions
in
primary
(suboptimal
health)
secondary
(clinically
manifested
collateral
disorders
contributing
to
risks)
care.
These
risks
interrelated.
For
example,
sedentary
lifestyle
toxic
environment
both
mitochondrial
stress,
systemic
low-grade
inflammation
accelerated
ageing;
inflammageing
a
associated
with
ageing
poor
outcomes.
Stress
overload,
decreased
bioenergetics
hypomagnesaemia
vasospasm
lesions
heart
brain
all
age
teenagers.
Imbalanced
dietary
patterns
folate
but
rich
red
processed
meat,
refined
grains,
sugary
beverages
hyperhomocysteinaemia,
inflammation,
small
vessel
disease,
IS
risks.
Ongoing
3PM
research
towards
vulnerable
population
promoted
European
Association
Predictive,
Preventive
Personalised
Medicine
(EPMA)
demonstrates
promising
results
holistic
patient-friendly
non-invasive
approach
utilising
tear
fluid-based
health
risk
assessment,
mitochondria
as
vital
biosensor
AI-based
data
interpretation
reported
here
EPMA
expert
group.
Collected
that
IS-relevant
corresponding
molecular
pathways
examples,
there
an
evident
overlap
between
involved
diabetic
retinopathy
early
indicator
patients.
Just
exemplify
some
them
such
5-aminolevulinic
acid/pathway,
which
also
characteristic
altered
mitophagy
patterns,
insomnia,
stress
regulation
modulation
microbiota-gut-brain
crosstalk.
Further,
ceramides
considered
mediators
oxidative
cardiometabolic
negatively
affecting
respiratory
chain
function
fission/fusion
activity,
sleep-wake
behaviour,
vascular
stiffness
remodelling.
Xanthine/pathway
homeostasis
stress-driven
anxiety-like
behaviour
well
mechanisms
arterial
stiffness.
In
order
assess
individual
risks,
application
machine
learning
(AI
tool)
essential
accurate
performed
multiparametric
analysis.
Aspects
presented
paper
include
needs
young
populations
elderly,
personalised
assessment
care,
cost-efficacy,
innovative
technologies
screening
programmes,
advanced
education
measures
professionals
general
population-all
pillars
paradigm
change
from
reactive
medical
services
overall
management
EPMA.
The EPMA Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 163 - 205
Published: April 18, 2024
Despite
their
subordination
in
humans,
to
a
great
extent,
mitochondria
maintain
independent
status
but
tightly
cooperate
with
the
"host"
on
protecting
joint
life
quality
and
minimizing
health
risks.
Under
oxidative
stress
conditions,
healthy
promptly
increase
mitophagy
level
remove
damaged
"fellows"
rejuvenating
mitochondrial
population
sending
fragments
of
mtDNA
as
SOS
signals
all
systems
human
body.
As
long
metabolic
pathways
are
under
systemic
control
well-concerted
together,
adaptive
mechanisms
become
triggered
increasing
protection,
activating
antioxidant
defense
repair
machinery.
Contextually,
attributes
patho-/physiology
instrumental
for
predictive
medical
approach
cost-effective
treatments
tailored
individualized
patient
profiles
primary
(to
protect
vulnerable
individuals
again
health-to-disease
transition)
secondary
affected
disease
progression)
care.
Nutraceuticals
naturally
occurring
bioactive
compounds
demonstrating
health-promoting,
illness-preventing,
other
health-related
benefits.
Keeping
mind
health-promoting
properties
nutraceuticals
along
therapeutic
potential
safety
profile,
there
is
permanently
growing
demand
application
mitochondria-relevant
nutraceuticals.
Application
beneficial
only
if
meeting
needs
at
individual
level.
Therefore,
risk
assessment
creation
pivotal
importance
followed
by
adapted
nutraceutical
sets
needs.
Based
scientific
evidence
available
nutraceuticals,
this
article
presents
examples
frequent
which
require
protective
measures
targeted
holistic
following
advanced
concepts
predictive,
preventive,
personalized
medicine
(PPPM/3PM)
Cell Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(7), P. 1521 - 1533.e5
Published: May 7, 2024
Diabetic
retinopathy
is
a
microvascular
disease
that
causes
blindness.
Using
acid
sphingomyelinase
knockout
mice,
we
reported
ceramide
generation
critical
for
diabetic
development.
Here,
in
patients
with
proliferative
retinopathy,
identify
vitreous
imbalance
pathologic
long-chain
C16-ceramides
increasing
and
protective
very
C26-ceramides
decreasing.
generate
pro-inflammatory/pro-apoptotic
ceramide-rich
platforms
on
endothelial
surfaces.
To
geo-localize
platforms,
invented
three-dimensional
confocal
assay
showed
retinopathy-producing
cytokines
TNFα
IL-1β
induce
platform
formation
retinal
cells
within
seconds,
volumes
2-logs,
yielding
apoptotic
death.
Anti-ceramide
antibodies
abolish
these
events.
Furthermore,
intravitreal
systemic
anti-ceramide
protect
from
standardized
rodent
ischemia
reperfusion
streptozotocin
models.
These
data
support
(1)
as
treatment
target,
(2)
early-stage
therapy
of
non-proliferative
to
prevent
progression,
(3)
treatment;
they
characterize
"ceramidopathy"
reversible
by
immunotherapy.
The EPMA Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(3), P. 415 - 452
Published: Aug. 29, 2024
Because
of
its
rapid
progression
and
frequently
poor
prognosis,
stroke
is
the
third
major
cause
death
in
Europe
first
one
China.
Many
independent
studies
demonstrated
sufficient
space
for
prevention
interventions
primary
care
ischemic
defined
as
most
cost-effective
protection
vulnerable
subpopulations
against
health-to-disease
transition.
Although
several
identified
molecular
patterns
specific
IS
body
fluids,
none
these
approaches
has
yet
been
incorporated
into
treatment
guidelines.
The
advantages
disadvantages
individual
fluids
are
thoroughly
analyzed
throughout
paper.
For
example,
multiomics
based
on
a
minimally
invasive
approach
utilizing
blood
components
recommended
real-time
monitoring,
due
to
particularly
high
level
dynamics
system.
On
other
hand,
tear
fluid
more
stable
system
non-invasive
patient-friendly
holistic
appropriate
health
risk
assessment
innovative
screening
programs
management.
This
article
details
aspects
essential
promote
practical
implementation
highlighted
achievements
3PM-guided
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
109(1), P. 100 - 106
Published: Aug. 10, 2023
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
a
specific
microvascular
complication
in
patients
with
diabetes
and
the
leading
cause
of
blindness.
Recent
advances
omics,
especially
metabolomics,
offer
possibility
identifying
novel
potential
biomarkers
for
DR.The
aim
was
to
identify
metabolites
associated
DR.We
performed
12-year
follow-up
study
including
1349
participants
type
2
(1021
without
DR,
328
DR)
selected
from
METSIM
cohort.
Individuals
who
had
before
baseline
were
excluded
(n
=
63).
The
diagnosis
based
on
fundus
photography
examination.
We
nontargeted
metabolomics
profiling
metabolites.We
found
17
significantly
incident
DR
after
adjustment
confounding
factors.
Among
amino
acids,
N-lactoyl
isoleucine,
valine,
tyrosine,
phenylalanine,
N-(2-furoyl)
glycine,
5-hydroxylysine
an
increased
risk
citrulline
decreased
DR.
fatty
acids
N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovalerate
myristoleate
(14:1n5),
palmitoleate
(16:1n7),
5-dodecenoate
(12:1n7)
Sphingomyelin
(d18:2/24:2),
sphingolipid,
Carboxylic
acid
maleate
organic
compounds
3-hydroxypyridine
sulfate,
4-vinylphenol
4-ethylcatechol
dimethyl
sulfone
DR.Our
first
large
population-based
longitudinal
multiple
several
different
metabolic
pathways.
