Hydrogel-Based Therapies for Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Comprehensive Review DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Daniela Rotaru-Zavaleanu, Venera Cristina Dinescu,

Mădălina Aldea

et al.

Gels, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 476 - 476

Published: July 18, 2024

Stroke remains the second leading cause of death and a major disability worldwide, significantly impacting individuals, families, healthcare systems. This neurological emergency can be triggered by ischemic events, including small vessel arteriolosclerosis, cardioembolism, large artery atherothromboembolism, as well hemorrhagic incidents resulting from macrovascular lesions, venous sinus thrombosis, or vascular malformations, to significant neuronal damage. The resultant motor impairment, cognitive dysfunction, emotional disturbances underscore urgent need for effective therapeutic interventions. Recent advancements in biomaterials, particularly hydrogels, offer promising new avenues stroke management. Hydrogels, composed three-dimensional networks hydrophilic polymers, are notable their ability absorb retain substantial amounts water. Commonly used polymers hydrogel formulations include natural like alginate, chitosan, collagen, synthetic such polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylamide. Their customizable characteristics—such porosity, swelling behavior, mechanical strength, degradation rates—make hydrogels ideal biomedical applications, drug delivery, cell tissue engineering, controlled release agents. review comprehensively explores hydrogel-based approaches both therapy, elucidating mechanisms which provide neuroprotection. It covers application delivery systems, role reducing inflammation secondary injury, potential support neurogenesis angiogenesis. also discusses current technology challenges translating these innovations research into clinical practice. Additionally, it emphasizes limited number trials utilizing therapies addresses associated limitations constraints, underscoring further this field.

Language: Английский

Insights into Exosome Transport through the Blood–Brain Barrier and the Potential Therapeutical Applications in Brain Diseases DOI Creative Commons
Manal Abdel-Salam, Munazza Ahmed,

Zaynab Osaid

et al.

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 571 - 571

Published: April 10, 2023

Drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) is limited due presence of blood–brain barrier (BBB), a selective physiological located at brain microvessels that regulates flow cells, molecules and ions between blood brain. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles expressed by all cell types function as cargos, allowing for communication cells. The exosomes were shown cross or regulate BBB in healthy disease conditions. However, mechanistic pathways which have not been fully elucidated yet. In this review, we explore transport mechanisms through BBB. A large body evidence suggests exosome occurs primarily transcytosis. transcytosis influenced several regulators. Inflammation metastasis also enhance trafficking across We shed light on therapeutical applications treating diseases. Further investigations essential provide clearer insights related treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

65
Engineered Exosome for Drug Delivery: Recent Development and Clinical Applications DOI Creative Commons
Jiaqi Tian,

Zhengpu Han,

Dandan Song

et al.

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 7923 - 7940

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Exosomes are nano-sized membrane vesicles that transfer bioactive molecules between cells and modulate various biological processes under physiological pathological conditions. By applying bioengineering technologies, exosomes can be modified to express specific markers or carry therapeutic cargo emerge as novel platforms for the treatment of cancer, neurological, cardiovascular, immune, infectious diseases. However, there many challenges uncertainties in clinical translation exosomes. This review aims provide an overview recent advances engineered exosomes, with a special focus on methods strategies loading drugs into pros cons different methods, optimization exosome production based encapsulated. Moreover, we also summarize current applications prospects well potential risks limitations need addressed engineering, including standardization preparation engineering protocols, quality quantity control drug release, immunogenicity cytotoxicity Overall, represent exciting frontier nanomedicine, but they still face large-scale production, maintenance storage stability, translation. With continuous this field, exosome-based formulation could offer great promise targeted human

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Exosome as drug delivery system: Current advancements DOI Creative Commons
Vriti Sharma, Chitrangada Das Mukhopadhyay

Extracellular Vesicle, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 100032 - 100032

Published: Dec. 9, 2023

Exosomes are nanovesicles released from cells due to pathophysiological events. These nanoparticles resistant metabolic destruction and can transcend the blood-brain barrier. Exosome therapy could be employed as precision medicine by targeting underlying etiology. This article briefly elucidates basic physiology of exosomes, their types, characteristics, cargo that for drug administration. It then delves into therapeutic applications, such oncology, neurological disorders, regenerative medicine. Exosome-based delivery using small molecules, nucleic acids, proteins is also demonstrated. Finally, global organizations successfully creating testing medicinal biomaterials highlighted.

Language: Английский

Citations

50
Modification of immune cell-derived exosomes for enhanced cancer immunotherapy: current advances and therapeutic applications DOI Creative Commons
Inseong Jung, Sanghee Shin, Moon‐Chang Baek

et al.

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(1), P. 19 - 31

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the approach to cancer treatment of malignant tumors by harnessing body’s immune system selectively target cells. Despite remarkable advances, there are still challenges in achieving successful clinical responses. Recent evidence suggests that cell-derived exosomes modulate generate effective antitumor responses, making them a cutting-edge therapeutic strategy. However, natural limited application due their low drug delivery efficiency and insufficient capacity. Technological advancements have allowed exosome modifications magnify intrinsic functions, load different cargoes, preferentially tumor sites. These engineered exert potent effects great potential for immunotherapy. In this review, we describe ingenious modification strategies attain desired performance. Moreover, systematically summarize tumor-controlling properties innate adaptive immunity. Collectively, review provides comprehensive intuitive guide modified exosome-based approaches, offering valuable enhance optimize

Language: Английский

Citations

46
Engineered exosomes and composite biomaterials for tissue regeneration DOI Creative Commons
Weikang Hu, Wang Wang, Zesheng Chen

et al.

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 2099 - 2126

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Exosomes, which are small vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer and released many cell types, widely dispersed have garnered increased attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability serve as indicators diseases agents with therapeutic potential. Exosomes play crucial role mediating intercellular communication through transfer biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, RNA, other molecular constituents, between cells. The targeted transport proteins nucleic acids specific cells has potential enhance or impair biological functions. applications, they can be used alone combination approaches. examination unique attributes functions these factors emerged prominent study realm biomedical research. This manuscript summarizes origins properties exosomes, structural, biological, physical, chemical aspects. paper offers complete recent progress tissue repair medicine, emphasizing possible implications methods forthcoming regeneration attempts.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Engineered exosomes for cancer theranostics: Next-generation tumor targeting DOI Creative Commons
Vivek P. Chavda, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakantsing V. Pardeshi

et al.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 104579 - 104579

Published: May 18, 2023

Exosomes are multivesicular bodies of which the plasma membrane fuse to release caring moiety into surrounding body fluids. They best known for their function in mediating intercellular connectivity by transferring various biomolecules, such as proteins, RNAs, and lipids, from one cell another. These "naturally equipped" nanovesicles could be therapeutically targeted or engineered drug delivery systems. The use exosomes cancer detection prognosis has attracted a great deal interest academics. In addition chemical, biological, genetic engineering approaches, other current exosomal alteration methodologies hold promise advancement therapeutic medicines cancer. this review, we highlight theranostic potential cancers.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Exosomal ncRNAs in liquid biopsies for lung cancer DOI
Md Sadique Hussain, Gaurav Gupta, Nehmat Ghaboura

et al.

Clinica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 565, P. 119983 - 119983

Published: Oct. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Exosome-Based Macromolecular neurotherapeutic drug delivery approaches in overcoming the Blood-Brain barrier for treating brain disorders DOI
Krishna Yadav,

R. Vijayalakshmi,

Kantrol Kumar Sahu

et al.

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 114298 - 114298

Published: April 18, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies DOI Creative Commons
Rahul Mallick, Sanjay Basak, Parimal Chowdhury

et al.

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 104 - 104

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Cytokine-mediated inflammation is increasingly recognized for playing a vital role in the pathophysiology of wide range brain disorders, including neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental problems. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) cause neuroinflammation, alter function, accelerate disease development. Despite progress understanding these pathways, effective medicines targeting are still limited. Traditional anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory drugs peripheral inflammatory illnesses. Still, they face substantial hurdles when applied to central nervous system (CNS), blood-brain barrier (BBB) unwanted systemic effects. This review highlights developing treatment techniques modifying cytokine-driven focusing on advances that selectively target critical involved pathology. Novel approaches, cytokine-specific inhibitors, antibody-based therapeutics, gene- RNA-based interventions, sophisticated drug delivery systems like nanoparticles, show promise with respect lowering neuroinflammation greater specificity safety. Furthermore, developments biomarker discoveries neuroimaging improving our ability monitor responses, allowing more accurate personalized regimens. Preclinical clinical trial data demonstrate therapeutic potential tailored techniques. However, significant challenges remain, across BBB reducing off-target As research advances, creation personalized, cytokine-centered therapeutics has therapy landscape illnesses, giving patients hope better results higher quality life.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Engineering EVs‐Mediated mRNA Delivery Regulates Microglia Function and Alleviates Depressive‐Like Behaviors DOI Open Access

Kezhen Ge,

Zetai Bai,

Jiwei Wang

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Abstract The development of new non‐neurotransmitter drugs is an important supplement to the clinical treatment major depressive disorder. latest mRNA therapy provides possibility for some diseases. endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria constitute a highly interconnected set fundamental organelles within cells. interconnection between them forms specific microdomains that play pivotal roles in calcium signaling, mitochondrial dynamics, inflammation, autophagy. Perturbations ER‐mitochondrial connections may contribute progression neurological disorders other Herein, extracellular vesicles‐based delivery system, grounded gene integrated with nanomedicine technology devised. This system engineered traverse blood–brain barrier specifically target central nervous (CNS), facilitating simultaneous metallic nanozymes into brain. dual‐pronged approach, targeting ER crosstalk, inhibits microglial overactivation, promotes M2 polarization microglia, suppresses NF‐κB signaling pathway. Consequently, it significantly alleviates Lipopolysaccharides‐induced neuroinflammatory responses ameliorates anxiety‐ depression‐like behaviors. study demonstrates novel antidepressant therapeutic strategy establishes paradigm CNS

Language: Английский

Citations

1