The gut microbiome in coronary artery disease and heart failure: Current knowledge and future directions

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 102649 - 102649

Published: Feb. 1, 2020

Host-microbiota interactions involving inflammatory and metabolic pathways have been linked to the pathogenesis of multiple immune-mediated diseases conditions like diabetes obesity. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in gut microbiome could play a role cardiovascular disease. This review focuses on recent advances our understanding interplay between diet, microbiota disease, with emphasis heart failure coronary artery Whereas much literature has focused circulating levels diet- microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), several sequencing-based studies demonstrated compositional functional microbiomes both diseases. Some characteristics are consistent across study cohorts, such as decreased abundance microbes capacity for producing butyrate. However, published generally lack essential covariates diet clinical data, too small capture substantial variation microbiome, parallel plasma samples, limiting ability translate actual function reflected by microbiota-related metabolites. attempts give directions future order demonstrate utility gut-heart axis.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 699 - 699

Published: Feb. 22, 2021

The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable (NCDs) (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and some types cancer) are rising worldwide. All them share the condition an “inflammatory disorder”, with impaired immune functions frequently caused or accompanied by alterations in gut microbiota. These multifactorial maladies also have common malnutrition related to physiopathology. In this context, diet is greatest modulator system–microbiota crosstalk, much interest, new challenges, arising area precision nutrition as a way towards treatment prevention. It fact that westernized (WD) partly responsible for increased prevalence NCDs, negatively affecting both microbiota system. Conversely, other nutritional approaches, such Mediterranean (MD), positively influence system microbiota, proposed not only potential tool clinical management different disease conditions, but prevention health promotion globally. Thus, purpose review determine regulatory role components WD MD interplay, order understand, create awareness of, over key components.

Language: Английский

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Butyrate producers, “The Sentinel of Gut”: Their intestinal significance with and beyond butyrate, and prospective use as microbial therapeutics

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Gut-microbial butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) of significant physiological importance than the other major SCFAs (acetate and propionate). Most producers belong to Clostridium cluster phylum Firmicutes, such as Faecalibacterium , Roseburia Eubacterium Anaerostipes Coprococcus Subdoligranulum Anaerobutyricum . They metabolize carbohydrates via butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase pathway kinase terminal enzymes produce most butyrate. Although, in minor fractions, amino acids can also be utilized generate glutamate lysine pathways. Butyrogenic microbes play vital role various gut-associated metabolisms. Butyrate used by colonocytes energy, stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor maintain anaerobic environment gut, maintains gut barrier integrity regulating Claudin-1 synaptopodin expression, limits pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12), inhibits oncogenic pathways (Akt/ERK, Wnt, TGF-β signaling). Colonic shape microbial community secreting anti-microbial substances, cathelicidins, reuterin, β-defensin-1, homeostasis releasing anti-inflammatory molecules, IgA, vitamin B, molecules. Additionally, producers, anti-carcinogenic metabolites, shikimic precursor conjugated linoleic acid. In this review, we summarized significance butyrate, critically examined relevance contextualized their therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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The Gut Microbiome Influences Host Endocrine Functions

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 40(5), P. 1271 - 1284

Published: May 13, 2019

The gut microbiome is considered an organ contributing to the regulation of host metabolism. Since relationship between and specific diseases was elucidated, numerous studies have deciphered molecular mechanisms explaining how bacteria interact with cells eventually shape Both metagenomic metabolomic analyses contributed discovery bacterial-derived metabolites acting on cells. In this review, we examine by which bacterial act as paracrine or endocrine factors, thereby regulating We highlight impact short-chain fatty acids secretion peptides (i.e., glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY) other produced from different amino inflammation, glucose metabolism, energy homeostasis. also discuss role microbes bioactive lipids that belong endocannabinoid system neurotransmitters (e.g., γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, nitric oxide). Finally, review components ClpB, Amuc_1100) factors controlling conclusion, summarizes recent state art, aiming at providing evidence influences functions via several bacteria-derived metabolites.

Language: Английский

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Relationship between gut microbiota and circulating metabolites in population-based cohorts

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2019

Abstract Gut microbiota has been implicated in major diseases affecting the human population and also linked to triglycerides high-density lipoprotein levels circulation. Recent development metabolomics allows classifying particles into more details. Here, we examine impact of gut on circulating metabolites measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance technology 2309 individuals from Rotterdam Study LifeLines-DEEP cohort. We assess relationship between linear regression analysis while adjusting for age, sex, body-mass index, technical covariates, medication use, multiple testing. report an association 32 microbial families genera with very-low-density subfractions, serum lipid measures, glycolysis-related metabolites, ketone bodies, amino acids, acute-phase reaction markers. These observations provide insights role host metabolism support potential as a target therapeutic preventive interventions.

Language: Английский

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The Influence of the Gut Microbiome on Obesity in Adults and the Role of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics for Weight Loss

Preventive Nutrition and Food Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 113 - 123

Published: June 30, 2020

The link between the gut microbiome and obesity is not well defined. Understanding of role in weight health management may lead to future revolutionary changes for treating obesity. This review examined relationship microbiome, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics preventing We used PubMed Google Scholar collect appropriate articles review. showed that has an impact on nutrient metabolism energy expenditure. Moreover, different modalities treatment have been shown change diversity composition microbiome; this raises questions about these play loss. In addition, studies supplementation with alter secretion hormones, neurotransmitters, inflammatory factors, thus food intake triggers gain. Further clinical are needed better understand how species bacteria affect gain, determine most doses, compositions, regimens long-term control.

Language: Английский

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The role of gut microbiota in obesity, diabetes mellitus, and effect of metformin: new insights into old diseases

Current Opinion in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 49, P. 1 - 5

Published: April 20, 2019

Language: Английский

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Metabolite Exchange between Mammalian Organs Quantified in Pigs

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 30(3), P. 594 - 606.e3

Published: June 27, 2019

Language: Английский

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Gastrointestinal biofilms in health and disease

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(5), P. 314 - 334

Published: Jan. 28, 2021

Language: Английский

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Gastric microbes associated with gastric inflammation, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia 1 year afterHelicobacter pylorieradication

Gut, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 69(9), P. 1572 - 1581

Published: Jan. 23, 2020

Helicobacter pylori is associated with gastric inflammation, precancerous atrophy (GA) and intestinal metaplasia (IM). We aimed to identify microbes that are progressive GA IM 1 year after H. eradication.A total of 587 pylori-positive patients were randomised receive eradication therapy (295 patients) or placebo (292 patients). Bacterial taxonomy was analysed on 404 biopsy samples comprising 102 pairs before 100 by 16S rRNA sequencing.Analysis microbial sequences confirmed the in treated group year. Principal component analysis revealed distinct clusters reflected increase bacterial diversity (p<0.00001) eradication. While interactions remained largely unchanged treatment, co-occurrence less group. Acinetobacter lwoffii, Streptococcus anginosus Ralstonia enriched while Roseburia Sphingomonas depleted persistent inflammation A cluster oral bacteria Peptostreptococcus, Streptococcus, Parvimonas, Prevotella, Rothia Granulicatella emergence persistence IM. Probiotic Faecalibacterium praustznii subjects who developed following Functional pathways including amino acid metabolism inositol phosphate folate biosynthesis NOD-like receptor signalling decreased atrophy/IM-associated microbiota.This study identified contribute progression carcinogenesis

Language: Английский

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