Hypothalamic-Ovarian axis and Adiposity Relationship in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Physiopathology and Therapeutic Options for the Management of Metabolic and Inflammatory Aspects

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 51 - 70

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review The goal the present review is to address main adiposity-related alterations in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) focusing on hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (H-P-O) axis and provide an overview nutraceutical pharmacological therapeutic strategies. Recent Findings Female reproduction a complex delicate interplay between neuroendocrine signals involving H-P-O axis. Elements that disrupt balance these interactions can lead metabolic reproductive disorders, such as PCOS. This disorder includes menstrual, metabolic, biochemical abnormalities well hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulatory menstrual cycles, insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia which share inflammatory state with other chronic diseases. Moreover, self-feeding cycle, high androgen levels PCOS visceral fat deposition, resulting resistance hyperinsulinemia, further stimulating ovarian adrenal production. In fact, regardless age BMI, women have more adipose tissue less lean mass than healthy women. Excessive adiposity, especially capable affecting female through direct mechanisms compromising luteal phase, indirect able affect function Summary intricate crosstalk status contributes PCOS, alongside currently available hormonal treatments, strategies be exploited treat alterations, order enable comprehensive synergistic tailored treatment.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Antioxidative Effects of Ginger and Cinnamon: A Comprehensive Review of Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Other Oxidative Stress-Related Disorders

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 392 - 392

Published: March 25, 2024

Oxidative stress represents the pathophysiological basis for most disorders, including reproductive issues. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is heterogeneous endocrine disorder of women characterized primarily by irregular menstrual cycles, hyper-androgenism, and ovulatory dysfunction. In last decades, PCOS was recognized as a systemic silent inflammation an oxidative disturbance-related disorder, exerting multifaceted symptoms, metabolic. treatment should involve personalized approach tailored to individual symptoms; however, results are often unsatisfactory. Various supplementary treatments have been proposed assist in management alleviation symptoms. Cinnamon ginger, known millennia herbs used spices or traditional medicine various diseases, interest this study. The aim study evaluate investigate effects cinnamon ginger patients. Using relevant keywords we searched through PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, Google Scholar Web science find animal studies, pre-clinical, clinical studies which were then reviewed usage. Out all total 65 included review article. can affect hormonal status, lipid profile, obesity, insulin resistance mitigating inflammation. Generally, based on current evidence, it revealed that supplementation with had useful impact patients PCOS. This summarizes antioxidative treatment, highlighting their potential benefits other stress-related pathologies.

Language: Английский

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The Anti-Mullerian Hormone as a Biomarker of Effectiveness of Metformin Hydrochloride Therapy in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Insulin Resistance

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 884 - 884

Published: April 11, 2025

Background/Objectives: Among the therapeutic options available for managing PCOS, metformin improves insulin sensitivity, reduces androgen levels, and helps restore menstrual regularity ovulation. While primarily used its metabolic effects, therapy may also influence reproductive parameters, including AMH which are pivotal in improving ovarian function predicting outcomes PCOS. The aim of this study was to search scientific literature analyze correlation between levels hydrochloride women with PCOS IR. Methods: A systematic review conducted using following keywords: polycystic syndrome, anti-Mullerian hormone, resistance, metformin, treatment, biomarker, syndrome. This aimed at investigating potential as a biomarker effectiveness patients Results: Metformin treatment has shown significant reductions serum prolonged therapy. As an sensitizer, hyperinsulinemia, suppresses hyperandrogenism. process inhibits growth antral follicles, is reflected decreased levels. Conclusions: Reductions improvements sensitivity can serve indicators efficacy enhancements these patients. could be considered prognostic marker evaluating decrease indicate improved reduction morphology. However, further research necessary confirm findings determine optimal dosages duration treatment.

Language: Английский

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Effect of calorie restriction and intermittent fasting on glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, inflammatory, and hormonal markers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 5, 2024

Background and objective Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex hormonal disorder that leads to ovarian cysts, irregular ovulation, swings in women. It heterogeneous condition affects 4 20% of women reproductive age worldwide relates reproductive, metabolic, psychosocial dysfunction. Dietary lifestyle modifications have been proposed play central role the management PCOS. This study aimed provide comprehensive systemic overview existing literature on effects intermittent fasting (IF) calorie restriction (CR) regimens disease markers Designs methods Several databases, such as CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, EMBASE, Google Scholar, ProQuest Medical, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web Science databases were searched for clinical trials observational studies examined IF time-restricted eating Ramadan model (RIF) glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, inflammatory patients with Results systematic review solicited three articles, comprising collective sample size 75 females diagnosed The published between 2015 2023 undertaken countries: China, Turkey, Iran. research articles intervention CR PCOS-related parameters anthropometric measures biochemical tests which included enzymes, glycemic control, hormonal, oxidative stress, markers. yielded mixed results, two them showing significant changes across all tested parameters. One did not exhibit any changes. Conclusion Very limited relationship IR Further well-controlled need be combined results from illustrate intricate diverse nature IF, including RIF, its influence measurements body composition related

Language: Английский

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High Fat Diet and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Adolescence: An Overview of Nutritional Strategies

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 938 - 938

Published: March 24, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted and heterogeneous disorder, linked with notable reproductive, metabolic, psychological outcomes. During adolescence, key components of PCOS treatment involve weight loss achieved through lifestyle dietary interventions, subsequently pursued by pharmacological or surgical therapies. Nutritional interventions represent the first-line therapeutic approach in adolescents affected PCOS, but different kinds protocols exist, so it necessary to clarify effectiveness benefits most well-known nutritional approaches. We provided comprehensive review current literature concerning definition, pathophysiology, options, highlighting strategies, particularly those related high-fat diets. The proposed literature, such as ketogenic diet (KD), appear provide patients terms control metabolic parameters. Among types KD studies, very low-calorie diets (VLCKD), can be considered an effective intervention for short-term PCOS. It rapidly leads alongside improvements body composition profile. Even though extremely advantageous, long-term adherence limiting factor. Indeed, this regimen could become unsustainable due important restrictions required ketosis development. Thus, combination more nutrient-rich regimens, Mediterranean diet, amplify positive effects individuals

Language: Английский

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Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet: Potential Application in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(16), P. 3582 - 3582

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance (IR) are main drivers clinical, metabolic phenotypes PCOS. In adolescence, cornerstones PCOS treatment lifestyle dietary interventions. particular, quality quantity carbohydrates introduced with diet play a crucial role benefits on Recently, ketogenic (KD) has attracted significant interest for IR control carbohydrate metabolism, which proven to be beneficial several dysmetabolic conditions, including The goal KD induce fasting-like metabolism production chetonic bodies. Ketosis good regulator calorie intake mimics starvation effect body, leading body weight consequent metabolism. Additionally, during ketogenesis, receptor sensitivity also promoted. We proposed broad overview available literature regarding indications considered its useful improving management. reported data support that low-calorie (LCKD) plays positive as weight, IR, glucose lipid homeostasis hormonal profile. Unfortunately, evidence concerning very LCKD adolescents excessive still numerically scarce. Further studies necessary understand whether these effects due loss or nutritional characteristics this diet. Considering long-term consequences PCOS, it detect prospects interventions protect fertility, starting adolescence.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Diet, Glycaemic Index and Glucose Control in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Management and Mechanisms of Progression

Current Nutrition Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Abstract Purpose of Review Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder with several causal pathways including impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance (IR), compensatory hyperinsulinemia and excess androgens (hyperandrogenism). This heterogeneous condition causes range reproductive, metabolic psychological implications, the severity which can differ between individuals depending on factors such as age, diet, ethnicity, genetics, medication, contraceptive use, adiposity, Body Mass Index (BMI). Recent Findings Dietary interventions that focus low glycaemic index control are an efficient first-line dietary solution for management tolerance IR, subsequently improves weight management, quality life PCOS-related symptoms in this condition. Summary review aims to explore relevance nutrition more specifically, association load PCOS, well assess potential benefits manipulating those indexes approach syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Reproductive Endocrine Disorders: A Comprehensive Guide to the Diagnosis and Management of Infertility, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Endometriosis

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Reproductive endocrine disorders, including infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and endometriosis, significantly impact women's reproductive health overall well-being. This comprehensive review explores the diagnosis management strategies for these prevalent conditions. Infertility, affecting millions globally, is often linked to ovulatory dysfunction, PCOS, endometriosis. PCOS characterized by hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularities, insulin resistance, contributing anovulation infertility. The Rotterdam criteria are widely used diagnosis, includes lifestyle modifications, pharmacological treatments like ovulation inducers, and, in some cases, surgical interventions. Endometriosis, caused presence of endometrial-like tissue outside uterus, leads chronic pain infertility through inflammation, adhesions, impaired ovarian function. Laparoscopy remains gold standard diagnosing treatment focuses on relief, fertility preservation, reducing recurrence. In cases endometriosis-related assisted technologies (ARTs) vitro fertilization (IVF) recommended. addition, role diet changes managing conditions gaining recognition. emphasizes complexity disorders underscores need individualized plans, combining medical, surgical, approaches improve outcomes enhance quality life affected women. also highlights importance early advances therapeutic interventions ensure optimal patient care

Language: Английский

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A novel therapeutic approach for hormonal imbalance in polycystic ovarian syndrome; evaluating the effects of Nutrition Bio-Shield Supplement in an animal model

Obesity Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100590 - 100590

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Maturation Performance of Snakehead Fish (Channa Striata) with The Percentage of Feed for Rice Field Snails (Pila Ampullacea) with The Addition of Vitamin E

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1468(1), P. 012014 - 012014

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is a native that lives in Indonesia’s public waters which increasingly economically valuable. Cultivating this challenge the gonad maturation process takes long time to spawn. Gonadal maturity can be achieved by hormonal manipulation, environment, and provision of quality natural feed. One feeds used rice field snails (Pila ampullacea) are rich protein, as well addition vitamin E. This study analyzed effects feed E on reproductive performance snakehead fish, giving percentage 3%, 5% 7% satiation. Using Complete Random Design with 4 treatments 3 replicates. The results showed feeding improved an average GMR III-IV, gonadosomatic index 1.34 – 2.60%, hepatosomatic 0.84 0.95%.

Language: Английский

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