Vigorous physical activity, incident heart disease, and cancer: how little is enough?

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(46), P. 4801 - 4814

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

Abstract Aims Vigorous physical activity (VPA) is a time-efficient way to achieve recommended levels. There very limited understanding of the minimal and optimal amounts vigorous in relation mortality disease incidence. Methods results A prospective study 71 893 adults [median age (IQR): 62.5 years (55.3, 67.7); 55.9% female] from UK Biobank cohort with wrist-worn accelerometry. VPA volume (min/week) frequency short bouts (≤2 min) were measured. The dose–response associations [all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD) cancer], CVD cancer incidence examined after excluding events occurring first year. During mean post-landmark point follow-up 5.9 (SD ± 0.8), adjusted 5-year absolute risk was 4.17% (95% confidence interval: 3.19%, 5.13%) for no VPA, 2.12% (1.81%, 2.44%) >0 <10 min, 1.78% (1.53%, 2.03%) 10 <30 1.47% (1.21%, 1.73%) 30 <60 1.10% (0.84%, 1.36%) ≥60 min. ‘optimal dose’ (nadir curve) 53.6 (50.5, 56.7) min/week [hazard ratio (HR): 0.64 (0.54, 0.77)] relative 5th percentile reference (2.2 min/week). an inverse linear dose-response association mortality. ‘minimal’ dose (50% dose) ∼15 (14.3, 16.3) all-cause [HR: 0.82 (0.75, 0.89)] 0.84 (0.74, 0.95)] mortality, 19.2 (16.5, 21.9) 0.60 (0.50, 0.72)] These consistent between 27 (24, 30) bouts/week associated lowest 0.73 (0.62, 0.87)]. Conclusion 15–20 16–40% lower HR, further decreases up 50–57 min/week. findings suggest reduced health risks may be attainable through relatively modest accrued across week.

Language: Английский

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What Is Moderate to Vigorous Exercise Intensity?

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 22, 2021

A variety of health benefits associated with physical activity depends upon the frequency, intensity, duration, and type exercise. Intensity exercise is most elusive these elements yet has important implications for particularly cardiovascular outcomes elicited by regular activity. Authorities recommend that we obtain 150min moderate to vigorous intensity (MVPA) each week. The current descriptions are not sufficient, wish enhance understanding MVPA recognition boundaries define intensities. There two key thresholds identified in incremental tests: ventilatory lactate 1 2, which reflect related individualized disturbance homeostasis appropriate prescribing VT2 LT2 correspond critical power/speed respiratory compensation point. Moderate approaches VT1 LT1 between (1 2). common practice at a fixed metabolic rate (# METs) or percentage maximal heart oxygen uptake (V̇O 2 max) does acknowledge individual variability boundaries. As training adaptations occur, will change absolute relative terms. Reassessment necessary maintain domains. Future research should consider using prescription, so gain better specific induced benefits.

Language: Английский

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Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App

Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 52(2), P. 237 - 255

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Heavy-, Severe-, and Extreme-, but Not Moderate-Intensity Exercise Increase V̇o2max and Thresholds after 6 wk of Training

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(7), P. 1307 - 1316

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction This study assessed the effect of individualized, domain-based exercise intensity prescription on changes in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O 2max ) and submaximal thresholds. Methods Eighty-four young healthy participants (42 females, 42 males) were randomly assigned to six age, sex, V̇O -matched groups (14 each). Groups performed continuous cycling 1) moderate (MOD), 2) lower heavy (HVY1), 3) upper heavy-intensity (HVY2) domain; interval form 4) high-intensity training (HIIT) severe-intensity domain, or 5) sprint-interval (SIT) extreme-intensity no for 6) control (CON). All groups, except SIT, work-matched. Training completed three sessions per week 6 wk with physiological evaluations at PRE, MID, POST intervention. Results Compared change (∆V̇O CON (0.1 ± 1.2 mL·kg −1 ·min ), all MOD (1.8 2.7 demonstrated a significant increase ( P < 0.05). HIIT produced highest (6.2 2.8 followed by HVY2 (5.4 2.3 SIT (4.7 HVY1 (3.3 2.4 respectively. The ΔPO estimated lactate threshold θ LT was similar across HVY1, HVY2, HIIT, which greater than ΔV̇O 2 not different from > metabolic steady state, CON, MOD, Conclusions that i) is key component determining thresholds ii) allows homogenous stimulus individuals.

Language: Английский

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Biological and methodological factors affecting response variability to endurance training and the influence of exercise intensity prescription

Experimental Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 106(7), P. 1410 - 1424

Published: May 26, 2021

What is the topic of this review? Biological and methodological factors associated with variable changes in cardiorespiratory fitness response to endurance training. advances does it highlight? Several biological exist that each contribute, a given extent, variability. Notably, prescribing exercise intensity relative physiological thresholds reportedly increases rates compared when prescribed maximum values. As threshold-based approaches elicit more homogeneous acute responses among individuals, repeated over time, these uniform may manifest as chronic adaptations thereby reducing variability.Changes (CRF) training (ET) exhibit large variations, possibly due multitude factors. It acknowledged ∼20% individuals not achieve meaningful CRF ET. Genetics, most potent contributor, has been shown explain ∼50% variability, whilst age, sex baseline appear smaller proportion. Methodological represent characteristics ET itself, including type, volume exercise, well method used prescribe control intensity. are modifiable and, upon manipulation, alter ET, eliciting regardless an individual's predisposition. Particularly, threshold (e.g., ventilatory threshold) increase anchored value heart rate). is, however, uncertain whether increased primarily attributable reduced greater mean or both. Future research warranted elucidate time result exposure stimuli elicited by practices.

Language: Английский

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Clinician approach to cardiopulmonary exercise testing for exercise prescription in patients at risk of and with cardiovascular disease

British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(20), P. 1180 - 1187

Published: June 9, 2022

Exercise training is highly recommended in current guidelines on primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This based the benefits physical activity structured exercise, ranging from improving quality life to reducing CVD overall mortality. Therefore, exercise should be treated as a powerful medicine critical component management plan for patients at risk or diagnosed with CVD. A tailored approach patient’s personal clinical characteristics represents cornerstone prescription. In this regard, use cardiopulmonary testing well-established stratification, quantification cardiorespiratory fitness ventilatory thresholds tailored, personalised The aim paper provide practical guidance clinicians how data towards prescriptions

Language: Английский

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The Respiratory Compensation Point: Mechanisms and Relation to the Maximal Metabolic Steady State

Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(12), P. 2993 - 3003

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exercise intensity prescription in cardiovascular rehabilitation: bridging the gap between best evidence and clinical practice

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Optimizing endurance exercise intensity prescription is crucial to maximize the clinical benefits and minimize complications for individuals at risk or with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, standardization remains incomplete due variations in guidelines. This review provides a practical updated guide health professionals on how prescribe rehabilitation (CR) populations, addressing international guidelines, applicability across diverse settings resource availabilities. In context of CR, cardiopulmonary test (CPET) considered gold standard assessment, based ventilatory thresholds (VTs) preferable methodology. where this approach isn't accessible, which frequently case low-resource environments, approximating VTs involves combining objective assessments—ideally, tests without gas exchange analyses, but least alternative functional like 6-minute walk test—with subjective methods adjusting prescriptions, such as Borg's ratings perceived exertion Talk Test. Therefore, enhancing offering personalized physical activity guidance patients CVD rely aligning workouts individual physiological changes. A tailored promotes consistent impactful routine outcomes, considering patient preferences motivations. Consequently, selection implementation best possible should consider available resources, an ongoing emphasis strategies improve delivery quality training FITT-VP model (frequency, intensity, time, type, volume, progression).

Language: Английский

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The many faces of exercise intensity: a call to agree on definitions and provide standardized prescriptions

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(12), P. e89 - e91

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Journal Article Corrected proof The many faces of exercise intensity: a call to agree on definitions and provide standardized prescriptions Get access Sara Faggian, Faggian Sports Exercise Medicine Division, Department Medicine, University Padova, Via N. Giustiniani 2, 35128 ItalyClinical Network the Veneto Region, Passaggio Luigi Gaudenzio 1, 35131 Italy https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8531-2115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Anna Centanini, Centanini https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0861-2020 Giulia Quinto, Quinto https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5653-275X Marco Vecchiato, Vecchiato https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2395-4977 Andrea Ermolao, Ermolao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0546-1514 Francesca Battista, Battista Corresponding author. Tel: +39049 8217455, Email: [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-1354 Daniel Neunhaeuserer https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9775-4260 European Preventive Cardiology, zwae034, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae034 Published: 25 January 2024 history Received: 17 November 2023 Revision received: 15 Accepted: 22 typeset: 07 February

Language: Английский

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Associations of Relative Intensity of Physical Activity With Incident Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality

The Journals of Gerontology Series A, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(8)

Published: May 3, 2024

The relative intensity of physical activity (PA) can be estimated as the percent one's maximal effort required. We compared associations and absolute PA with incident major cardiovascular disease (CVD) all-cause mortality in 5 633 women from Objective Physical Activity Cardiovascular Health Study (mean age 78.5 ± 6.7). Absolute was measured by accelerometry. Relative dividing accelerometer-estimated metabolic equivalents (METs) MET capacity. Both were aggregated into mean daily hours light (LPA) moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA). Cox proportional hazard models ratios (HRs) for 1-hour higher amounts on outcomes. During follow-up (median = 7.4 years), there 748 CVD events 1 312 deaths. Greater LPA MVPA, either scale, associated reduced risk both HRs a increment 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83-0.93) 0.84-0.92) mortality, respectively. MPVA 0.73 0.61-0.87) 0.55 0.48-0.64) same 0.70 0.59-0.84) 0.78 0.68-0.89) 0.89 0.83-0.96) 0.82 0.77-0.87) On more strongly, inversely outcomes than MVPA. MVPA strongly Findings support continued shift paradigm toward recommendation movement, regardless intensity. LPA--a modifiable, easily achieved behavioral target, particularly among ambulatory older adults--was death.

Language: Английский

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