Cellular Mechanisms and Regulation of Quiescence

Developmental Cell, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 55(3), P. 259 - 271

Published: Nov. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of Oocyte Maturation and Related Epigenetic Regulation

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: March 19, 2021

Meiosis is the basis of sexual reproduction. In female mammals, meiosis oocytes starts before birth and sustains at dictyate stage meiotic prophase I gonadotropins-induced ovulation happens. Once gets started, undergo leptotene, zygotene, pachytene stages, then arrest stage. During each estrus cycle in or menstrual humans, a small portion within preovulatory follicles may resume meiosis. It crucial for females to supply high quality mature sustaining fertility, which generally achieved by fine-tuning oocyte resumption progression. Anything that disturbs process result failure oogenesis seriously affect both fertility health females. Therefore, uncovering regulatory network progression illuminates not only how foundations mammalian reproduction are laid, but mis-regulation these steps infertility. order provide an overview recently uncovered cellular molecular mechanism during maturation, especially epigenetic modification, progress including induced gonadotropins summarized. Then, advances aspects, such as histone acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation related maturation reviewed.

Language: Английский

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In vivo and in vitro postovulatory aging: when time works against oocyte quality?

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(4), P. 905 - 918

Published: March 21, 2022

Abstract In mammalian species an optimal fertilization window during which successful occurs. the majority of mammals estrus marks ovulation time and coincident with mating, thereby allowing synchronized meeting in fallopian tubes, between freshly ejaculated sperm ovulated oocytes. Conversely, women do not show natural visual signs such that can occur hours later involving aged oocyte spermatozoa. During this time, undergoes a rapid degradation known as “postovulatory aging” (POA). POA may become particularly important human-assisted reproductive technologies, retrieved mature oocytes be delayed due to increased laboratory workload or because unforeseeable circumstances, like availability semen samples. This paper is updated review consequences POA, either vivo vitro , on quality particular attention modifications caused by nuclear, cytoplasmic, genomic, epigenetic maturation, embryo development.

Language: Английский

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Chronic low-grade inflammation and ovarian dysfunction in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, and aging

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

The ovarian microenvironment is critical for follicular development and oocyte maturation. Maternal conditions, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, aging, may compromise the microenvironment, development, quality. Chronic low-grade inflammation can induce oxidative stress tissue fibrosis in ovary. In PCOS, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels are often elevated fluids. women with obesity hyperandrogenemia insulin resistance chronic inflammation, thereby disrupting by increasing stress. endometrioma-derived iron overload stress, leading to ferroptosis fibrosis. inflammatory aging (inflammaging), senescent cells secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors, causing Therefore, controlling would present a novel therapeutic strategy improving minimizing dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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The role of recombinant LH in ovarian stimulation: what’s new?

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(S1)

Published: March 10, 2025

Abstract It is widely recognized that luteinizing hormone (LH) activity pivotal during folliculogenesis. Nonetheless, the use of LH ovarian stimulation remains a matter debate. Indeed, women with good function are able to sustain follicle growth and maturation carried out regimens based on follicle-stimulating (FSH) alone. However, evidence exists could be necessary in specific infertile subgroups undergoing assisted reproduction treatment (ART) who characterized by functional or constitutive deficiency. For instance, reduced sensitivity gonadotropins, also called hypo-responders, usually present genetic condition impair LH. Furthermore, advanced reproductive age less system consequently androgen production. Reduced represent main criteria proposed POSEIDON group identify impaired prognosis when ART. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadal undetectable levels, thus addition mandatory achieve satisfactory follicular recruitment. The aim review describe role recombinant stimulation, identifying population for whom supplementation improve outcome

Language: Английский

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Spatial Organization of Chromatin: Emergence of Chromatin Structure During Development

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 199 - 232

Published: July 6, 2021

Nuclei are central hubs for information processing in eukaryotic cells. The need to fit large genomes into small nuclei imposes severe restrictions on genome organization and the mechanisms that drive genome-wide regulatory processes. How a disordered polymer such as chromatin, which has vast heterogeneity its DNA histone modification profiles, folds discernibly consistent patterns is fundamental question biology. Outstanding questions include how spatially temporally organized regulate cellular processes with high precision whether causally linked transcription regulation. advent of next-generation sequencing, super-resolution imaging, multiplexed fluorescent situ hybridization, single-molecule imaging individual living cells caused resurgence efforts understand spatiotemporal genome. In this review, we discuss structural mechanistic properties at different length scales examine changes higher-order chromatin during important developmental transitions.

Language: Английский

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The molecular regulatory mechanisms of meiotic arrest and resumption in Oocyte development and maturation

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

Abstract In human female primordial germ cells, the transition from mitosis to meiosis begins fetal stage. is arrested at diplotene stage of prophase in I (MI) after synapsis and recombination homologous chromosomes, which cannot be segregated. Within follicle, maintenance oocyte meiotic arrest primarily attributed high cytoplasmic concentrations cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Depending on specific species, oocytes can remain for extended periods time, ranging months even years. During estrus phase animals or menstrual cycle humans, resumption occurs certain due a surge luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Any factor interfering with this process may lead impaired maturation, turn affects reproductive function. Nevertheless, precise molecular mechanisms underlying phenomenon has not been systematically summarized yet. To provide comprehensive understanding recently uncovered regulatory network involved development progress cellular nuclear maturation including summarized. Additionally, advancements events occurring oocytes, such as maternal mRNA degradation, posttranslational regulation, organelle distribution associated quality are reviewed. Therefore, pathways regulating will detailed insight into system theoretical basis further research potential approaches novel disease treatments.

Language: Английский

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Gonadotropins as pharmacological agents in assisted reproductive technology and polycystic ovary syndrome

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 194 - 215

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Actions and Roles of FSH in Germinative Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(18), P. 10110 - 10110

Published: Sept. 18, 2021

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is produced by the pituitary gland in a coordinated hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis event, plays important roles reproduction and germ cell development during different phases of reproductive (fetal, neonatal, puberty, adult life), consequently essential for fertility. FSH heterodimeric glycoprotein two dissociable subunits, α β. The β-subunit (FSHβ) function starts upon coupling to its specific receptor: follicle-stimulating receptor (FSHR). FSHRs are localized mainly on surface target cells testis ovary (granulosa Sertoli cells) have recently been found testicular stem extra-gonadal tissue. Several disorders associated with absent or low secretion, mutation receptor, and/or signaling pathways. However, influence still poorly understood; some studies suggested that this also determinant role self-renewal germinative acts increase undifferentiated spermatogonia proliferation. In addition, vitro, together other factors, it assists process differentiation primordial (PGCLCs) into gametes (oocyte-like SSCLCs). review, we describe relevant research spermatogenesis folliculogenesis, humans species. possible generation vitro presented.

Language: Английский

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The role of amphiregulin in ovarian function and disease

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80(3)

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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