Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Nov. 30, 2023
Pressurized
metered-dose
inhalers
(pMDIs)
deliver
life-saving
medications
to
patients
with
respiratory
conditions
and
are
the
most
used
inhaler
delivery
device
globally.
pMDIs
utilize
a
hydrofluoroalkane
(HFA),
also
known
as
an
F-gas,
propellant
facilitate
of
medication
into
lungs.
Although
HFAs
have
minimal
impact
on
ozone
depletion,
their
global
warming
potential
(GWP)
is
more
than
1,000
times
higher
CO
2
,
bringing
them
in
scope
F-Gas
Regulation
European
Union
(EU).
The
pharmaceutical
industry
developing
solutions,
including
near-zero
GWP
“next-generation
propellant,”
HFO-1234ze(E).
At
same
time,
EU
evaluating
restriction
per-and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
under
Registration,
Evaluation,
Authorization,
Restriction
Chemicals
(REACH)
regulation.
Trifluoroacetic
acid
(TFA)
persistent
PFAS
degradation
product
We
quantified
yield
TFA
from
HFO-1234ze(E)
using
computational
model
Europe-relevant
atmospheric
conditions.
modeling
suggests
that
degrades
formyl
fluoride
within
20
days
(≥85%)
even
at
highest
examined
altitude.
These
results
suggest
varies
between
0%–4%
different
In
2022,
France
represented
numbers
pMDI
units
sold
EU,
assuming
these
had
propellant,
we
estimate
annual
rainwater
deposition
∼0.025
μg/L.
demonstrate
negligible
formation
HFO-1234ze(E),
further
supporting
its
suitability
non-persistent,
non-bioaccumulative,
non-toxic
future
for
devices
safeguard
access
essential
medicines.
Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(100), P. 162 - 166
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
The
paper
presents
data
on
the
influence
of
electromagnetic
radiation
organism
honey
bees.
For
this,
three
groups
bee
families
were
formed.
Bee
control
group
kept
under
from
Sun.
In
1st
experimental
group,
offspring
exposed
to
with
a
frequency
2580
MHz.
we
used
GZ-122
microwave
generator
an
output
power
1×10-12
W.
Irradiation
was
carried
out
in
chamber
isolated
light
and
shielded
radiation,
which
located
thermally
sound-insulated
room
radiation.
experiments
brood,
temperature
maintained
at
35
°С
TS-80
thermostats.
following
mode:
9
hours
irradiation
7
pause
(without
irradiation).
This
cycle
repeated
3
times
row.
second
same
generator,
irradiated
brood
16
It
established
that
bees
developed
long-term
artificial
acquire
morphophysiological
characteristics
fewer
reserve
nutrients.
Long-term
exposure
negatively
affects
storage
nutrients
form
lipids
by
25.69
%
(P
<
0.05),
reduction
total
nitrogen
16.93
0.05).
Such
negative
trend
revealed
against
background
14.1
lower
mass
0.01)
compared
natural
irradiation.
Earth system science data,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(10), P. 4655 - 4672
Published: Oct. 16, 2024
Abstract.
Ultraviolet
(UV)
radiation
is
closely
related
to
health;
however,
limited
measurements
have
hindered
further
investigation
of
its
health
effects
in
China.
Machine
learning
algorithms
been
widely
used
predict
environmental
factors
with
high
accuracy,
but
a
number
studies
implemented
it
for
UV
radiation.
The
main
aim
this
study
develop
prediction
model
using
the
random
forest
approach
and
daily
10
km
resolution
mainland
China
from
2005
2020.
was
developed
multiple
predictors,
such
as
data
satellites
independent
variables
ground
monitoring
stations
dependent
variable.
Missing
satellite-based
were
obtained
3
d
moving
average
method.
performance
evaluated
cross-validation
(CV)
methods.
overall
R2
root
mean
square
error
between
measured
predicted
development
10-fold
CV
0.97
15.64
W
m−2
0.83
37.44
at
level,
respectively.
that
incorporated
erythemal
dose
(EDD)
retrieved
Ozone
Monitoring
Instrument
(OMI)
had
higher
accuracy
than
without
it.
Based
on
predictions
spatial
resolution,
nearly
100
%
spatiotemporal
coverage,
we
found
increased
by
4.20
%,
PM2.5
levels
decreased
48.51
O3
22.70
2013–2020,
suggesting
potential
correlation
among
these
factors.
uneven
distribution
associated
latitude,
elevation,
meteorological
factors,
season.
eastern
areas
pose
risk
due
both
population
density
intensity.
Using
machine
algorithm,
generated
gridded
dataset
extensive
which
can
be
utilized
future
health-related
research.
This
freely
available
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10884591
(Jiang
et
al.,
2024).
Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Nov. 30, 2023
Pressurized
metered-dose
inhalers
(pMDIs)
deliver
life-saving
medications
to
patients
with
respiratory
conditions
and
are
the
most
used
inhaler
delivery
device
globally.
pMDIs
utilize
a
hydrofluoroalkane
(HFA),
also
known
as
an
F-gas,
propellant
facilitate
of
medication
into
lungs.
Although
HFAs
have
minimal
impact
on
ozone
depletion,
their
global
warming
potential
(GWP)
is
more
than
1,000
times
higher
CO
2
,
bringing
them
in
scope
F-Gas
Regulation
European
Union
(EU).
The
pharmaceutical
industry
developing
solutions,
including
near-zero
GWP
“next-generation
propellant,”
HFO-1234ze(E).
At
same
time,
EU
evaluating
restriction
per-and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
under
Registration,
Evaluation,
Authorization,
Restriction
Chemicals
(REACH)
regulation.
Trifluoroacetic
acid
(TFA)
persistent
PFAS
degradation
product
We
quantified
yield
TFA
from
HFO-1234ze(E)
using
computational
model
Europe-relevant
atmospheric
conditions.
modeling
suggests
that
degrades
formyl
fluoride
within
20
days
(≥85%)
even
at
highest
examined
altitude.
These
results
suggest
varies
between
0%–4%
different
In
2022,
France
represented
numbers
pMDI
units
sold
EU,
assuming
these
had
propellant,
we
estimate
annual
rainwater
deposition
∼0.025
μg/L.
demonstrate
negligible
formation
HFO-1234ze(E),
further
supporting
its
suitability
non-persistent,
non-bioaccumulative,
non-toxic
future
for
devices
safeguard
access
essential
medicines.
