CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutics: progress and prospects

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Abstract Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) gene-editing technology is the ideal tool of future for treating diseases by permanently correcting deleterious base mutations or disrupting disease-causing genes with great precision and efficiency. A variety efficient Cas9 variants derivatives have been developed to cope complex genomic changes that occur during diseases. However, strategies effectively deliver CRISPR system diseased cells in vivo are currently lacking, nonviral vectors target recognition functions may be focus research. Pathological physiological resulting from disease onset expected serve as identifying factors targeted delivery targets gene editing. Diseases both varied complex, choice appropriate methods different important. Meanwhile, there still many potential challenges identified when targeting CRISPR/Cas9 treatment. This paper reviews current developments three aspects, namely, type, vector, characteristics. Additionally, this summarizes successful examples clinical trials finally describes possible problems associated applications.

Language: Английский

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Plant‐derived extracellular vesicles: Recent advancements and current challenges on their use for biomedical applications

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a diverse class of lipid bilayer membrane released by both animal and plant cells. These ubiquitous are involved in intercellular communication transport various biological cargos, including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. In recent years, interest plant‐derived EVs has increased tremendously, as they serve scalable sustainable alternative to derived from mammalian sources. vitro vivo findings have demonstrated that these (PDVs) possess intrinsic therapeutic activities can potentially treat diseases improve human health. addition, PDVs also act efficient biocompatible drug carriers. While preclinical studies shown promising results, there still several challenges knowledge gaps be addressed for the successful translation into clinical applications, especially view lack standardised protocols material handling PDV isolation This review provides readers with quick overview current understanding research on PDVs, critically analysing highlighting immense potential novel therapeutics diseases. It is expected this work will guide scientists address currently associated promote new advances plant‐based solutions.

Language: Английский

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Plant‐Derived Vesicle‐Like Nanoparticles as Promising Biotherapeutic Tools: Present and Future

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(24)

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous, phospholipid bilayer‐enclosed biological particles that regulate cell communication by molecular cargo delivery and surface signaling. EVs secreted almost all living cells, including plant cells. Plant‐derived vesicle‐like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) is a generic term referring to nanostructure isolated from plants. Their low immunogenicity wide availability make PDVLNs safer more economical be developed as therapeutic agents drug carriers. Accumulating evidence indicates the key roles of in regulating interkingdom crosstalk between humans capable entering human‐body systemand delivering effector molecules cells modulate cell‐signaling pathways. released or obtained plants thus have great influenceon human health diseases. In this review, biogenesis, detailed preparation methods, various physical biochemical characteristics, biosafety, preservation introduced, along with how these characteristics pertain their biosafety preservability. The potential applications on different mammalian diseases PDVLN research standardization then systematically discussed.

Language: Английский

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Current understanding of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles in regulating the inflammatory response and immune system microenvironment

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 190, P. 106733 - 106733

Published: March 15, 2023

Natural compounds are widely used to prevent and treat various diseases due their antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects. As a kind of promising natural compound, plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) extracted from multivesicular bodies edible plants, including vegetables, foods, fruits, mainly regulate the cellular immune response pathogen attacks. Moreover, PELNs could remarkably interfere with dynamic imbalance between pro-inflammatory effects, facilitating maintain homeostasis microenvironment. may serve as better alternative animal-derived exosomes (ADEs) owing widespread sources, cost-effectiveness, easy accessibility. can mediate interspecies communication by transferring cargoes such proteins, lipids, nucleic acids plant cells mammalian cells. This review summarizes biogenesis, composition, classification exosomes; common separation, purification, characterization methods PELNs, potential advantages over ADEs; immunomodulatory functions in colitis, cancer, inflammation-associated metabolic diseases. Additionally, future perspectives challenges associated clinical application discussed.

Language: Английский

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Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles: Current Progress and Prospects

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 4987 - 5009

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract: Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles, ranging in size from 30– 150nm, which can be derived various types of cells. In recent years, mammalian-derived exosomes have been extensively studied and found to play a crucial role regulating intercellular communication, thereby influencing the development progression numerous diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine has employed plant-based remedies for thousands an increasing body evidence suggests that plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNs) share similarities with terms their structure function. this review, we provide overview advances study PELNs potential implications human health. Specifically, summarize roles respiratory, digestive, circulatory, other Furthermore, investigated shortcomings challenges current research regarding mechanism action, safety, administration routes, isolation extraction methods, characterization identification techniques, as well drug-loading capabilities. Based on these considerations, propose recommendations future directions. Overall, our review highlights promising area research, broad treatment We anticipate continued interest hope summary findings will stimulate further exploration into Keywords: exosomes, nanocarriers, nanotherapeutics, plants, vesicles

Language: Английский

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Preconditioning and Engineering Strategies for Improving the Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cell-Free Therapy

Stem Cells International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 18

Published: May 14, 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely applied to regenerative medicine owing their multiple differentiation, self-renewal, and immunomodulatory abilities. Exosomes are cell-secreted natural nanovesicles thought be mediators of intercellular communication material transport. The therapeutic potential MSCs can largely attributed MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes). Emerging evidence suggests that the efficacy MSC-exosomes is highly dependent on status MSCs, optimization extracellular environment affects exosomal content. Pretreatment methods including three-dimensional cultures, hypoxia, other biochemical cues shown potentially enhance biological activity while maintaining or enhancing production. On hand, engineering means desired function has rapidly gaining attention. In particular, biologically active molecule encapsulation membrane modification alter functions targeting MSC-exosomes. this review, we summarize two possible strategies improve MSC-exosomes: preconditioning approaches exosomes. We also explore underlying mechanisms different discuss advantages limitations upcoming clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Why traditional herbal medicine promotes wound healing: Research from immune response, wound microbiome to controlled delivery

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 114764 - 114764

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Edible exosome-like nanoparticles from portulaca oleracea L mitigate DSS-induced colitis via facilitating double-positive CD4+CD8+T cells expansion

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) have been paid great attention in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). As a proof concept, we isolated and identified Portulaca oleracea L-derived (PELNs) from edible L, which exhibited desirable nano-size (~ 160 nm) negative zeta potential value (-31.4 mV). Oral administration PELNs effectively suppressed expressions pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β) myeloperoxidase (MPO), increased levels anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), alleviated acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced C57 mice IL-10-/- mice. Notably, excellent stability safety within gastrointestinal tract displayed specific targeting to inflamed sites colons Mechanistically, oral played crucial role maintaining diversity balance gut microbiota. Furthermore, enhanced Lactobacillus reuteri growth elevated indole derivative levels, might activate aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) conventional CD4+ T cells. This activation downregulated Zbtb7b expression, leading reprogramming cells into double-positive CD4+CD8+T (DP CD4+CD8+ cells). In conclusion, our findings highlighted orally administered as novel, natural, colon-targeted agent, offering promising therapeutic approach for managing UC. Schematic illustration effects L -derived natural on downregulate expression Zbtb7b, reprogram cells), decrease cytokines.

Language: Английский

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Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Exciting Potential as the Future of Next-Generation Drug Delivery

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 839 - 839

Published: May 15, 2023

Plant cells release tiny membranous vesicles called extracellular (EVs), which are rich in lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and pharmacologically active compounds. These plant-derived EVs (PDEVs) safe easily extractable have been shown to therapeutic effects against inflammation, cancer, bacteria, aging. They promise preventing or treating colitis, alcoholic liver disease, even COVID-19. PDEVs can also be used as natural carriers for small-molecule drugs acids through various administration routes such oral, transdermal, injection. The unique advantages of make them highly competitive clinical applications preventive healthcare products the future. This review covers latest methods isolating characterizing PDEVs, their disease prevention treatment, potential a new drug carrier, with special attention commercial viability toxicological profile, future nanomedicine therapeutics. champions formation task force specializing address global need rigor standardization PDEV research.

Language: Английский

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Engineered Living Materials for Advanced Diseases Therapy

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 12, 2023

Abstract Natural living materials serving as biotherapeutics exhibit great potential for treating various diseases owing to their immunoactivity, tissue targeting, and other biological activities. In this review, the recent developments in engineered materials, including mammalian cells, bacteria, viruses, fungi, microalgae, plants, active derivatives that are used summarized. Further, future perspectives challenges of such material‐based discussed provide considerations advances biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

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