Cervicovaginal microbiota: a promising direction for prevention and treatment in cervical cancer

Infectious Agents and Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: April 19, 2024

Cervical cancer is a common malignancy in women, with high incidence rate and mortality. Persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) the most important risk factor for cervical precancerous lesions. Cervicovaginal microbiota (CVM) plays an essential role defense HPV infections prevention subsequent Dominance Lactobacillus key CVM homeostasis, which can be regulated by host, exogenous endogenous factors. Dysbiosis CVM, including altered microbial, metabolic, immune signatures, contribute to persist infection, leading cancer. However, there no evidence causality between cancer, underlying mechanism remains unexplored. Considering close correlation dysbiosis persistent this review will overview its development related mechanisms, prospects therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiological characteristics of infertility, 1990–2021, and 15-year forecasts: an analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021

Reproductive Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Infertility, defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse, affects approximately 186 million people globally, with consistent prevalence across different income levels. Globally, rising infertility rates are impacting population growth and individual quality life. Infertility is not just a personal issue but also public health concern, social economic implications, including stigmatization, marital discord, mental strain. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated issues among individuals infertility, underscoring need for research into impacts access fertility services. Economically, poses significant financial burden, especially in regions where Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) costs can be up 200% GDP per capita. Understanding complexities spread essential guiding policy decisions program rollouts, studies analyzing based on Global Burden Disease (GBD) database. study leverages data from GBD 2021, encompassing 371 conditions or injuries 88 risk factors 204 nations. It examines prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized rate (ASPR), DALYs (ASDR) categorized by sex, age, regions, Social Demographic Index (SDI), reflecting socio-economic levels, used analyze its correlation burden. employs decomposition analysis frontier methods assess changes DALYs, Spearman's rank coefficient confirm relationships between (ASRs) SDI. estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) rates, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), was calculated. In it calculated that global ASPR male stood at 1354.76 cases 100,000 individuals, Uncertainty Interval ranging 802.12 2174.77 individuals. For female recorded 2764.62 (95% UI: 1476.33–4862.57 individuals). Between 1990 EAPC observed 0.5% CI 0.36–0.64) males 0.7% 0.53–0.87) females. same year, ASDR attributed 7.84 2.85–18.56 individuals), while amounted 15.12 5.35–36.88 linked 2021 assessed 0.51% 0.38–0.65) 0.71% 0.54–0.88), respectively. Among countries territories India ranked first both associated followed China Indonesia. Additionally, investigation revealed slight negative Decomposition indicated 65% rise burden could growth. Frontier suggested variations efficiency frontiers specific SDI levels diminish increases. Looking forward, projects 2022 2036. worldwide substantially increased largely result This trend highlights pressing necessity better strategies concerning prevention, diagnosis, treatment, particularly low middle-income Strengthening healthcare infrastructures, enhancing high-quality medical services, raising awareness about vital measures tackle this issue. results offer information help policymakers officials formulate targeted prevention management infertility.

Language: Английский

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molBV reveals immune landscape of bacterial vaginosis and predicts human papillomavirus infection natural history

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2022

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a highly prevalent condition that associated with adverse health outcomes. It has been proposed BV's role as pathogenic mediated via bacteria-induced inflammation. However, the complex interplay between vaginal microbes and host immune factors yet to be clearly elucidated. Here, we develop molBV, 16 S rRNA gene amplicon-based classification pipeline generates molecular score diagnoses BV same accuracy current gold standard method (i.e., Nugent score). Using 3 confirmatory cohorts show molBV independent of region generalizable across populations. We use in cohort without clinical states, but measures HPV infection history markers, reveal BV-associated increases IL-1β/IP-10 cytokine ratio directly predicts clearance incident high-risk (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.19-2.9). Furthermore, identify an alternate inflammatory signature characterized by elevated TNF-α/MIP-1β prospectively progression infections CIN2 + (OR 2.81, 1.62-5.42). Thus, heterogeneous activates different arms response, which turn are risk for HR-HPV progression. Clinical Trial registration number: The CVT trial registered under: NCT00128661.

Language: Английский

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Challenges in Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Endometritis

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 2711 - 2711

Published: Nov. 5, 2022

Chronic endometritis (CE) is a local mucosal infectious and inflammatory disorder characterized by unusual filtration of CD138(+) endometrial stromal plasmacytes. CE attracting attention due to its potential association with infertility unknown etiology, repeated implantation failure, recurrent pregnancy loss, several maternal/neonatal complications. Due the variance in study design among researchers, universal diagnostic criteria remain be established for clinical diagnosis management CE. This review article aims summarize current knowledge provide insights into unsolved questions on establish guidelines disease from viewpoint human reproduction.

Language: Английский

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Vaginal epithelial dysfunction is mediated by the microbiome, metabolome, and mTOR signaling

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(5), P. 112474 - 112474

Published: May 1, 2023

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by depletion of Lactobacillus and overgrowth anaerobic facultative bacteria, leading to increased mucosal inflammation, epithelial disruption, poor reproductive health outcomes. However, the molecular mediators contributing vaginal dysfunction are poorly understood. Here we utilize proteomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic analyses characterize biological features underlying BV in 405 African women explore functional mechanisms vitro. We identify five major microbiome groups: L. crispatus (21%), iners (18%), (9%), Gardnerella (30%), polymicrobial (22%). Using multi-omics show that BV-associated disruption inflammation link mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) pathway associate with Gardnerella, M. mulieris, specific metabolites including imidazole propionate. Experiments vitro confirm type strain G. vaginalis mulieris supernatants propionate directly affect barrier function activation mTOR pathways. These results find microbiome-mTOR axis a central feature BV.

Language: Английский

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Resident microbes shape the vaginal epithelial glycan landscape

Science Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(724)

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Epithelial cells are covered in carbohydrates (glycans). This glycan coat or "glycocalyx" interfaces directly with microbes, providing a protective barrier against potential pathogens. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is condition associated adverse health outcomes which bacteria reside direct proximity to the vaginal epithelium. Some of these bacteria, including

Language: Английский

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Impact of (recurrent) bacterial vaginosis on quality of life and the need for accessible alternative treatments

BMC Women s Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: March 18, 2023

Abstract Background Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common vaginal dysbiosis in women aged 15–44 years old. Methods We administered a cross-sectional, single timepoint survey to ages 18 or older and who have had bacterial (BV). Women completed an anonymous online evaluating impact BV on their quality life, how effective different types treatments were amount self-diagnosed vs. provider diagnosed episodes they had. Results 62 participants survey. With self-reported median number past year was 4 (IQR 1–7). Among these 69.8% reported negative sexual health, 67.7% physical 74.6% mental health. More than half respondents used probiotics with oral Lactobacillus sp. (53.2%), mainly by route, over third boric acid (37.1%). Most unaware crispatus . more likely be tried negatively impacted for overall life ( p = 0.033), health 0.002), 0.006) while use 0.008). Conclusions associated are seeking alternative such as (Lactobacillus) acid. There needs improvements treatment that include therapy options demonstrated efficacy standardized composition, formulation dosage.

Language: Английский

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Lactobacillus crispatus‐dominated vaginal microbiome and Acinetobacter‐dominated seminal microbiome support beneficial ART outcome

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 102(7), P. 921 - 934

Published: May 23, 2023

Despite the considerable progress made in assisted reproductive technologies (ART), implantation rate of transferred embryos remains low and many cases, reasons for failure remain unclear. We aimed to determine potential impact female male partners' tract microbiome composition on ART outcome.The couples (n = 97) healthy 12) were recruited into study. The smaller group underwent a careful selection according their general health criteria. Both vaginal semen samples subjected 16S rDNA sequencing reveal bacterial diversity identify distinct microbial community types. Ethics statement study was approved by Review Committee Human Research Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (protocol no. 193/T-16) 31 May 2010. Participation research voluntary. Written informed consent obtained from all participants.The men with Acinetobacter-associated who had children past, highest success (P < 0.05). women vaginosis L. iners-predominant gasseri-predominant lower than crispatus-predominant or mixed lactic-acid-bacteria-predominant type 15 where both partners beneficial types superior 53%, when compared rest (25%; P 0.023).Microbiome disturbances genital tend be associated couple's infertility as well levels may thus need attention before procedure. incorporation genitourinary screening part diagnostic evaluation process become routine patients if our results are confirmed other studies.

Language: Английский

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The role of sialidases in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis and their use as a promising pharmacological target in bacterial vaginosis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 1, 2024

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection of the genital tract characterized by disturbance normally Lactobacilli- dominated vaginal flora due to overgrowth Gardnerella and other anaerobic bacteria. vaginalis , pathogen major BV, produces sialidases that cleave terminal sialic acid residues off human glycans. By desialylation, not only alter function acid-containing glycoconjugates but also play a vital role in attachment, colonization spread many pathogens. With known pathogenic effects, excellent performance sialidase-based diagnostic tests, promising therapeutic potentials sialidase inhibitors, could be used as biomarker BV. This review explores sources their dysbiosis, aims better understand participation pathogenesis BV value diagnosis treatment

Language: Английский

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Temporal changes in ewe vaginal microbiota throughout gestation

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Introduction Numerous factors are known to influence reproductive efficiency in ewes, but few studies have investigated the potential role of vaginal microbiota sheep success. The objective this study was thoroughly characterize ewe throughout course pregnancy. Methods Vaginal samples were collected from 31 pregnant Hampshire and X Suffolk crossbred ewes on a weekly basis pre-breeding pregnancy testing then biweekly until just after lambing. To microbial communities, DNA extracted 16S rRNA gene Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing performed. Results Discussion Alpha diversity metrics indicated an increase species richness, evenness, overall gestation. Distinct shifts bacterial communities observed during gestation segregated into three periods: early gestation, transitional period mid/late During Actinobacillus , Histophilus, unclassified Leptotrichiaceae found greater relative abundance. period, population shift occurred characterized by increasing abundance Streptococcus Staphylococcus . Streptococcus, Ureaplasma had greatest These ewe’s likely related hormonal changes triggered growing conceptus, specifically blood concentration progesterone. potentially aligns with placental take-over progesterone production corpus luteum at approximately day 50 conception (gestational week 7). Understanding variability will allow for future comparison that did not become or abnormal pregnancies, which could lead discovery biomarkers outcome; understanding also development probiotics improve

Language: Английский

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