Executive Function Deficit in Patients with Long COVID Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. e41987 - e41987

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Post-COVID-19 condition (Long COVID) refers to a in which patients endure persistent symptoms for more than 12 weeks, typically occurring at least 3 months after the onset of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. It occurs when constellation persists following initial illness, and this may obstruct daily routine impose difficulty life. Therefore, study aimed systematically review published articles assessing neurocognitive profile long COVID patients, with specific emphasis on executive function (EF), determine correlation between EF deficits brain alterations through utilisation neuroimaging modalities. A thorough search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE Web Science online databases PICOS PRISMA 2020 guidelines. All included studies were deemed be high quality according Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). total 31 out 3268 present study. The main outcome is proportion individuals cognitive deficits, particularly domain, as detected by neuropsychological assessments. also revealed that are correlated disruptions frontal cerebellar regions, affecting processes such nonverbal reasoning, aspects language, recall. This consistent disturbance emphasised COVID. highlights importance evaluating patients. insight has potential improve future treatments interventions.

Language: Английский

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Executive functioning in subjects post COVID-19 infection in Mexico

Applied Neuropsychology Adult, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 8

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Over the past three years, conflicting evidence has emerged regarding impact of COVID-19 on executive functions and frontal lobe. In this study, we evaluated in individuals from state Jalisco who had contracted COVID-19. Sixty with a history mild were included compared to historical controls Mexican population, been assessed prior pandemic during validation Trail Making Test Form B, Stroop Color Word Test, Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting (M-WCST). The post-infection group exhibited lower scores only M-WCST. Therefore, concluded that have recovered do not display widespread impairments functions, exception deficits observed This suggests possible neurophysiological alterations prefrontal cortex SARS-CoV-2 infection, given cognitive flexibility is primarily mediated region. These findings contribute growing body indicating even non-hospitalized patients can experience function deficits, providing foundation for further research into mechanisms underlying phenomenon.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive reserve moderates the effect of COVID-19 on cognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106067 - 106067

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Acute serum protein biomarker profile and prevalence of persistent (>6 months) neuropsychiatric symptoms in a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive patients in Cape Town, South Africa.

Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100990 - 100990

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cognitive performance of post-covid patients in mild, moderate, and severe clinical situations

BMC Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: April 26, 2024

Abstract Background Studying individuals with varying symptoms, from mild to severe, can provide valuable insights into the spectrum of cognitive outcomes after COVID-19. We investigated performance adults who recovered novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) without prior complaints, considering (not hospitalized), moderate (ward), and severe (intensive care unit) symptoms. Methods This cross-sectional study included 302 patients COVID-19 (mild, n = 102; moderate, 98). assessed intellectual quotient (IQ), attention, memory, processing speed, visual-constructive ability, as well symptoms depression, anxiety, stress, at least eighteen months infection. The mean length hospitalization was M days =8.2 ( SD 3.9) =14.4 8.2) in groups, respectively. Results Cognitive difficulties were present all three groups: 12, 11.7%), 40, 39.2%), 48, 48.9%). Using Multinomial Logistic Regression odds ratio, our results indicated that a one-point increase sustained visual working memory might decrease being categorized group by 20%, 24%, 77%, respectively, compared group. Conclusions Our findings empirical evidence regarding long-term effects COVID-19, particularly experiencing manifestations disease. also highlighted need for comprehensive, multidimensional approach rehabilitation programs address enduring impacts

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychology practice guidance for the neuropsychiatric aspects of Long COVID

The Clinical Neuropsychologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 29

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had a profound global impact on individual health and well-being in adults children. While most fully recover from COVID-19, relatively large subgroup continues to experience persistent physical, cognitive, emotional/behavioral symptoms beyond the initial infection period. World Health Organization termed this phenomenon "Post-COVID-19 Condition" (PCC), better known as "Long COVID." Due cognitive psychosocial symptoms, neuropsychologists often assess recommend treatment for individuals with Long COVID. However, guidance neuropsychologists' involvement clinical care, policy-making, research not yet been developed. authors of manuscript convened address critical gap develop working patients presenting

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and cognitive performance: a Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Background A substantial proportion of individuals with COVID-19 experienced cognitive impairment after resolution SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to evaluate whether genetic liability infection per se , or more severe COVID-19, is causally linked deficit. Methods firstly performed univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis examine infection, hospitalized and associated performance. To dissect the causal pathway, multivariable MR (MVMR) was conducted by adjusting for five inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor α, as proxies systemic inflammation]. Results In analysis, host lower performance [inverse variance weighted (IVW) estimate: −0.023; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): −0.038 −0.009]. Such association attenuated in MVMR when we adjusted correlated one (IVW −0.022; CI: −0.049 0.004). There insufficient evidence Conclusion The effect on reduced may be mediated inflammation. Future studies examining anti-inflammatory agents could alleviate SARS-CoV-2-infected are warranted.

Language: Английский

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Incidence of Newly-Diagnosed Dementia After COVID-19 Infection versus Acute Upper Respiratory Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 93(3), P. 1033 - 1040

Published: May 16, 2023

There is emerging evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) giving rise to seemingly unrelated clinical conditions long after the infection has resolved.The aim of this study examine whether COVID-19 associated with an increased risk dementia including Alzheimer's disease.This retrospective cohort based on longitudinal data from IQVIATM Disease Analyzer database and included patients aged≥65 initial diagnosis or acute upper respiratory (AURI) 1,293 general practitioner practices between January 2020 November 2021. AURI were matched 1 : using propensity scores sex, age, index quarter, health insurance type, number doctor visits, comorbidities risk. Incidence rates newly-diagnosed calculated person-years method. Poisson regression models used compute incidence rate ratios (IRR).The present 8,129 pairs (mean age 75.1 years, 58.9% females). After 12 months follow-up, 1.84% 1.78% had been diagnosed dementia. The model resulted in IRR 1.05 (95% CI: 0.85-1.29).This did not find any association one-year controlling for all common factors Because a progressive disease, which can be difficult diagnose, longer follow-up period might offer better insight into possible cases future.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive decline in post-COVID-19 syndrome does not correspond with persisting neuronal or astrocytic damage

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 4, 2024

Cognitive impairment is the most frequent symptom reported in post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). Aetiology of cognitive PCS still to be determined. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are increased acute COVID-19. Their role as biomarkers other neurological disorders under debate. We analysed serum levels NfL GFAP markers for neuronal astrocytic damage 53 patients presenting a Neurology outpatient clinic. Only individuals with self-reported complaints were included. In these individuals, further assessed by comprehensive neuropsychological assessment (NPA). Patients categorized into subgroups subjective decline, single domain impairment, or multi-domain impairment. Serum was normal range, however an increase detected 4% patients. correlated each other, even when adjusting patient age (r = 0.347, p 0.012). NPA showed deficits 70%; 40% showing several tested domains. No significant differences found between NfL- GFAP-levels comparing Persistent did not correlate PCS.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive and mental health trajectories of COVID-19: Role of hospitalisation and long-COVID symptoms

European Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Background There is considerable evidence of cognitive impairment post COVID-19, especially in individuals with long-COVID symptoms, but limited research objectively evaluating whether such attenuates or resolves over time, young and middle-aged adults. Methods Follow-up assessments (T2) function (processing speed, attention, working memory, executive function, memory) mental health were conducted 138 adults (18–69 years) who had been assessed 6 months earlier (T1). Of these, 88 a confirmed history COVID-19 at T1 assessment (≥20 days post-diagnosis) also followed-up on COVID-19-related symptoms (acute long-COVID); 50 no known any point up to their T2 assessment. Results From T2, trend-level improvement occurred intra-individual variability processing speed the COVID, relative non-COVID group. However, longer response/task completion times persisted participants hospitalisation those without controls. was significant reduction symptom load, which correlated improved non-hospitalised participants. The COVID group continued self-report poorer health, irrespective history, Conclusions Although some has 6-month period survivors, persists and/or symptoms. Continuous follow-up are required determine improves possibly worsens, time hospitalised

Language: Английский

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