Predicting frugivore generated seed rain in different environmental contexts: a modelling approach applied to a forest specialist

Ecological Modelling, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 505, P. 111093 - 111093

Published: April 14, 2025

Language: Английский

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A comparison of turn identification methods on high-frequency movement trajectories reveals potential comparability issues between studies of movement ecology

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 19, 2025

Abstract High-frequency animal tracks must often be subsampled to allow a simple analysis of the movement on most meaningful scale for respective study. One way achieving this is identify ‘biologically significant turns’, compared heading changings caused by ‘noise’. Many ‘turn identification’ methods have been developed, but accuracy and consistency such rarely validated against ground truth trajectories with known ’true’ turns noise. We analyze simulated parameters as well two empirical 10 different frequently used resampling methods. assess specificity sensitivity identifying location compare mean step length turn angle paths resampled trajectories. found great differences between, sometimes within, methods, even same characteristics. Results some were also highly sensitive user-set threshold method requires (e.g. max angle). Overall, best-performing in study DP MRPA, human mobility research, TPA, which mostly primate research. thus advise caution when comparing results studies using recommend justifying use addition quantifying value. This an appeal authors novel identification consider thorough comparisons scenarios wide range previous including those developed outside ecology discipline.

Language: Английский

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Using natural travel paths to infer and compare primate cognition in the wild

iScience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 102343 - 102343

Published: April 1, 2021

Within comparative psychology, the evolution of animal cognition is typically studied either by comparing indirect measures cognitive abilities (e.g., relative brain size) across many species or conducting batteries decision-making experiments among (typically) a few captive species. Here, we propose third, complementary approach: inferring and through observational field records natural information gradients associated variation in outcomes, using ranging behavior wild animals. To demonstrate feasibility our proposal, present results global survey assessing availability long-term data sets from primates willingness primatologists to share such data. We explore three ways which data, with without behavioral ecological often collected primatologists, might be used infer compare spatial cognition. Finally, suggest how complexity may best incorporated into analyses.

Language: Английский

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Wild gibbons plan their travel pattern according to food types of breakfast

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 290(1999)

Published: May 16, 2023

Planning for the future is a complex skill that often considered uniquely human. This cognitive ability has never been investigated in wild gibbons (Hylobatidae). Here we evaluated movement patterns from sleeping trees to out-of-sight breakfast two groups of endangered skywalker ( Hoolock tianxing ). These Asian apes inhabit cold seasonal montane forest southwestern China. After controlling possible confounding variables including group size, pattern (sleep alone or huddle together), rainfall and temperature, found food type (fruits leaves) tree was most important factor affecting gibbon patterns. Fruit were more distant compared with leaf trees. Gibbons left arrived at earlier when they fed on fruits leaves. They travelled fast located further away Our study suggests had foraging goals mind plan their departure times accordingly. may reflect capacity route-planning, which would enable them effectively exploit highly dispersed fruit resources high-altitude forests.

Language: Английский

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Drivers and outcomes of between-group conflict in vervet monkeys

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1851)

Published: April 4, 2022

Neighbouring groups compete over access to resources and territories in between-group encounters, which can escalate into conflicts (BGCs). Both the ecological characteristics of a territory rival's fighting ability shape occurrence outcome such contests. What remains poorly understood, however, is how seasonal variability value together with related likelihood encounters extent these conflicts. To test this, we observed followed four vervet monkey wild, recorded group structure (i.e. size, composition), locations outcomes 515 BGCs. We then assessed key measures at locations, as vegetation availability (estimated from Copernicus Sentinel 2 satellite images) intensity usage locations. tested what factors influenced found that BGCs increased higher relative annual within group's home territory. Also, engaging BGC far away their were less likely win BGC. Regarding structure, smaller systematically won against larger groups, be explained by potentially rates individual free-riding occurring groups. This study sheds light on ecology encounter combination social critically impact dynamics non-human primate species. article part theme issue 'Intergroup conflict across taxa'.

Language: Английский

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Route Planning Process by the Endangered Black Lion Tamarin in Different Environmental Contexts

American Journal of Primatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Daily, primates take a variety of decisions to establish why, when, and where move. However, little is known about the factors influencing shaping primate daily routes. We investigated decision-making processes linked route planning in four groups black lion tamarins (BLT-Leontopithecus chrysopygus). studied these endangered platyrrhines within distinct environmental contexts across their natural distribution (i.e., continuous forest, 500-ha forest fragment, 100-ha riparian forest). used Change Point Test identify points significant direction change (CPs), which can be considered travel goals along BLT trajectories are key components planning. Considering high importance fruits gum BLT's diet, we predicted that feeding trees would main factor paths (feeding CPs-FCPs). Also, given previous evidence use landmarks characteristic features from terrain) as nodes network systems intersection connecting habitual segments), expected part CPs located close associated with "locomotion" behavior (LCPs). Analyzing 61 fragments, our results showed BLTs planned routes reach trees, primarily determined path orientation. As hypothesized, locomotion was most frequent observed CPs, but only forests, LCPs intersections FCPs. Interestingly, two areas presented extreme values higher lower values, respectively) terms area, richness resources distances traveled between fruit-feeding trees. Our suggest plan conditional on context goals, likely maximize efficiency out sight

Language: Английский

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Chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) navigate to find hidden fruit in a virtual environment

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(25)

Published: June 24, 2022

Almost all animals navigate their environment to find food, shelter, and mates. Spatial cognition of nonhuman primates in large-scale environments is notoriously difficult study. Field research ecologically valid, but controlling confounding variables can be difficult. Captive enables experimental control, space restrictions limit generalizability. Virtual reality technology combines the best both worlds by creating large-scale, controllable environments. We presented six chimpanzees with a seminaturalistic virtual environment, using custom touch screen application. The exhibited signature behaviors reminiscent real-life navigation: They learned approach landmark associated presence fruit, improving efficiency over time; they located this from novel starting locations approached different when necessary. conclude that allow for standardized testing higher ecological validity than traditional tests captivity harbor great potential contribute longstanding questions primate navigation, e.g., use landmarks, Euclidean maps, or spatial frames reference.

Language: Английский

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Do Javan gibbons (Hylobates moloch) use fruiting synchrony as a foraging strategy?

American Journal of Primatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 83(10)

Published: Aug. 16, 2021

Tropical rainforests are characterized by a high diversity of plant species. Each species presents with differential phenological patterns in fruit production. In some species, all individual trees produce simultaneously within clustered periods; whereas others, each tree fruits at irregular time intervals. By observing this pattern, primate use the presence one as cue to find other same synchronously fruiting Here, we investigated whether highly frugivorous Javan gibbons (Hylobates moloch) Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park Indonesia have knowledge synchronous characteristics and they can further distinguish different synchrony levels, that is, versus less patterns. Across 12 months collected biweekly data on 250 from 10 observed gibbons' visits those We found discovery beginning seasons triggered visit However, rates did not differ between asynchronous Our results suggest general, but do differentiate speculate gibbons, who live relatively small ranges very low density preferred likely able track remember states without needing levels. Moreover, may make little benefit distinguishing probably due heavy figs. study provides an insight into how gibbon's foraging strategies been shaped response their ecological environment.

Language: Английский

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Where to sleep next? Evidence for spatial memory associated with sleeping sites in Skywalker gibbons (Hoolock tianxing)

Animal Cognition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 891 - 903

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Language: Английский

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It's about time: Feeding competition costs of sociality are affected more by temporal characteristics than spatial distribution

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

For most herbivorous animals, group-living appears to incur a high cost by intensifying feeding competition. These costs raise the question of how gregariousness (i.e., tendency aggregate) could have evolved such an extent in taxa as anthropoid primates and ungulates. When attempting test potential benefits costs, previous foraging models demonstrated that might be beneficial lowering variance intake, but it reduces overall success. However, these did not fully account for fact has multiple experiences can vary relation ecological variables Here, we present agent-based model testing impact gregariousness. In our simulations, primate-like agents forage on variable resource landscape while maintaining spatial cohesion with conspecifics varying degrees. The agents' energy intake rate, daily distance traveled, were recorded. Using Morris Elementary Effects sensitivity analysis, tested 10 parameters, which 2 controlled gregarious behavior 8 food resources, including aspects temporal heterogeneity. We found that, generally increased competition, much lower when resources less over time calorie extraction was slow renewal frequent). also proximity other resulted more time. Thus, are strongly influenced characteristics giving insight into pressures shaped evolution sociality group living, own lineage.

Language: Английский

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