Effect of a test-and-treat approach to vitamin D supplementation on risk of all cause acute respiratory tract infection and covid-19: phase 3 randomised controlled trial (CORONAVIT)

BMJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e071230 - e071230

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

To determine the effect of population level implementation a test-and-treat approach to correction suboptimal vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D) <75 nmol/L) on risk all cause acute respiratory tract infection and covid 19.Phase 3 open label randomised controlled trial.United Kingdom.6200 people aged ≥16 years who were not taking supplements at baseline.Offer postal finger prick test blood 25(OH)D concentration with provision six month supply lower dose (800 IU/day, n=1550) or higher (3200 those nmol/L, compared no offer testing supplementation (n=3100). Follow-up was for months.The primary outcome proportion participants least one swab doctor confirmed any cause. A secondary covid-19. Logistic regression used calculate odds ratios associated 95% confidence intervals. The analysis conducted by intention treat.Of 3100 offered test, 2958 (95.4%) accepted 2674 (86.3%) had concentrations nmol/L received (n=1328 dose, n=1346 dose). Compared 136/2949 (4.6%) in group, occurred 87/1515 (5.7%) group (odds ratio 1.26, interval 0.96 1.66) 76/1515 (5.0%) (1.09, 0.82 1.46). 78/2949 (2.6%) 55/1515 (3.6%) developed covid-19 (1.39, 0.98 1.97) 45/1515 (3.0%) (1.13, 0.78 1.63).Among 16 older high baseline prevalence status, reduction covid-19.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04579640.

Language: Английский

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Preventive Vitamin D Supplementation and Risk for COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 679 - 679

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Over the past few decades, vitamin D has been found to play a crucial role in bone homeostasis, muscle function, oncogenesis, immune response and metabolism. In context of COVID-19 pandemic, numerous researchers have tried determine might virus. The aim this systematic review meta-analysis is demonstrate that preventive supplementation can protective incidence COVID-19, mortality admission intensive care units (ICUs). A comprehensive search on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Google Scholar databases was performed 15 May 2023, two authors independently screened literature. As effect measures, we calculated Odds Ratios with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (ICs). assessment potential bias evaluation study quality will be conducted by researchers. Sixteen publications were selected for inclusion meta-analysis. Our findings indicate against RCT studies (OR 0.403, IC 0.218, 0.747), analytical = 0.592, 0.476–0.736) ICU 0.317, 0.147–0.680). Subsequent analyses type subject treated (patient/healthcare workers) (vitamin vs. placebo/no treatment or high dose low dose). suggests definitive significant association between admission.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of stratified aggregate data

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

A 2021 meta-analysis of 37 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) vitamin D supplementation for prevention acute respiratory infections (ARIs) revealed a statistically significant protective effect the intervention (odds ratio [OR] 0·92 [95% CI 0·86 to 0·99]). Since then, six eligible RCTs have been completed, including one large trial (n=15 804). We aimed re-examine link between and ARIs. Updated systematic review data from ARI using random effects model. Subgroup analyses were done determine whether on risk varied according baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin (25[OH]D) concentration, dosing regimen, or age. searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials, Web Science, ClinicalTrials.gov May 1, 2020 (end-date search our previous meta-analysis) April 30, 2024. No language restrictions imposed. Double-blind supplementing any duration, with placebo lower-dose control, if approved by Research Ethics Committee incidence was collected prospectively pre-specified as an efficacy outcome. Aggregate data, stratified 25(OH)D concentration age, obtained study authors. The registered PROSPERO (no. CRD42024527191). identified new (19 337 participants). Data 16 085 (83·2%) participants in three combined 48 488 43 meta-analysis. For primary comparison versus placebo, did not significantly affect overall (OR 0·94 0·88-1·00], p=0·057; 40 studies; 61 589 participants; I2=26·4%). Pre-specified subgroup analysis reveal evidence modification status, frequency, dose size. Vitamin influence proportion experiencing at least serious adverse event 0·96 0·90-1·04]; 38 I2=0·0%). funnel plot showed left-sided asymmetry (p=0·0020, Egger's test). This updated yielded similar point estimate that previously, but 95% this now includes 1·00, indicating no protection. None.

Language: Английский

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Prophylaxis against covid-19: living systematic review and network meta-analysis

BMJ, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. n949 - n949

Published: April 26, 2021

Abstract Updates This is the second version (first update) of living systematic review, replacing previous (available as a data supplement). When citing this paper please consider adding number and date access for clarity. Objective To determine compare effects drug prophylaxis on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection disease 2019 (covid-19). Design Living review network meta-analysis (NMA). Data sources WHO covid-19 database, comprehensive multilingual source global literature to 4 March 2022. Study selection Randomised trials in which people at risk were allocated or no (standard care placebo). Pairs reviewers independently screened potentially eligible articles. Methods After duplicate abstraction, we conducted random-effects bayesian meta-analysis. We assessed bias included studies using modification Cochrane 2.0 tool certainty evidence grading recommendations assessment, development evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results The iteration NMA includes 32 randomised enrolled 25 147 participants addressed 21 different prophylactic drugs; (66%), 18 162 (75%) 16 (76%) drugs. Of drugs analysed, none provided convincing reduction laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. For admission hospital mortality outcomes, proved than standard placebo. Hydroxychloroquine vitamin C combined with zinc probably increase adverse leading discontinuation—risk difference hydroxychloroquine (RD) 6 more per 1000 (95% credible interval (CrI) 10 more); zinc, RD 69 (47 90 more), moderate evidence. Conclusion Much remains very low therefore anticipate future evaluating may change results infection, outcomes. Both effects. Systematic registration was not registered. protocol established priori supplement. Funding study supported by Canadian Institutes Health Research (grant CIHR-IRSC:0579001321).

Language: Английский

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Prevention of covid-19 and other acute respiratory infections with cod liver oil supplementation, a low dose vitamin D supplement: quadruple blinded, randomised placebo controlled trial

BMJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e071245 - e071245

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

Abstract Objective To determine if daily supplementation with cod liver oil, a low dose vitamin D supplement, in winter, prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection, serious covid-19, or other acute respiratory infections adults Norway. Design Quadruple blinded, randomised placebo controlled trial. Setting Norway, 10 November 2020 to 2 June 2021. Participants 34 601 (aged 18-75 years), not taking supplements. Intervention 5 mL/day of oil (10 µg D, n=17 278) (n=17 323) for up six months. Main outcome measures Four co-primary endpoints were predefined: the first was positive test result determined by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and second defined as self-reported dyspnoea, admission hospital, death. Other indicated third fourth endpoints: negative symptoms. Side effects related self-reported. The fallback method used handle multiple comparisons. Results Supplementation associated reduced risk any endpoints. took supplement (cod placebo) median 164 days, 227 (1.31%) participants group 228 (1.32%) had (relative 1.00, comparison adjusted confidence interval 0.82 1.22). Serious covid-19 identified 121 (0.70%) 101 (0.58%) (1.20, 0.87 1.65). 8546 (49.46%) 8565 (49.44%) groups, respectively, ≥1 results (1.00, 0.97 1.04). 3964 (22.94%) 3834 (22.13%) reported (1.04, 1.11). Only grade side groups. Conclusion winter did reduce incidence compared placebo. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04609423 .

Language: Английский

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The role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(11), P. 2198 - 2206

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Vitamin D (VitD) has been shown to be important for the immune response of respiratory system, but preventive and therapeutic effects vitamin supplementation on SARS-CoV-2 infection are controversial. This study aimed determine role in prevention treatment through a meta-analysis randomized controlled trials.The databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web Science Google Scholar were searched systematically from inception April 17,2023 identify trials involving comparison versus non-vitamin or treatment.We retrieved 25 eligible trials, including 8128 participants. Four compared infection, results (RR 0.31; 95%CI 0.07 1.32) inconclusive. Regarding with supplementation, it was found that could significantly reduce rates ICU admission 0.63; 0.44 0.89) mechanical ventilation 0.58; 0.39 0.84), had no statistically significant effect mortality. However, subgroup analyses based patients' specific conditions, reduced mortality patients deficiency 0.76; 0.58 0.98).Vitamin may have some beneficial impact severity illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, particularly VitD deficient patients, further studies still needed.

Language: Английский

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Involvement of the secosteroid vitamin D in autoimmune rheumatic diseases and COVID-19

Nature Reviews Rheumatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 265 - 287

Published: March 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Efficacy of Multivitamin, Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, and Vitamin D Supplements in the Prevention and Management of COVID-19 and Long-COVID: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1345 - 1345

Published: April 29, 2024

This review aims to evaluate the efficacy of any vitamin administration(s) in preventing and managing COVID-19 and/or long-COVID. Databases were searched up May 2023 identify randomized clinical trials comparing data on effects supplementation(s) versus placebo or standard care two conditions interest. Inverse-variance random-effects meta-analyses conducted estimate pooled risk ratios (RRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality between supplemented non-supplemented individuals. Overall, 37 articles included: regarded long-COVID prevention 35 records management. The D contrasting. Similarly, no conclusion could be drawn multivitamins, A, B A few positive findings reported some C but results inconsistent most outcomes, excluding (RR = 0.84; CI: 0.72–0.97). Vitamin mixed aspects, including mortality, which benefits observed regular administrations only 0.67; 0.49–0.91). Despite benefits, mostly contradictory. Variety recruitment treatment protocols might explain this heterogeneity. Better-designed studies are needed clarify these vitamins’ potential against SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Severe COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 1402 - 1402

Published: May 7, 2024

Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, vitamin D has attracted interest due to its immunomodulatory properties. Numerous studies show a correlation between levels and cases mortality. Therefore, we conducted meta-analysis in order assess relationship D3 supplementation severity. We included 13 randomized clinical trials that contained analyzed endpoints: length hospitalization, number intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, stay ICU, requiring any supplemental oxygenation, duration overall mortality deaths associated with COVID-19. The relative risk 95% confidence interval (CI) mean difference CI were calculated compare effect. A random effects model was used calculate effect sizes. Our showed positive on ICU admission (RR = 0.73; [0.57; 0.95], p 0.02, I2 19.6%) among patients 0.56; [0.34; 0.91]; 0.02; 0%). Vitamin may potentially reduce death

Language: Английский

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Revisiting Vitamin D Guidelines: A Critical Appraisal of The Literature

Endocrine Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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