Frontiers in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Nov. 27, 2024
Traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
is
common
and
costly.
Although
neuroimaging
modalities
such
as
resting-state
functional
MRI
(rsfMRI)
promise
to
differentiate
injured
from
healthy
brains
prognosticate
long-term
outcomes,
the
field
suffers
heterogeneous
findings.
To
assess
whether
this
heterogeneity
stems
variability
in
TBI
populations
studied
or
imaging
methods
used,
determine
a
consensus
exists
literature,
we
performed
first
systematic
review
of
studies
comparing
rsfMRI
connectivity
(FC)
patients
with
matched
controls
for
seven
canonical
networks
across
severity,
age,
chronicity,
population
type,
various
methods.
Searching
PubMed,
Web
Science,
Google
Scholar,
ScienceDirect,
1,105
manuscripts
were
identified,
50
fulfilling
our
criteria.
Across
these
manuscripts,
179
comparisons
reported
between
total
1,397
1,179
controls.
Collapsing
characteristics,
methods,
networks,
there
roughly
equal
significant
null
findings
increased
decreased
differences
reported.
Whereas
most
factors
did
not
explain
mixed
findings,
stratifying
severity
separately,
showed
trend
at
higher
severities
greater
chronicities
TBI.
Among
methodological
factors,
more
likely
find
when
scans
longer
than
360
s,
custom
image
processing
pipelines
kept
their
eyes
open
versus
closed
during
scans.
We
offer
guidelines
address
variability,
focusing
on
aspects
study
design
acquisition
move
toward
reproducible
results
potential
clinical
translation.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18
Published: Oct. 25, 2024
Neurovascular
unit
(NVU)
inflammation
via
activation
of
glial
cells
and
neuronal
damage
plays
a
critical
role
in
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Though
the
exact
mechanism
disease
pathogenesis
is
not
understood,
certain
biomarkers
provide
valuable
insight
into
pathogenesis,
severity,
progression
therapeutic
efficacy.
These
markers
can
be
used
to
assess
pathophysiological
status
brain
including
neurons,
astrocytes,
microglia,
oligodendrocytes,
specialized
microvascular
endothelial
cells,
pericytes,
NVU,
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
disruption.
Damage
or
derangements
tight
junction
(TJ),
adherens
(AdJ),
gap
(GJ)
components
BBB
lead
increased
permeability
neuroinflammation
various
disorders
disorders.
Thus,
neuroinflammatory
evaluated
blood,
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF),
tissues
determine
neurological
progression,
responsiveness.
Chronic
common
age-related
Alzheimer's
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD),
dementia.
Neurotrauma/traumatic
injury
(TBI)
also
leads
acute
chronic
responses.
The
expression
some
may
altered
many
years
even
decades
before
onset
In
this
review,
we
discuss
neuroinflammation,
neurodegeneration
associated
with
disorders,
especially
those
neurovascular
pathologies.
CSF,
tissues.
Neurofilament
light
(NfL),
ubiquitin
C-terminal
hydrolase-L1
(UCHL1),
fibrillary
acidic
protein
(GFAP),
Ionized
calcium-binding
adaptor
molecule
1
(Iba-1),
transmembrane
119
(TMEM119),
aquaporin,
endothelin-1,
platelet-derived
growth
factor
receptor
beta
(PDGFRβ)
are
important
markers.
Recent
BBB-on-a-chip
modeling
offers
promising
potential
for
providing
an
in-depth
understanding
neurotherapeutics.
Integration
these
clinical
practice
could
potentially
enhance
early
diagnosis,
monitor
improve
outcomes.
Nanotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
36(13), P. 135101 - 135101
Published: Jan. 14, 2025
Accurate
and
rapid
diagnosis
of
traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
is
very
important
for
high
quality
medical
services.
Nonetheless,
the
current
diagnostic
platform
still
has
challenges
in
accurate
analysis
clinical
samples.
Here,
we
prepared
a
highly
stable,
repeatable
sensitive
gold-plated
silver
core-shell
nanowire
(Ag@AuNWs)
surface-enhanced
Raman
spectroscopy
(SERS)
metabolic
fingerprint
TBI.
The
structure
significantly
enhanced
SERS
intensity
enables
direct
detection
10μl
serum
within
seconds.
principal
component
analysis-linear
discriminant
(PCA-LDA)
partial
least
squares-DA
(PLS-DA)
are
used
to
evaluate
classification
effect
this
technology
on
TBI,
respectively.
accuracy
rate
PCA-LDA
PLS-DA
73.3%
86.7%
diagnosing
Consequently,
model
optimal
selection
distinguishing
between
TBI
sham
groups.
This
research
will
facilitate
application-oriented
creation
novel
materials
with
tailored
structural
designs
formulation
innovative
precision
protocols
imminent
future.
Diagnostics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(5), P. 648 - 648
Published: March 6, 2025
In
a
rapidly
changing
technology
landscape,
“Clinical
Decision
Support”
(CDS)
has
become
an
important
tool
to
improve
patient
management.
CDS
systems
offer
medical
professionals
new
insights
diagnostic
accuracy,
therapy
planning,
and
personalized
treatment.
addition,
provide
cost-effective
options
augment
conventional
screening
for
secondary
prevention.
This
review
aims
(i)
describe
the
purpose
mechanisms
of
systems,
(ii)
discuss
different
entities
algorithms,
(iii)
highlight
quality
features,
(iv)
challenges
limitations
in
clinical
practice.
Furthermore,
we
(v)
contemporary
algorithms
oncology,
acute
care,
cardiology,
nephrology.
particular,
consolidate
research
on
across
diseases
that
imply
significant
disease
economic
burden,
such
as
lung
cancer,
colorectal
hepatocellular
coronary
artery
disease,
traumatic
brain
injury,
sepsis,
chronic
kidney
disease.
Frontiers in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: April 4, 2025
Elucidating
the
unique
neuropathological
response
to
blast
exposure
remains
a
barrier
towards
development
of
diagnostic
approaches
for
those
with
blast-induced
traumatic
brain
injury
(bTBI).
Quantification
biomarker
concentrations
in
blood
post-injury
is
typically
used
inform
severity.
However,
progression
and
associated
changes
are
sensitive
parameters
such
as
overpressure
(BOP)
magnitude
frequency
exposure.
Through
this
work,
blast-dose
kinetics
(BxK)
platform
was
developed
validated
Aβ42
promising
predictor
post-blast.
Blast-dose
responses
accounting
BOP
were
integrated
into
mathematical
model
whole-body
Aβ
peptide
kinetics.
Validation
performed
through
comparison
acute
monomer
levels
serum
15
service
members
exposed
repeated
low-level
while
undergoing
three-day
weapons
training.
Amyloid
precursor
protein
(APP)
synthesis
assumed
be
proportional
additive
effects
within
window
recovery
applied
account
cumulative
predicted
6.5
±
5.2%
on
average,
demonstrating
feasibility
sensitivity
blast.
Outcomes
discuss
how
modulation
patient-specific
factors
(age,
weight,
genetic
factors,
years
exposure,
sleep)
pathophysiological
(BBB
permeability,
amyloidogenic
pathology,
neuroinflammation)
can
reveal
potential
sources
variability
experimental
data
incorporated
BxK
future
iterations.
Advancements
complexity
sex-specific
weapon
system,
stress
levels,
risk
symptom
onset,
pharmacological
treatment
strategies
anticipated
improve
calibration.
Utilization
identify
drivers
mechanisms
predict
chronic
outcomes
has
transform
bTBI
diagnostic,
prognostic,
therapeutic
strategies.