Abstract
Aim
Widely
used
second‐generation
antipsychotics
are
associated
with
adverse
metabolic
effects,
contributing
to
increased
cardiovascular
mortality.
To
develop
strategies
prevent
or
treat
preclinical
models
have
a
clear
role
in
uncovering
underlying
molecular
mechanisms.
However,
few
exceptions,
studies
been
performed
healthy
animals,
neglecting
the
contribution
of
dysmetabolic
features
inherent
psychotic
disorders.
Methods
In
this
study,
methylazoxymethanol
acetate
(MAM)
was
prenatally
administered
pregnant
Sprague–Dawley
rats
at
gestational
day
17
induce
well‐validated
neurodevelopmental
model
schizophrenia
mimicking
its
assumed
pathogenesis
persistent
phenotype.
Against
background,
effects
acute
treatment
olanzapine
and
haloperidol
were
examined
female
rats.
Results
Prenatally
MAM‐exposed
animals
exhibited
several
features,
including
lipid
disturbances.
Half
MAM
exposed
had
pronounced
serum
profile
alteration
compared
non‐MAM
controls,
interpreted
as
reflection
delicate
MAM‐induced
balance
disrupted
by
olanzapine.
accordance
drugs'
clinical
profiles,
olanzapine‐associated
more
than
haloperidol‐associated
MAM.
Conclusion
Our
results
demonstrate
vulnerability
rats,
indicating
that
findings
from
likely
provide
an
underestimated
impression
dysfunction
antipsychotics.
context
disturbances,
possess
relevant
search
for
adequate
animal
should
receive
attention
within
field
experimental
psychopharmacology.
Pharmacology Research & Perspectives,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
8(6)
Published: Nov. 9, 2020
Abstract
Cannabidiol
(CBD)
is
the
second
most
abundant
component
of
Cannabis
plant
and
known
to
have
effects
distinct
from
Δ
9
‐tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC).
Many
studies
that
examined
behavioral
CBD
concluded
it
lacks
psychotomimetic
attributed
THC.
However,
was
shown
a
broad
spectrum
on
several
conditions
such
as
anxiety,
inflammation,
neuropathic
pain,
epilepsy.
It
currently
thought
engages
different
targets
hence
CBD’s
are
be
due
multiple
molecular
mechanisms
action.
A
well‐accepted
set
include
GPCRs
ion
channels,
with
serotonin
5‐HT
1A
receptor
transient
potential
cation
channel
TRPV1
being
two
main
targets.
has
also
been
target
G
protein‐coupled
receptors
(GPCRs)
cannabinoid
opioid
receptors.
Other
suggested
role
for
additional
channels
CBD.
Currently,
clinical
efficacy
not
completely
understood.
Evidence
derived
randomized
trials,
in
vitro
vivo
models
real‐world
observations
support
use
drug
treatment
option
neuropathy,
many
other
conditions.
Hence
an
understanding
current
status
field
relates
great
interest
so,
this
review,
we
findings
recent
highlight
these
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: May 20, 2021
Drug
treatments
available
for
the
management
of
substance
use
disorders
(SUD)
present
multiple
limitations
in
efficacy,
lack
approved
or
alarming
relapse
rates.
These
facts
hamper
clinical
outcome
and
quality
life
patients
supporting
importance
to
develop
new
pharmacological
agents.
Lately,
several
reports
suggest
that
cannabidiol
(CBD)
presents
beneficial
effects
relevant
neurological
such
as
epilepsy,
sclerosis,
Parkinson's,
Alzheimer's
diseases.
Furthermore,
there
is
a
large
body
evidence
pointing
out
CBD
improves
cognition,
neurogenesis
anxiolytic,
antidepressant,
antipsychotic,
neuroprotective
suggesting
potential
usefulness
treatment
neuropsychiatric
diseases
SUD.
Here
we
review
preclinical
regarding
on
regulation
reinforcing,
motivational
withdrawal-related
different
drugs
abuse
alcohol,
opioids
(morphine,
heroin),
cannabinoids,
nicotine,
psychostimulants
(cocaine,
amphetamine).
special
section
focused
neurobiological
mechanisms
might
be
underlying
'anti-addictive'
action
through
dopaminergic,
opioidergic,
serotonergic,
endocannabinoid
systems
well
hippocampal
neurogenesis.
The
multimodal
profile
described
specific
addictive
behavior-related
targets
explains,
at
least
part,
its
therapeutic
reinforcing
properties
abuse.
Moreover,
remarkable
safety
CBD,
existence
medications
containing
this
compound
(Sativex®,
Epidiolex®)
increased
number
studies
intervention
rising
publications
with
substantial
results
valuable
innovation
treating
SUD,
undeniable
need
agents
improve
upcoming
trials
involving
endorse
relevance
review.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(2), P. 975 - 975
Published: Jan. 17, 2022
The
endocannabinoid
system
(ECS)
is
ubiquitous
in
most
human
tissues,
and
involved
the
regulation
of
mental
health.
Consequently,
its
dysregulation
associated
with
neuropsychiatric
neurodegenerative
disorders.
Together,
ECS
expanded
endocannabinoidome
(eCBome)
are
composed
genes
coding
for
CB1
CB2
cannabinoid
receptors
(CB1R,
CB2R),
endocannabinoids
(eCBs),
metabolic
enzyme
machinery
their
synthesis
catabolism.
activation
CB1R
adverse
effects
on
central
nervous
(CNS),
which
has
limited
therapeutic
use
drugs
that
bind
this
receptor.
discovery
functional
neuronal
CB2R
raised
new
possibilities
potential
safe
targeting
treatment
CNS
Previous
studies
were
not
able
to
detect
mRNA
transcripts
brain
tissue
suggested
CB2Rs
absent
considered
peripheral
receptors.
Studies
done
role
as
a
target
treating
different
disorders
revealed
important
putative
certain
disorders,
requires
further
clinical
validation.
This
review
addresses
recent
advances
including,
but
to,
anxiety,
depression,
schizophrenia,
Parkinson’s
disease
(PD),
Alzheimer’s
(AD),
Huntington’s
(HD)
addiction.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(2), P. 485 - 485
Published: Feb. 14, 2023
The
literature
provides
scientific
evidence
for
the
beneficial
effects
of
cannabidiol
(CBD),
and
these
extend
beyond
epilepsy
treatment
(e.g.,
Lennox–Gastaut
Dravet
syndromes),
notably
influence
on
oxidative
status,
neurodegeneration,
cellular
protection,
cognitive
function,
physical
performance.
However,
products
containing
CBD
are
not
allowed
to
be
marketed
everywhere
in
world,
which
may
ultimately
have
a
negative
effect
health
as
result
uncontrolled
market.
After
isolation
follows
discovery
CB1
CB2
receptors
main
enzymatic
components
(diacylglycerol
lipase
(DAG
lipase),
monoacyl
glycerol
(MAGL),
fatty
acid
amino
hydrolase
(FAAH)).
At
same
time,
antioxidant
potential
is
due
only
molecular
structure
but
also
fact
that
this
compound
increases
expression
endogenous
systems,
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD),
glutathione
peroxidase
(GPx),
through
nuclear
complex
erythroid
2-related
factor
(Nrf2)/Keep1.
Regarding
role
control
inflammation,
function
exercised
by
inhibiting
(nuclear
kappa
B)
NF-κB,
genes
encode
molecules
with
pro-inflammatory
(cytokines
metalloproteinases).
other
performance
should
excluded.
In
conclusion,
market
needs
regulated
more
thoroughly,
given
previously
listed
properties,
mention
safety
profile
very
good
one.
Pharmaceuticals,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 487 - 487
Published: March 24, 2023
Cannabidiol
(CBD),
one
of
the
most
promising
constituents
isolated
from
Cannabis
sativa,
exhibits
diverse
pharmacological
actions.
However,
applications
CBD
are
restricted
mainly
due
to
its
poor
oral
bioavailability.
Therefore,
researchers
focusing
on
development
novel
strategies
for
effective
delivery
with
improved
In
this
context,
have
designed
nanocarriers
overcome
limitations
associated
CBD.
The
CBD-loaded
assist
in
improving
therapeutic
efficacy,
targetability,
and
controlled
biodistribution
negligible
toxicity
treating
various
disease
conditions.
review,
we
summarized
discussed
molecular
targets,
targeting
mechanisms
types
nanocarrier-based
systems
management
This
strategic
information
will
help
establishment
nanotechnology
interventions
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
134(5), P. 574 - 601
Published: March 13, 2024
Abstract
Studies
have
demonstrated
the
neuroprotective
effect
of
cannabidiol
(CBD)
and
other
Cannabis
sativa
L.
derivatives
on
diseases
central
nervous
system
caused
by
their
direct
or
indirect
interaction
with
endocannabinoid
system‐related
receptors
molecular
targets,
such
as
5‐HT
1A
receptor,
which
is
a
potential
pharmacological
target
CBD.
Interestingly,
CBD
binding
receptor
may
be
suitable
for
treatment
epilepsies,
parkinsonian
syndromes
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
in
serotonergic
plays
key
role.
The
aim
this
review
was
to
provide
an
overview
cannabinoid
effects
neurological
disorders,
epilepsy,
multiple
sclerosis
Parkinson's
diseases,
discuss
possible
mechanism
action,
highlighting
interactions
targets
phytocannabinoids.
has
been
shown
significant
therapeutic
epilepsy
disease,
while
nabiximols
contribute
reduction
spasticity
are
frequent
option
sclerosis.
Although
there
theories
cannabinoids
substantially
greater
progress
search
strong
scientific
evidence
effectiveness
needed.
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Cannabidiol
(CBD),
the
primary
non-intoxicating
compound
in
cannabis,
is
currently
approved
for
treating
rare,
treatment-resistant
seizures.
Recent
preclinical
research
suggests
that
CBD's
multifaceted
mechanisms
of
action
brain,
which
involve
multiple
molecular
targets,
underlie
its
neuroprotective,
anti-inflammatory,
anxiolytic,
and
antipsychotic
effects.
Clinical
trials
are
also
exploring
therapeutic
potential
beyond
current
uses.
This
review
focuses
on
polypharmacological
profile
discusses
latest
clinical
findings
regarding
efficacy
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
Existing
evidence
ability
to
modulate
signaling
pathways
may
benefit
disorders,
we
propose
further
areas
clarify
mechanisms,
address
data
gaps,
refine
indications.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(1), P. 104 - 104
Published: Jan. 14, 2021
Dopamine
(DA),
as
one
of
the
major
neurotransmitters
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
and
periphery,
exerts
its
actions
through
five
types
receptors
which
belong
to
two
subfamilies
such
D1-like
(i.e.,
D1
D5
receptors)
D2-like
D2,
D3
D4)
receptors.
receptor
(D3R)
was
cloned
30
years
ago,
distribution
CNS
molecular
structure,
cellular
signaling
mechanisms
have
been
largely
explored.
Involvement
D3Rs
has
recognized
several
functions
movement
control,
cognition,
learning,
reward,
emotional
regulation
social
behavior.
become
a
promising
target
drug
research
great
efforts
made
obtain
high
affinity
ligands
(selective
agonists,
partial
agonists
antagonists)
order
elucidate
D3R
functions.
There
strong
drive
behind
find
drug-like
compounds
with
selectivity
various
functionality
for
hope
that
they
would
potential
treatment
options
diseases
schizophrenia,
abuse,
Parkinson’s
disease,
depression,
restless
leg
syndrome.
In
this
review,
we
provide
an
overview
update
aspects
related
D3Rs:
properties,
status
available
(agonists,
antagonists
agonists),
behavioral
D3Rs,
role
neural
networks,
summary
on
how
D3R-related
translated
human
therapy.
