Cancer Cell International,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
25(1)
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
Theranostics
is
a
way
of
treating
illness
that
blends
medicine
with
testing.
Specific
characteristics
should
be
present
in
the
best
theranostic
agents
for
cancer:
(1)
drugs
safe
and
non-toxic;
(2)
they
able
to
treat
cancer
selectively;
(3)
build
up
only
cancerous
tissue.
Liposomes
(LPs)
are
one
most
efficient
drug
delivery
methods
based
on
nanotechnology.
Stealth
LPs
commercial
have
recently
had
an
impact
treatment.
Using
valuable
information
from
each
imaging
technique,
along
multimodality
functionality
liposomal
therapeutic
agents,
makes
them
very
appealing
personalized
monitoring
how
well
working
against
vivo
predicting
therapies
will
work.
On
other
hand,
their
use
as
nanoparticle
systems
currently
research
development
phase.
Nanoscale
system
innovation
has
made
LP-nanoparticle
hybrid
structures
useful
combining
methods.
LP-hybrid
nanoparticles
better
at
killing
cells
than
LP
counterparts,
making
excellent
options
vitro
applications.
Hybrid
liposomes
(HLs)
could
used
future
carriers
find
targets.
This
would
combine
features
synthetic
biological
systems.
Overarchingly,
this
article
provided
comprehensive
overview
many
types
detection,
therapy,
analysis.
An
evaluation
pros
cons
HLs
detection
treatment
also
been
conducted.
The
study
included
recent
significant
We
conclude
by
outlining
potential
benefits
drawbacks
approach
concurrent
different
malignancies,
its
prospects.
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
10, P. 207 - 221
Published: Sept. 17, 2021
The
complex
pathogenesis
of
osteoporosis
includes
excessive
bone
resorption,
insufficient
formation
and
inadequate
vascularization,
a
combination
which
is
difficult
to
completely
address
with
conventional
therapies.
Engineered
exosomes
carrying
curative
molecules
show
promise
as
alternative
therapies,
but
depend
on
specifically-functionalized
vesicles
appropriate
engineering
strategies.
Here,
we
developed
an
exosome
delivery
system
based
secreted
by
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
derived
from
human
induced
pluripotent
(iPSCs).
engineered
BT-Exo-siShn3,
took
advantage
the
intrinsic
anti-osteoporosis
function
these
special
MSC-derived
collaborated
loaded
siRNA
Shn3
gene
enhance
therapeutic
effects.
Modification
bone-targeting
peptide
endowed
BT-Exo-siShn3
ability
deliver
osteoblasts
specifically.
Silencing
osteoblastic
enhanced
osteogenic
differentiation,
decreased
autologous
RANKL
expression
thereby
inhibited
osteoclast
formation.
Furthermore,
silencing
increased
production
SLIT3
consequently
facilitated
especially
type
H
vessels.
Our
study
demonstrated
that
could
serve
promising
therapy
kill
three
birds
one
stone
implement
comprehensive
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
14, P. 169 - 181
Published: Dec. 17, 2021
Nanosized
extracellular
vesicles
derived
from
bacteria
contain
diverse
cargo
and
transfer
intercellular
bioactive
molecules
to
cells.
Due
their
favorable
interactions,
cell
membrane-derived
bacterial
(BEVs)
have
great
potential
become
novel
drug
delivery
platforms.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
the
biogenesis
mechanism
compositions
of
various
BEVs.
addition,
an
overview
effective
isolation
purification
techniques
BEVs
is
provided.
particular,
focus
on
application
as
nanocarriers
for
delivery.
Finally,
advances
challenges
after
providing
a
comprehensive
discussion
in
each
section.
We
believe
that
deeper
understanding
will
open
new
avenues
exploitation
applications.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
32(51)
Published: Oct. 9, 2022
Abstract
With
an
increasingly
aging
society,
bone
defects
and
fractures
have
become
significant
threats
to
human
health
quality
of
life.
Currently,
autologous
allogeneic
grafts
remain
the
“gold
standard”
for
clinical
treatment
repair.
However,
transplantation
is
still
clinically
insufficient,
owing
its
substantial
limitations,
such
as
graft
rejection,
donor
functional
defects,
risk
infection.
Therefore,
a
variety
biomaterials
been
developed
facilitate
advancement
tissue
engineering,
focus
research
has
transitioned
from
bioinert
bioactive
biomaterials.
many
not
achieved
satisfactory
therapeutic
effects.
In
recent
years,
advancements
in
osteoimmunology
revealed
that
immune
system,
which
macrophages
are
critical
components,
plays
essential
regulatory
role
regeneration.
this
review,
healing
explored
developments
promote
regeneration
by
modulating
macrophage
polarization
improving
osteoimmune
microenvironment
reviewed.
This
review
provides
reference
development
application
repair
immunomodulation
perspective.
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23, P. 156 - 169
Published: Nov. 11, 2022
The
skeletal
system
is
responsible
for
weight-bearing,
organ
protection,
and
movement.
Bone
diseases
caused
by
trauma,
infection,
aging
can
seriously
affect
a
patient's
quality
of
life.
targeted
biomaterials
are
suitable
the
treatment
bone
diseases.
Biomaterials
with
bone-targeted
properties
improve
drug
utilization
reduce
side
effects.
A
large
number
micro-nano
materials
have
been
developed.
However,
only
few
studies
addressed
hydrogel.
size
hydrogel
makes
it
difficult
to
achieve
systematic
targeting.
local
still
has
significant
prospects.
Molecules
in
bone/cartilage
extracellular
matrix
cells
provide
binding
sites
Drug
delivery
systems
featuring
microgels
targeting
key
construction
strategy
Besides,
injectable
depot
carrying
drugs
another
strategy.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
through
application
environment,
strategies
disease
applications.
We
hope
article
will
reference
development
hydrogels.
also
could
increase
awareness
materials.
Cell Reports Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
4(1), P. 100881 - 100881
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Systematic
bone
loss
is
commonly
complicated
with
inflammatory
bowel
diseases
(IBDs)
unclear
pathogenesis
and
uncertain
treatment.
In
experimental
colitis
mouse
models
established
by
dextran
sulfate
sodium
IL-10
knockout
induced
piroxicam,
mass
quality
are
significantly
decreased.
Colitis
mice
demonstrate
a
lower
formation
rate
fewer
osteoblasts
in
femur.
Bone
marrow
mesenchymal
stem/stromal
cells
(BMSCs)
from
tend
to
differentiate
into
adipocytes
rather
than
osteoblasts.
Serum
patients
IBD
promotes
adipogenesis
of
human
BMSCs.
RNA
sequencing
reveals
that
downregulates
Wnt
signaling
For
treatment,
exosomes
Golgi
glycoprotein
1
inserted
could
carry
agonist
accumulate
via
intravenous
administration.
They
alleviate
loss,
promote
formation,
accelerate
fracture
healing
mice.
Collectively,
BMSC
commitment
microenvironment
contributes
quantity
be
rescued
redirecting
differentiation
toward
through
bone-targeted
drug
delivery.
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(11), P. 5103 - 5124
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Osteoarthritis
(OA)
is
a
common
joint
disease
with
high
disability
rate.In
addition,
OA
not
only
causes
great
physiological
and
psychological
harm
to
patients,
but
also
puts
pressure
on
the
social
healthcare
system.Pathologically,
disintegration
of
cartilage
lesions
subchondral
bone
are
related
OA.Currently,
tissue
engineering,
which
expected
overcome
defects
existing
treatment
methods,
had
lot
research
in
field
cartilage/osteochondral
repair.Silk
fibroin
(SF),
as
natural
macromolecular
material
good
biocompatibility,
unique
mechanical
properties,
excellent
processability
degradability,
holds
potential
engineering.Nowadays,
SF
been
prepared
into
various
materials
adapt
demands
repair.SF-based
biomaterials
can
be
functionally
modified
enhance
repair
performance
further.In
this
review,
preparation
types,
structures,
functional
modifications
SF-based
used
for
summarized
discussed.We
hope
that
review
will
provide
reference
design
development
field.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(14)
Published: April 5, 2023
Abnormal
subchondral
bone
remodeling
featured
by
overactivated
osteoclastogenesis
leads
to
articular
cartilage
degeneration
and
osteoarthritis
(OA)
progression,
but
the
mechanism
is
unclear.
We
used
lymphocyte
cytosolic
protein
1
(Lcp1)
knockout
mice
suppress
osteoclasts
in
a
OA
model
with
anterior
cruciate
ligament
transection
(ACLT),
Lcp1-/-
showed
decreased
retarded
degeneration.
For
mechanisms,
activated
induced
type-H
vessels
elevated
oxygen
concentration,
which
ubiquitylated
hypoxia-inducible
factor
alpha
subunit
(HIF-1α)
chondrocytes
led
Lcp1
impeded
angiogenesis,
maintained
hypoxia
environment
joints
delayed
progression.
Stabilization
of
HIF-1α
degeneration,
knockdown
Hif1a
abolished
protective
effects
knockout.
Last,
we
that
Oroxylin
A,
an
Lcp1-encoded
l-plastin
(LPL)
inhibitor,
could
alleviate
In
conclusion,
maintaining
hypoxic
attractive
strategy
for
treatment.
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
28, P. 273 - 283
Published: June 1, 2023
Diabetes
mellitus
is
a
chronically
inflamed
disease
that
predisposes
to
delayed
fracture
healing.
Macrophages
play
key
role
in
the
process
of
healing
by
undergoing
polarization
into
either
M1
or
M2
subtypes,
which
respectively
exhibit
pro-inflammatory
anti-inflammatory
functions.
Therefore,
modulation
macrophage
subtype
beneficial
for
Exosomes
perform
an
important
improving
osteoimmune
microenvironment
due
their
extremely
low
immunogenicity
and
high
bioactivity.
In
this
study,
we
extracted
M2-exosomes
used
them
intervene
bone
repair
diabetic
fractures.
The
results
showed
significantly
modulate
decreasing
proportion
macrophages,
thereby
accelerating
We
further
confirmed
induced
conversion
macrophages
stimulating
PI3K/AKT
pathway.
Our
study
offers
fresh
perspective
potential
therapeutic
approach
improve
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: June 24, 2022
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
with
a
lipid
bilayer
membrane
on
the
outside,
which
widely
found
in
various
body
fluids
and
contain
biological
macromolecules
such
as
DNA,
RNA,
lipids
proteins
inside.
EVs
were
once
thought
to
be
for
removal
of
waste
materials,
but
now
known
involved
variety
pathophysiological
processes
many
diseases.
This
study
examines
advantage
challenges
associated
their
application.
A
more
rational
use
advantageous
properties
composition
specificity,
specific
targeting,
circulatory
stability,
active
penetration
barriers,
high
efficient
drug
delivery
vehicles
anticancer
vaccines,
oxidative
phosphorylation
activity
enzymatic
activity,
resolution
shortcomings
isolation
purification
methods,
storage
conditions
pharmacokinetics
biodistribution
patterns
during
will
facilitate
clinical
application
EVs.
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(3), P. 931 - 954
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Osteoarthritis
(OA)
is
a
degenerative
disease
characterized
by
loss
of
articular
cartilage
and
chronic
inflammation,
involving
multiple
cellular
dysfunctions
tissue
lesions.The
non-vascular
environment
dense
matrix
in
the
joints
tend
to
block
drug
penetration,
resulting
low
bioavailability.There
desire
develop
safer
more
effective
OA
therapies
meet
challenges
an
aging
world
population
future.Biomaterials
have
achieved
satisfactory
results
improving
targeting,
prolonging
duration
action,
achieving
precision
therapy.This
article
reviews
current
basic
understanding
pathological
mechanisms
clinical
treatment
dilemmas
OA,
summarizes
discusses
advances
for
different
kinds
targeted
responsive
biomaterials
seeking
provide
new
perspectives
OA.Subsequently,
limitations
translation
biosafety
are
analyzed
guide
development
future
therapeutic
strategies
OA.As
need
medicine
rises
over
time,
emerging
multifunctional
based
on
targeting
controlled
release
will
become
irreplaceable
part
management.