Oxygen
(O2)
concentration
is
important
in
both
physiological
and
pathophysiological
contexts.
Modulating
O2
vivo
vitro
challenging,
yet
has
vast
therapeutic
potential
necessary
to
accurately
recapitulate
environments,
respectively.
Herein,
we
developed
O2-controlling
strategies
(i)
boost
vaccine
immunogenicity,
(ii)
model
tumor
microenvironments
vitro,
(iii)
understand
cancer
cell
responses
different
low
tensions.
Using
O2-generating
cryogels
(injectable,
macroporous
hydrogels),
was
used
as
an
adjuvant
immunogenicity
protect
against
SARS-CoV-2.
In
mice,
cryogel
vaccines
(O2-CryogelVAX)
induced
higher
titers
of
neutralizing
antibodies
compared
bolus
(CryogelVAX),
O2-CryogelVAX
also
increased
B
expansion
draining
lymph
nodes
(dLNs)
IgG1
titer,
suggesting
that
traveled
the
dLNs
promoted
germinal
center
formation.
IgG
sublcass
cytokine
characterization
suggest
generated
a
balanced
Th1/Th2-mediated
immune
response
without
any
signs
allergic
response.
Our
data
represent
promising
platform
increase
context
infectious
disease.O2-controlled
culture
biological
research
method.
One
major
use
case
study
hypoxia,
or
O2.
Widespread
adoption
this
technique
mitigated
by
cost,
laboratory
space
requirements,
technical
challenges,
rapid
reoxygenation
cultures.
As
alternative,
hypothesized
immobilizing
glucose
oxidase
(GOX)
catalase
(CAT)
matrices
could
simultaneously
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
hypoxic
environments
vitro.
After
optimizing
hypoxia-inducing
(HIC)
manufacturing
process
formulation,
demonstrate
HICs
induce
hypoxia
(1%
O2)
for
11
days
culture,
with
minimal
hydrogen
peroxide
(H2O2)
production
consumption.
future
work,
are
utilized
better
dendritic
polarization
T
interactions
demonstrating
their
ability
mimic
microenvironment
(TME).
developing
new
method
measure
pericellular
tension
(i.e.,
cells
experience)
O2-controlled
discovered
physioxic
(5%
setpoints
regularly
anoxic
(0%
tensions
adherent
suspension
Electron
transport
chain
inhibition
ablates
effect,
indicating
cellular
consumption
driving
factor.
RNA-seq
revealed
primary
human
hepatocytes
cultured
physioxia
experience
ischemia-reperfusion
injury
due
exposure
followed
reoxygenation.
To
relationship
between
incubator
gas
phase
tensions,
reaction-diffusion
predicts
priori.
This
effect
greatest
smaller
volume
vessels
(e.g.,
96-well
plate).
By
controlling
MCF7
have
stronger
glycolytic
glutamine
metabolism
anoxia
vs.
hypoxia.
expressed
levels
HIF2A,
CD73,
NDUFA4L2,
etc.
lower
HIF1A,
CA9,
VEGFA,
anoxia.
Proteomics
4T1
had
upregulated
epithelial-to-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT)
downregulated
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
management,
glycolysis,
fatty
acid
pathways
Collectively,
these
results
reveal
breast
respond
non-monotonically
O2,
not
suitable
We
atmospheric
incubators
insufficient
control
introduce
concept
culture.
several
modeling
tissues
physiologically,
underpinning
importance
--Author's
abstract
ACS Applied Bio Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(7), P. 4193 - 4230
Published: July 3, 2024
Polysaccharides
(PSAs)
are
carbohydrate-based
macromolecules
widely
used
in
the
biomedical
field,
either
their
pure
form
or
blends/nanocomposites
with
other
materials.
The
relationship
between
structure,
properties,
and
functions
has
inspired
scientists
to
design
multifunctional
PSAs
for
various
applications
by
incorporating
unique
molecular
structures
targeted
bulk
properties.
Multiple
strategies,
such
as
conjugation,
grafting,
cross-linking,
functionalization,
have
been
explored
control
mechanical
electrical
conductivity,
hydrophilicity,
degradability,
rheological
features,
stimuli-responsiveness.
For
instance,
custom-made
known
worldwide
tissue
engineering,
drug/gene
delivery,
regenerative
medicine.
Furthermore,
remarkable
advancements
supramolecular
engineering
chemistry
paved
way
mission-oriented
biomaterial
synthesis
fabrication
of
customized
biomaterials.
These
materials
can
synergistically
combine
benefits
biology
tackle
important
questions.
Herein,
we
categorize
summarize
based
on
methods,
explore
main
strategies
customize
chemical
structures.
We
then
highlight
properties
using
practical
examples.
Lastly,
thoroughly
describe
tailor-made
PSAs,
along
current
existing
challenges
potential
future
directions.
MedComm,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(3)
Published: March 1, 2024
Abstract
Therapeutic
antibodies
(Abs)
improve
the
clinical
outcome
of
cancer
patients.
However,
on‐target
off‐tumor
toxicity
limits
Ab‐based
therapeutics.
Cluster
differentiation
147
(CD147)
is
a
tumor‐associated
membrane
antigen
overexpressed
in
cells.
drugs
targeting
CD147
have
achieved
inadequate
benefits
for
liver
due
to
side
effects.
Here,
by
using
glycoengineering
and
hypoxia‐activation
strategies,
we
developed
conditional
Ab‐dependent
cellular
cytotoxicity
(ADCC)‐enhanced
humanized
anti‐CD147
Ab,
HcHAb18‐azo‐PEG
5000
(HAP18).
Afucosylated
ADCC‐enhanced
HcHAb18
Ab
was
produced
fed‐batch
cell
culture
system.
Azobenzene
(Azo)‐linked
PEG
conjugation
endowed
HAP18
with
features
hypoxia‐responsive
delivery
selective
targeting.
potently
inhibits
migration,
invasion,
matrix
metalloproteinase
secretion,
triggers
apoptosis
cells,
induces
ADCC,
complement‐dependent
cytotoxicity,
phagocytosis
under
hypoxia.
In
xenograft
mouse
models,
selectively
targets
hypoxic
tissues
but
not
normal
organs
or
tissues,
has
potent
tumor‐inhibiting
caused
negligible
effects
exhibited
superior
pharmacokinetics
compared
those
parent
Ab.
The
hypoxia‐activated
safely
confers
therapeutic
efficacy
against
improved
selectivity.
This
study
highlights
that
hypoxia
activation
promising
strategy
improving
tumor
potential
drugs.
Cancer Communications,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 3, 2025
Abstract
Despite
significant
advancements
in
cancer
treatment,
current
therapies
often
fail
to
completely
eradicate
malignant
cells.
This
shortfall
underscores
the
urgent
need
explore
alternative
approaches
such
as
vaccines.
Leveraging
immune
system's
natural
ability
target
and
kill
cells
holds
great
therapeutic
potential.
However,
development
of
vaccines
is
hindered
by
several
challenges,
including
low
stability,
inadequate
response
activation,
immunosuppressive
tumor
microenvironment,
which
limit
their
efficacy.
Recent
progress
various
fields,
click
chemistry,
nanotechnology,
exosome
engineering,
neoantigen
design,
offer
innovative
solutions
these
challenges.
These
achievements
have
led
emergence
smart
vaccine
platforms
(SVPs),
integrate
protective
carriers
for
messenger
ribonucleic
acid
(mRNA)
with
functionalization
strategies
optimize
targeted
delivery.
Click
chemistry
further
enhances
SVP
performance
improving
encapsulation
mRNA
antigens
facilitating
precise
delivery
review
highlights
latest
developments
technologies
therapy,
exploring
both
opportunities
challenges
advancing
transformative
approaches.
Materials Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
4(15), P. 3084 - 3090
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Breakthroughs
in
biomaterials
science
have
paved
the
way
for
significant
advancements
stabilization
of
hypoxia-inducible
factor-α
(HIF-α).
This
approach
holds
exciting
prospects
therapeutic
use
cellular
responses
to
low
oxygen.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Dec. 7, 2023
Dendritic
cells
(DCs),
professional
antigen-presenting
cells,
function
as
sentinels
of
the
immune
system.
DCs
initiate
and
fine-tune
adaptive
responses
by
presenting
antigenic
peptides
to
B
T
lymphocytes
mount
an
effective
response
against
cancer
pathogens.
However,
hypoxia,
a
condition
characterized
low
oxygen
(O
2
)
tension
in
different
tissues,
significantly
impacts
DC
functions,
including
antigen
uptake,
activation
maturation,
migration,
well
T-cell
priming
proliferation.
In
this
study,
we
employed
O
-releasing
biomaterials
-cryogels)
study
effect
localized
supply
on
human
phenotype
functions.
Our
results
indicate
that
-cryogels
effectively
mitigate
exposure
hypoxia
under
hypoxic
conditions.
Additionally,
counteract
hypoxia-induced
inhibition
uptake
migratory
activity
through
release
hyaluronic
acid
(HA)
mediated
mechanisms.
Furthermore,
preserve
restore
maturation
co-stimulation
markers,
HLA-DR,
CD86,
CD40,
along
with
secretion
proinflammatory
cytokines
Finally,
our
findings
demonstrate
supplemental
released
from
cryogels
preserves
DC-mediated
priming,
ultimately
leading
proliferation
allogeneic
CD3+
cells.
This
work
emphasizes
potential
local
oxygenation
powerful
immunomodulatory
agent
improve
functions
offering
new
approaches
for
infectious
disease
treatments.